1 . Lots of people dream of a beach vacation, but hesitate to take one because they don't want to leave a pet behind.
Find a hotel that is pet-friendly. Most hotels that accept pets will advertise themselves as pet-friendly on their websites.
Clean up after your pet. When vacationing with your pet it doesn't mean that all responsibility is gone. Picking up after it, whether that is when it goes to the bathroom or it makes a mess with its food, is still your responsibility.
Be considerate of others.
| A．Protect your pet from the sun. |
| B．Make sure you choose a beach that allows pets. |
| C．However, there is no need to settle for a pet sitter. |
| D．You never know how an animal will react in public. |
| E．You could also try to stay with a friend who loves your pet. |
| F．If you are unsure whether a hotel accepts pets, call it and ask. |
| G．This is especially important at the beach where many people move around. |
2 . Plenty of harvests of corn and other major crops rely on a mysterious phenomenon known as hybrid vigor (杂交活力). When highly naturally-born varieties are crossed, their next generations are taller, hardier, and bear more grain, Researchers report that this vigor is somehow influenced by microbes (微生物) in the soil, perhaps through a plant's immune system .
Charles Darwin was one of the first researchers to describe hybrid vigor. In the early 20th century, biologists began to apply this effect to agriculture by creating naturally-born parent plants that produced hybrid seeds. By the 1940s, almost every farmer in the United States was planting hybrid corn, and the harvests multiplied.
Biologists have proposed several theories about the cause of hybrid vigor, but no definitive explanation has emerged.
Maggie Wagner, plant biologist at the University of Kansas, and her colleagues wondered whether microbes might be it involved. Last year, Wagner and her colleagues found an interesting clue in a field study. They discovered that the leaves and roots of hybrid corn had microbial communities that are different from those living on naturally-born varieties of corn. “Something about being a hybrid makes a plant interact differently with microbes,” Wagner says. It could be that the naturally-born corn's immune systems react more actively to beneficial microbes, compromising their growth. Alternatively, hybrid plants may be better able to defend against weak pathogens (病原体) in the soil.
Wagner says the finding highlights the need for plant growers to match the hybrid crops to the microbial communities with which they live. The findings help scientists realize the importance of understanding the role of soil microbes in making agriculture more productive and sustainable, “This holds great promise.”
1. How did people use the effect of hybrid vigor in agriculture?| A．By producing naturally-born parent plants that bore hybrid seeds. |
| B．By creating naturally-born parent lines that produced hybrid vigor. |
| C．By providing more microbes communities that could produce more seeds. |
| D．By looking for hybrid parent plants in the field that produced hybrid seeds. |
| A．Hybrid plants react worse to weak pathogens in the soil. |
| B．Wagner connected hybrid vigor with microbial communities. |
| C．Being naturally-born makes a plant interact differently with microbes. |
| D．Hybrid corn and naturally-born corn have similar microbial communities. |
| A．Making farmers know what to grow to resist certain diseases |
| B．Helping scientist realize the importance of spreading soil microbes. |
| C．Showing the significance of associating soil microbes with specific crops. |
| D．Highlighting the need for plant growers to find more microbial communities. |
| A．Hybrid corn: a double-edged sword |
| B．How can farmers grow hybrid crops? |
| C．Hybrid vigor: a mysterious phenomenon |
| D．What role do soil microbes play in the harvests of corn? |
3 . An air-conditioner has become a sign of middle-class status in developing nations. But as air-conditioners appear from windows and storefronts across the world, scientists are becoming increasingly alarmed about the impact of the gases on which they run.
The oldest CFC coolants used in air-conditioners, which are highly damaging to the ozone layer, have been largely rejected from use; and the newest ones, used widely in industrialized nations, have little or no effect on the ozone layer. But these newest gases have an another impact — they contribute to global warming thousands of times more than CO2 does, the standard greenhouse gas. Indeed, the leading scientists in the field have just calculated that if all the equipment entering the world market uses the newest gases currently employed in air-conditioners, up to 27 percent of all global warning will result from those gases by 2050.
So the treatment to cure one global environmental disaster is now seeding another. "There is precious little time to do something, to act," said Stephen O. Andersen, the co-chairman of an international organization's technical and economic advisory panel.
Promising technologies wait, blocked in the wings. In China and a few other countries, room air-conditioners using hydrocarbons — which cause little warming or ozone damage — are already coming off assembly lines in small numbers but have not yet been approved for sale, in part because the chemicals are flammable (易燃的).Yet in Europe, refrigerators that cool with hydrocarbons have been in use for years, and some companies in the United States, such as Pepsi and Ben and Jerry's, have recently changed in-store coolers from HFCs to hydrocarbons as part of sustainability plans. But the patent is being argued. And some governments have still not finished safety testing.
Mr. Wypior, whose agency is trying to promote climate-friendly air-conditioning industries in India and China, said: “The technologies are available. They're well known. They're proven— though not at scale. So why aren't we moving?”
1. What's Paragraph 2 mainly about?| A．Air-conditioners' influence on the ozone layer. |
| B．Scientist's efforts to control the greenhouse gases. |
| C．The seriousness of global warning faced by the whole world. |
| D．The harmful effect of the newest gases used in air-conditioners. |
| A．These newest gases are used in the wrong direction. |
| B．These newest gases should be banned from producing |
| C．These newest gases will lead to global warming. |
| D．These newest gases carry both benefits and harms.. |
| A．Hydrocarbons are mainly used in refrigerators. |
| B．People are still arguing about their security. |
| C．Hydrocarbons are not friendly to the environment. |
| D．Most countries haven't mastered the related technologies. |
| A．Positive. | B．Negative. |
| C．Unconcerned. | D．Indifferent. |
4 . The Chapramari Forest lies in the eastern area of India.
