Willie’s 11th birthday was coming. His aunt sent him a birthday present—a small nice notebook. There was a place in it for a pencil. Willie valued it a lot and always kept it in his pocket. When he found something interesting, he would write it down in the book.
One afternoon, after Willie came back from school, he called his best friend, Caper, a well-trained shepherd dog and said, “Come, Caper! Let’s go out and have fun.” They went to the pasture field (牧场) to catch the butterflies and there they found a shaft (通风井), which seemed to be deserted for a long time. Willie sat down on the edge of the shaft, bending over to see how deep it was. Suddenly, he lost his balance and fell in. “Help! Help!” Willie called desperately. But no response at all. He was so far away from the house. He made several attempts to climb up the shaft but again he failed! Now Willie was exhausted and frustrated. When Caper saw his master falling into the shaft, the little good companion ran round and round, reaching down and trying to pull him out. Unfortunately, a piece of rock gave way under his feet, and he fell in the shaft too!
It was getting dark. When Willie’s mother, Mrs. Lee came back from work and found there was no one at home, she was anxious and worried. Without any clue at home, she decided to look for Willie outside. She went to all the trees under which Willie was in the habit of playing, but he was nowhere to be found. By this time, the sun had gone down. A feeling of panic took hold of Mrs. Lee. She comforted herself that Willie might have come back. She rushed back, hoping to find her son at home.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She found Caper sitting in front of the door, with a notebook in his mouth.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Willie told Mum how he came up with the idea after he was successfully rescued.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2 . Two inventors, Simon Jorritsma and Anne Koudstaal, had an unusual idea — what if you recycled plastic and turned it into a road? Now the world’s first plastic bike path has been created to test their idea.
The Netherlands is famous for being bike-friendly, and the city of Zwolle has just gone a little bit further. On September 11, 2018, the city opened a 100-foot bike path made of recycled plastic. The path is not 100% recycled plastic, but the group that created it, PlasticRoad, hopes future paths and roads will be.
Most roads in the world today are made with asphalt — a black mixture that creates a lot of pollution. Asphalt is heavy to move and must be heated when people are making a road. Using asphalt to make roads takes a lot of energy.
The group says their way of making roads is better in many ways than asphalt roads. It creates their road in pieces in a factory, which are light and easy to move around. To make the road, a special truck simply drives along and lays down the pieces. This makes it much faster to make than an asphalt road. Their road will last three times as long as an asphalt road. And if part of it breaks, it is easy to take out the broken part and replace it. The broken part can then be recycled once more and turned into a new piece again. The plastic road is hollow (空心的) below the surface, allowing rainwater to flow away. The hollow area also makes it easy to run pipes under the road.
Many people think this is a creative way to recycle plastic, but some are worried. One of the biggest concerns is what will happen to the bits of plastic that break off as the path is being used. After all, the world is facing a major issue with microplastics. Some people think plastic roads will create more.
1. What can we know about the world’s first plastic bike path?| A．It was invented by Simon and Anne. |
| B．It was opened in a city of the Netherlands. |
| C．It was entirely made with waste plastic. |
| D．It was made only 100 meters in length. |
| A．It leads to many traffic accidents. | B．It easily becomes soft in the strong sunlight. |
| C．It may take much money and time to make it. | D．It causes much pollution due to its black material. |
| A．It can save time and strength to make it. |
| B．It lasts twice longer than an asphalt road. |
| C．It can be made indoors rather than in the open air. |
| D．The traffic can move much faster on a plastic road. |
3 . While diving in the Mediterranean with his daughters, Enzo was in the water preparing to dive. He felt a gentle push on his back and turned to see a male dolphin waving to him. The dolphin dove, and Enzo followed. About 12 meters down, Enzo was led to the dolphin’s mate, who had become trapped in a fishing net and would soon drown. Enzo quickly surfaced and returned with his daughters and a couple of diving knives. They freed the dolphin and helped her to the surface.
Although Enzo held several free-diving records, it was the lives of sea creatures that concerned him most. Enzo devoted his life to educating the world about the link between healthy seas and healthy humans. He often quoted words of a famous musician named Vangelis: “Until a man learns to respect and speak to the animal world, he can never know his true role on Earth.”
Enzo recalls of his dolphin rescue, “As soon as she (the dolphin) was on the surface, after breathing out foam and blood, she gave birth to a dolphin calf (幼崽) under the watchful eyes of her mate.”
Enzo and his daughters marveled (感到惊奇) at the miracle they had just witnessed. While they were still in the water, the male dolphin circled around and touched its beak (喙) to Enzo’s cheek, like a kiss of gratitude.
The world is full of opportunities that lead to miracles if we only follow those pushes. Next door is a neighbor who needs a smile and a conversation, a child who needs a little comfort, or a young mom who just witnessed her own miracle and would love to share it with you.
