1 . There is a myth that people can see glass, but birds can’t.
Many people are injured every year. They collide with unmarked doors and windows; embarrassment is the usual result.
Birds can learn to avoid glass. For example, birds in zoo exhibits learn to avoid exhibit walls if the glass is marked for the first few days of their residence.
Birds hit glass because it presents a triple threat. One is that reflections of vegetation or landscape attract birds to collide with glass.
As researchers have begun to understand collisions, they are creating better approaches to reduce impacts on birds. For example, some have documented mortality(死亡) patterns and how they are influenced by lighting, the amount of glass present, the distribution of nearby vegetation, and other variables.
This science has come along way, but many questions remain unanswered. Our efforts on the testing of bird-friendly materials are helping to expand understanding of how birds sec and respond to their environment, and will lead to more effective solutions.
| A．In fact, neither birds nor people can see glass. |
| B．Wild birds can learn about specific pieces of glass. |
| C．Each year up to one billion birds hit glass in the U. S. alone. |
| D．Therefore glass can be the invisible killer of birds in particular. |
| E．So architects and other professionals can design innovative bird-watching buildings. |
| F．Others have looked at the type of structure to identify which poses the most risk. |
| G．Green habitat inside buildings with see-through glass can also trick birds to their death. |
Around
Further research into the problem showed that the ozone layer is being destroyed by gases called CFCs. These gases
The problem of refrigerators and air conditioners has been more difficult
3 . Bosses trying to quickly increase productivity should give up brainstorming meetings and instead invest in office plant, a study has found.
Green plants in offices increase work output by 15 percent, and challenges the “lean philosophy”(极简哲学)which holds that tidy buildings are best for concentration.
In experiments at two large commercial offices in the UK and The Netherlands, it was found that plants significantly increased workplace satisfaction, levels of focus, and air quality. “Simply decorating an office space with plants help to increase productivity by 15 percent,” said lead researcher Marlon Nieuwenhuis.
“This conclusion doesn't agree with the modern ‘lean’ management techniques, yet it points out a path to a more enjoyable, more comfortable and a more profitable form of office-based workings.” She added, “Our research suggests that investing in decorating the office with plants will pay off through an increase in workers’ quality of life and productivity. It directly challenges the widely accepted business philosophy that a lean office with clean desks is more productive.”
Previous studies have shown that the presence of plants can reduce physiological(生理上的) stress, increase the attention span and improve health and well-being.
Researchers studied offices over several months during which plants were removed and added. Professor Alex Haslam, who also worked on the study, added, “The lean philosophy has been influential across a wide range of organizational fields. Our research questions this widespread belief that less is more. Sometimes less is just less.”
Plants are beneficial because a green office makes employees more physically and emotionally involved in their work.
Another researcher Dr. Craig Knight said: “Psychologically manipulating(处理，操纵)real workplaces and real jobs adds new depth to our understanding of what is right and what is wrong with existing workspace design and management. We are now providing a model of a really smart office.”
1. According to the “lean philosophy”, ________.| A．green plants can increase productivity. |
| B．green plants may disturb people’s concentration. |
| C．a beautiful environment is beneficial to productivity. |
| D．green plants will help bosses come up with new ideas. |
| A．it may create a new way of management. |
| B．it will lead to less investment in offices. |
| C．it may lead to a better form of office-based workings. |
| D．it challenges the widely accepted brainstorming meetings. |
| A．The “lean philosophy” is widely adopted nowadays. |
| B．A green office helps employees focus on their work. |
| C．Green plants will make office workers more efficient. |
| D．When it comes to decorating offices, the less the better. |
| A．blame the “lean philosophy”. |
| B．show how to increase productivity. |
| C．Persuade bosses to remove plants from offices. |
| D．indicate the effects of green plants on works’ efficiency. |
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出添加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分. 3. 请在答题卡上作答。
To support the activity named “Green Travel, Start with me”, I talk to my parents about it. They were very supportive, say they would be devoted environment protection. In the following weeks, as they promised, I went to school by bike every day, while my parents went to work on bus. Though we were tired, but we all felt happy. Last Friday, a class meeting was hold. Some parents were invited, including my father and mother. We shared various idea during the meeting. All of us held a same view that environment protection is importance for us.