After a collision this past April in Odisha state that killed four elephants, Indian Railways lowered speed limits to as low as 18 mph in several areas in the country's east.
More permanent solutions include constructing overpasses or underpasses as safe crossing points for the elephants, elevating the railway track, or getting the track away from sensitive areas.
| A．because they are attracted by the green grass |
| B．Still, three elephants were killed in train accidents in that state since February |
| C．Many of the plants here dry up in winter |
| D．And the measures they take are working wonders |
| E．In India trains have killed 281 elephants from 1987 to July 2018 |
| F．when it can feel the train's movement |
| G．But train conductors often break speed regulations |
5 . While visiting Lake Louise last summer, one of the most famous sights in the Canadian Rockies, I saw a plastic spoon float by in the green water. Whether someone had thrown the spoon into the water, or if it was blown in by the wind, the sight surprised me. It was a sad reminder (提醒物) of the reach that plastic pollution has. Try as I might, I could not reach that spoon, and had to watch it float away.
Grist wrote about the problem of plastic cutlery (餐具) in an article called “It’s time to take America’s plastic fork problem seriously”: “It’s hard to say how many forks, spoons, and knives Americans throw away, but in 2015 we placed nearly 2 billion delivery (递送) orders. If at least half those meals included single-use cutlery, that would mean we’re throwing away billions of cutlery each year. They don’t just disappear. A recent study of the San Francisco Bay Area found that food and drink packaging made up 67 percent of all litter on the streets.”
Fiona Nicholls, ocean plastics campaigner for Greenpeace UK, said: “We can’t carry on using up land or cutting down forests to make cutlery, cups or packaging that get used for a matter of moments, and could pollute our planet for hundreds of years to come. It’s grotesque.”
As members of the community, we should do our part to stop single-use cutlery. One way is to throw a travel set of reusable cutlery into your bag. Even if you don’t have your own set or forget to bring it with you, there are other ways. When eating out, choose places that offer reusable cutlery. Finger foods like pizza, tacos or sandwiches are also nice choices. If you’re ordering food for delivery, you can also say “no thanks” to plastic forks, knives and spoons.
1. How did the author feel upon his discovery at Lake Louise?| A．He felt relaxed. |
| B．He was nervous. |
| C．He was worried. |
| D．He felt encouraged. |
| A．The problem of using plastic is serious. |
| B．The streets in American cities are not tidy. |
| C．At least half of meals are wasted every year. |
| D．Many people spend money on takeaway food. |
| A．useful. |
| B．boring. |
| C．satisfying. |
| D．unreasonable. |
| A．Single-use cutlery harms the environment. |
| B．Single-use cutlery is in great need every year. |
| C．People’s opinions on single-use cutlery are divided. |
| D．People can use different ways to stop using. |
6 . “Your mind is a garden; your thoughts are the seeds. The harvest can either be flowers or weeds,” William Wordsworth wrote. In the above quote, William suggests that the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we “plant” in our lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don’t. Before you start to work in your garden, it’s necessary to have a vision for it. Thinking of what you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve, because your mind-garden is like the white paper and the possibilities are endless.
Regardless of what you choose to plant, poor soil isn’t suitable for growth. This is why gardeners take the time and energy to upgrade the soil before planting. So, creating the right soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams. Fortunately, there are countless ways to make your personal bedrock better. Getting an education is one of the most effective ways, which can help you enrich your life’s soil.
You don’t have to be an enthusiastic gardener to understand the meaning of “You reap(收获) what you sow.” When a gardener wants tomatoes, they just need to plant tomato seeds. It’s a very clear act that produces an expected result. Each of us has the power to decide which “life seeds” to plant. For example, if you plant ill seeds, it's likely that you’ll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding, your life will bloom with happiness and love.
A gardener’s truly arduous work begins after the seeds are in the ground because a garden requires a lot of care and attention. Regular watering and weeding are required for a healthy garden. So, to ensure your dreams take root, you should be devoted, aware, and present. After countless hours and energy spent, the crops have grown well and are finally ready to be harvested.
1. What is important before gardeners break ground in their gardens?| A．Receiving some training in planting. |
| B．Drawing up a good plan for their gardens. |
| C．Having the courage to accept the worst outcome. |
| D．Doing research on the common local garden plants. |
| A．Improving the condition of the soil. | B．Growing your most favorable plants. |
| C．Taking care of the plants in your garden. | D．Selecting proper goals in gardening work. |
| A．Your quality of life depends on your positive action. |
| B．Your experience can help you understand plants better. |
| C．Your choice of soil is an important part in your gardening. |
| D．Your knowledge of planting will make you a successful gardener. |
| A．Beneficial | B．Creative | C．Boring. | D．Tough |
In my entire life, I have never witnessed an environmental disaster like the
Wild Chinese sturgeon ( 鲟) are thought to have lived at the same time as dinosaurs and among the first class of protected animals in China. Last week, a wild Chinese sturgeon, which is believed to be the
The Chinese sturgeon “Houfu” ,
When the fish
Nicknamed “Aquatic giant pandas” and
1. Who designed the White House?
| A．George Washington. |
| B．John Adams. |
| C．James Hoban. |
| A．The first. | B．The second. | C．The third. |
| A．In 1790. | B．On Nov. 1,1800. | C．After the War of 1812. |
| A．The history of the White House |
| B．Some American presidents. |
| C．The rebuilding of the White House. |
After over 2,100 days of operation, the central route of the South-North Water Diversion Project,
When the project just kicked off, only 20 of the 42 sections
Since the project