1. Why did the male dolphin approach Enzo?| A．To make friends with him. | B．To ask for help. |
| C．To play with his daughters. | D．To warn him of the danger. |
| A．By listing figures. | B．By making classification. |
| C．By making a comparison. | D．By quoting a famous man’s words. |
| A．The male dolphin’s love to his wife. | B．The gratitude from the dolphin. |
| C．The birth of the dolphin’s child. | D．The hurt from humans. |
| A．A Kind Man Dived Deep To Rescue A Dolphin |
| B．The Love Between Animals Is Admirable |
| C．A Dolphin Tried To Save His Own Baby |
| D．We Should Attach Importance To Dolphins’ Health |
4 . Ann’s neighbour Tracy found a lost dog walking around the local elementary school. She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on it. Ann said that she could
Tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400 FOUND fliers and put them in mailboxes.
Four days later Ann was still
“If it hadn’t come to get me, the
The next morning Tracy got a call. A man named Peter
Peter drove to Ann’s house to pick up his dog and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window. After a few moments Peter said, “Maybe Odie was supposed to
| A．accept | B．assist | C．watch | D．train |
| A．However | B．Therefore | C．Thankfully | D．Meanwhile |
| A．challenged | B．warned | C．command | D．revised |
| A．escaping | B．removed | C．recovering | D．dying |
| A．bringing up | B．looking after | C．thinking of | D．worrying about |
| A．rested | B．supported | C．recovered | D．threw |
| A．stared | B．passed | C．rushed | D．followed |
| A．believed | B．found | C．heard | D．remembered |
| A．silent | B．wild | C．crazy | D．bad |
| A．reporter | B．doctor | C．writer | D．owner |
| A．reward | B．hide | C．comfort | D．keep |
| A．appreciated | B．missed | C．recognized | D．concerned |
| A．arguing | B．complaining | C．crying | D．shouting |
| A．saved | B．trusted | C．needed | D．understood |
| A．search | B．find | C．join | D．drag |
5 . When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.
In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults.
A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted.
For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls.
“There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older.
The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings.
1. How does the author introduce the topic?| A．By describing the fun of play. | B．By analyzing reasons for boredom. |
| C．By introducing similar phenomena. | D．By presenting animals’ cute images. |
| A．She trained bumblebees to play balls. |
| B．She put small balls along the pathway. |
| C．She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest. |
| D．She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls. |
| A．Mattered. | B．Helped. | C．Decreased. | D．Emerged. |
| A．Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color |
| B．Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys |
| C．Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature |
| D．Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play |
6 . Environmental issues can often seem overwhelming. We’ve all seen the news headlines about plastic pollution poisoning our oceans and scary climate change statistics. But instead of feeling overwhelmed, I am choosing to be mindful. The easiest place was to start with my home.
Replace your disposables(一次性物品)with reusable things
The first thing you can do is replace all your plastic drinking bottles with a reusable drink bottle.
Food waste is a major issue! Food sits in our landfills and gives off poisonous greenhouse emissions. It’s time to deal with food waste instead of sending them to landfill. This might be as simple as sharing a compost(混合肥料)bin with your neighbors or even using your local community compost. Do a search to see what is around you. Local neighborhoods also have workshops on setting up a compost in your own home.
Shop the outer aisles (通道) of the supermarket
Shopping the outer aisles of the supermarket means that you are buying package-free food. Not only-is this better for the planet, it’s also a healthier option for you and your family.
| A．Reuse and recycle |
| B．Put yourself in a no-spending state |
| C．Set up a processing system that works for you |
| D．The outer aisles are full of fruits and vegetables |
| E．I finally felt in control of these seemingly “out of control” issues |
| F．This is a fun activity that shows we value our precious resources |
| G．Plastic grocery bags can be replaced with reusable cloth grocery bags |
7 . Wildlife crossings don’t just protect animals. They can also mitigate problems related to wildlife-vehicle collisions (碰撞) and save significant money for a community.
Wildlife crossings are man-made structures that help animals move safely around their habitat. They are often paths under or over another existing road or railway, or underground passages for animals to get past for food or avoiding attacks.
Some animals are unable to migrate to survive. People still rely on highways for business and travel, and animals continue to have mobility needs for survival, though. When new roads are built, animals living in a part of their habitat can greatly increase the number of wildlife-vehicle collisions while trying to cross the new barriers.
In a new study, Wisnu Sugiarto, a Washington State University economies doctoral student, examined data for 13 of the 22 wildlife crossings, including bridges and underpasses,in the Washington State. He compared the number of wildlife-vehicle collisions each year be-fore and after the construction of a wildlife crossing. He considered the area within 10 miles of a crossing.
Then he compared his analysis to a separate area in the state with no crossings at all.“The findings reported that wildlife crossing structures reduced the number of wildlife-vehicle collisions by one to three accidents on average per mile per year,” Sugiarto said. “Therefore, building wildlife crossing structures is typically an essential and effective strategy to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions.”