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It's a long time since we meet last time. I couldn't be happy to hear your intention to come to China for vacation, during which time you will be able to have a taste of our unique “Red Culture”.
Actually, there exist some ideal spots in my hometown what suit your need. The city of Nanchong, situates in the northeast of Sichuan Province, is well-known to a continuous stream of travelers as its scenic view as well as historical significance. With breathtaking scenery or rich “Red Culture” resources, it is certainly my top choice. You can visit a couple of local museum, which will help you have good knowledge of the revolutionary history.
I am sure it will be a wonderful experience and I can't wait to exploring its charm with you.
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
It was a Sunday and the heavy storm lasted all night. The morning before the storm, though, was beautiful: blue skies, warm air and a calm, inviting sea touching the shore gently.
My father realized it was a good day for fishing and invites my sister and me to go with him. I was only 14 and fishing had never been my thing, and I decided to go all the same. I'm so glad I did.
On the road to the harbor we could see the terribly destruction on the coast, but the harbor itself was in fairly good shape. After all, it protected by the arms of a bay that had only one tiny channel to the sea. As we got on the board, we noticed two big humps(脊背)in the distance.
On approached them, we saw it was a mother whale with his baby. We couldn't believe it—there aren't any whales along the coast here. The storm must have driven them across the ocean into the bay, in that the still water was such badly polluted that nothing could survive.
7 . The Amazon rain forest is on fire. There are more fires burning there than ever before. That's according to Brazil's National Institute for Space Research. Using satellites to track deforestation and wildfires, the agency has counted 74,155 fires in the Amazon this year. That's roughly an 84% increase over last year at this time. The effects of the fires are being felt across Brazil. Parts of the country are covered in smoke. In the state of Sao Paulo, heavy smoke caused the sky to go black and blocked the sun on Monday. Other Brazilian states have declared the situation an emergency. One state has been put on “environmental alert.”
Some people think the policies of Brazil's president, Jair Bolsonaro, have led to the increase in fires. He wants to change laws that protect the Amazon so businesses can clear more land for commercial use. Bolsonaro says the fires are blazing simply because “it is the season of the queimada."(Queimada means "burned" in Portuguese. Portuguese is the official language of Brazil.)
But experts say Bolsonaro is wrong. They don't blame the increase in fires on the season. They point to deforestation and a worldwide increase in temperatures. “Trees, if they're stressed out by heat repeatedly, are more susceptible toother kinds of damage,” such as fires, says Deborah Lawrence. She's an environmental sciences professor at the University of Virginia.
Carlos Nobre is a Brazilian climate scientist. He's also an expert in tropical forests. The situation is “very sad,” according to Nobres. “We usually would see this surge of fire in very, very exceptionally dry years,” he says. “The fact that this record—breaking figure comes out in a relatively un—dry dry season shows that deforestation is increasing.”
1. What is the result of this fire?| A．Many people died in this fire. |
| B．Most of the states in Brazil feel the effects of the fire. |
| C．Many trees and animals are destroyed. |
| D．Brazil declared the situation an emergency. |
| A．The Amazon rain forest has few fires this year. |
| B．Some people think the president should take responsibility for the fire. |
| C．Some experts say the fire is caused because of the season. |
| D．Carlos Nobre thinks fires should happen in a very exceptionally dry year. |
| A．Trees are sensitive to some kinds of damage. |
| B．Fires are caused because of the season. |
| C．Deforestation is increasing in the world. |
| D．Fires happened in exceptionally dry year. |
| A．We should take measures to stop fires. | B．What we can do for the fires. |
| C．Fire happens in The Amazon rain forest. | D．Fires cause much damage. |
8 . It flies through the night air. It is silent as it moves through trees and over grasses. It is a drone—a small plane that is operated remotely. Tonight, this drone is on a high—risk mission in South Africa: hunting poachers.
Poaching has caused an environmental disaster. According to a study led by Colorado State University, nearly 100,000 African elephants were killed from 2011 to 2013. Rhino poaching has increased 9,000 percent since 2007 in South Africa alone, according to the World Wildlife Fund.
Now, conservationists are turning to drone technology to fight back. Air Shepherd is a program that flies drone missions in South Africa, Malawi, and Zimbabwe at night. If potential poachers are spotted, teams of park rangers will go to the scene immediately.
Since the program began, Air Shepherd has seen a significant decrease in poaching in areas where its drones operate. And it is currently raising money to expand its operation, says John Pelersen, who is responsible for the program.
Petersen believes that drone technology can turn the tide in the war against poaching. There are certainly challenges though. For one, if poachers get word that drones are going around a particular area, the poachers may simply go elsewhere. Another challenge is training park rangers to use drones effectively. In addition, drones can be expensive to buy and can fly for only a few hours before running out of power.
Still, in the fight to save elephants and rhinos, drones have the potential to be an effective tool.
“These animals have been around for millions of years. They are a significant aspect of who we are and the environment we live in,” says Petersen. “They could be extinct in the wild in Africa in 10 years ...We can't let that happen.”
1. What does Paragraph 2 indicate?| A．The world's environment is getting worse. | B．Elephants are in danger of extinction. |
| C．Poaching has caught public attention. | D．Poaching is a very serious problem. |
| A．It helps discover poachers. | B．It flies drones all day long. |
| C．It was started by John Petersen. | D．It makes money through drone service. |
| A．Inadequate operators. | B．Inconvenience of charging. |
| C．Limited areas of coverage. | D．High expense of operator training. |
| A．His worries about Africa. | B．His determination to fight poaching. |
| C．His belief in drone technology. | D．His pride in what he does. |
9 . A lunch break – it’s an important and often necessary part of our working or school day. And now we’re spoilt (惯坏) with a lot of places to buy our lunch from, all offering attractive dishes and sandwiches to eat on the go.
But our appetite for buying our lunchtime fare is not just costing us money, there might be a cost in terms of damaging our planet too. Just grabbing a sandwich, crisps and maybe a cake and coffee can produce at least four items of waste. Paper boxes, cups, wrappers and plastic knives and forks are all part of our disposable (一次性的) feast in addition to the food waste we create. Some experts say throwing away food, which produces methane (甲烷) as it rots, is a bigger cause of climate change than plastics.
But regardless of what causes the most damage, the solution, according to an environmental campaign group called Hubbub, is to eat packed lunches. Tessa Tricks from the group says “People are saying that they are buying food to take out because life has got busier.” And she says people think they are being more efficient; but she argues that it's usually healthier and cheaper to make your own lunch. It means you can eat the things you really want and make the quantity that you actually need.
Of course, preparing your lunch is another thing to fit into your morning scramble (忙乱) of getting ready for work, so if you haven’t got time and you are going to buy lunch, an alternative that Hubbub suggests is to take your own container to a shop and ask them to put your food in it. The idea of using reusable coffee cups for hot drinks and refilling water bottles has already proved successful, so this could be another step in the right direction.
1. What’s the second paragraph mainly about?| A．It costs a lot of money buying lunch. |
| B．Eating fast food is no good to health. |
| C．Buying lunch leads to great damage to environment. |
| D．Experts give suggestions on eating. |
| A．Stop eating packed lunches. |
| B．Eating what you like. |
| C．Trying to be more efficient in work. |
| D．Making lunch by yourself. |
| A．Buying lunch. |
| B．Taking your own container. |
| C．Using reusable coffee cup. |
| D．Using refilling water bottles. |
| A．Make a full use of lunch time. |
| B．Eating properly to keep healthy. |
| C．Doing what you can to reduce pollution. |
| D．Giving lunch time eating habit a thought to reduce damage to environment. |
Busy Colombians living in a city can be pressured. But there is a place for people to relieve stress in Bogota.
With the hummingbirds flying from flower to flower, some people study them through binoculars (双筒镜) and
“Sometimes it doesn't seem real because we are close to city of eight million residents
Ten years ago, the hill
Hummingbirds can