“Prior to working on this research, I wasn’t aware of any strategies to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions. I also thought we couldn’t do much about it, partly because we wouldn’t be able to communicate with wildlife and control their movement,” Sugiarto added, “However, it turns out that there are multiple strategies to deal with issues related to wildlife-vehicle collisions and we can do something about them.”
It is reported that the government has invested $ 350 million over five years for the construction of wildlife crossings. Every wildlife crossing offers a mean benefit of between $ 235,000 and $443,000 each year.
1. What does the underlined word “mitigate” in paragraph I mean?| A．Analyze. | B．Reduce. | C．Study. | D．Discover. |
| A．How the wildlife crossings are built. |
| B．Why wildlife crossings are necessary. |
| C．What should be done to cross the roads. |
| D．When wildlife-vehicle collisions happen. |
| A．Tolerant. | B．Doubtful. | C．Favorable. | D．Unclear. |
| A．Wildlife crossings save wild animals and money |
| B．The size of wildlife crossings affects animals greatly |
| C．Every wildlife crossing has a great effect on road safety |
| D．Wildlife crossings manage to help animals migrate safely |
8 . A United Nations-backed mission is recommending that the Great Barrier Reef(大堡礁) should be added to the list of endangered World Heritage sites, warning that without “ambitious, rapid and sustained”climate action the world’s largest coral reef is in peril.
The warning came in a report published Monday following a 10-day mission to the reef last March by officials from UNESCO and the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
The reef, a living place of great variety and beauty on the north-east coast of Australia, has been on UNESCO’s World Heritage List since 1981.
Australia’s federal government and Queensland’s state authorities should adopt more ambitious emission reduction targets, in line with international efforts to limit future warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) since pre-industrial times, according to the report.
Feedback from Australian officials, both at the federal and state level, will also be reviewed before UNESCO, the U.N.’s Paris-based cultural agency, makes any official proposal to the World Heritage Committee.
The text is criticizing about recent efforts to stop mass bleaching(褪色) and prevent pollution from ruining the reef’s natural waters, saying they have not been fast nor effective enough. Unlimited emissions lead to increased water acidity, which can be poisonous.
More money should be found to increase the water quality and stop the site’s decline, the report concludes.
In an email to AP, the U.N. cultural agency said: “In recent months, we have had a constructive dialogue with Australian authorities. But there is still work to be done.”
1. What does the underlined word “in peril” mean in paragraph 1?| A．in short | B．in need | C．in action | D．in danger |
| A．It needs to be examined by UNESCO. |
| B．It covers successful emission reduction targets. |
| C．It includes many effective measures to protect the reef. |
| D．It has been submitted to the World Heritage Committee. |
| A．Australian authorities’ efforts. | B．Unlimited emissions. |
| C．United Nations’ warning. | D．Money for increasing the water quality. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Satisfied. |
| C．Objective. | D．Uncaring. |
9 . Super typhoon Rammasun swept over Hainan, China, destroying at least 23,000 houses and causing 2 billion dollars in damage. It was not just people who experienced the impact, though. In Hainan Bawangling National Nature Reserve, home to the world’s 30 remaining Hainan gibbons(长臂猿), landslides tore through sections of the forest. The gibbons, a species living in trees, were forced to jump across a distance of up to 50 feet to get from one area to another.
The gibbons sometimes would break their fall only by managing to catch hold of the tip of a particular palm leaf. As months passed, Bosco Chan at the Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden in Hong Kong noticed that constant use caused the leaf to wear and bend downward, threatening to lead to the gibbons crashing down and breaking the extremely rare species’ habitat into different islands. “It’s really a matter of concern. Moreover, I didn’t know how long the leaf would be able to hold the gibbons,” he said. “I thought it was time for us to build something.”
As recently described in Scientific Reports, Bosco Chan and his colleagues turned to aerial(空中的) bridges. They hired professional tree climbers to confront and get over the steep landform to fix a simple bridge, consisting of two parallel mountaineering-grade ropes. It took the gibbons over five months to catch on, but once they learned to use the ropes, they started regularly using them to make safe, quick crossings.
Till now, aerial bridges have been used in other countries to help a diversity of animals ranging from squirrels to capuchin monkeys. But many are small, one-off projects carried out by local organizations or even individuals; with little or no scientific study of what does or does not work. In addition, a solution for one species or habitat may not be applicable to another.
1. What can be learned about Hainan gibbons?| A．They are severely endangered. |
| B．They mainly feed on palm leaves. |
| C．They are good at long-distance jumping. |
| D．They suffer a slight reduction in population. |
| A．Their weak link with nature. | B．Their fear of jumps between trees. |
| C．Their survival affected by typhoons. | D．Their habitats’ likely being damaged. |
| A．Make use of. | B．Get rid of. | C．Take down. | D．Deal with. |
| A．Their importance. | B．Their limitations. |
| C．Their potential uses. | D．Their long-term effects. |
| A．Cold and wet. | B．Warm and dry. | C．Sunny but windy. |
