1 . When you work out a carbon footprint(碳足迹)，a lot of factors are taken into consideration. For example, driving to the grocery store bums a certain amount of fuel, and fossil fuels are the primary sources of greenhouse gases. But that grocery store is powered by electricity, and its employees probably drive to work, so the store has its own carbon footprint. In addition, the products that the store sells were all shipped there, so that must also be factored into the total carbon footprint. Beyond that, the fruits. Vegetables, and meats that the store sells were all grown or raised on farms-a process that produces methane(甲烷)，which has a greenhouse effect 25 times greater than CO. All of those elements must be combined to understand the full carbon footprint of a given activity.

Although adding up one's own carbon footprint can be difficult, online calculators can do some of the work for you,giving a rough estimate(估算)of your carbon footprint based on the size of your household, the efficiency of your machines, how much you drive or fly, what you eat, and how much you recycle

This isn't perfect, but it is a good way to measure your activities so you can know roughly how much CO₂ they produce and take steps to reduce your carbon footprint.

Methods of reducing your carbon footprint include driving more efficient vehicles (or making sure that your current vehicles are properly maintained), taking public transportation, using energy efficient machines, building your home with special materials to reduce heating and air conditioning costs. consuming food that doesn't require as much transportation, and eating less meat which has a higher carbon footprint than fruits and vegetables. People and companies can also offset some of their CO₂, emissions(排放)by purchasing carbon credits, the money from which can go into projects such as planting trees or investing in renewable energy.

1. By giving the example of the grocery store, the author wants to tell us that____

A．driving to the store burns a certain amount of fuel

B．the greenhouse effect of methane is greater than that of CO2

C．the fossil fuels are the primary sources of greenhouse gases

D．many factors need to be considered when figuring out a carbon footprint

2. Which of the following best explains the underlined word ''offset'' in the last paragraph?

A．make up for

B．make sense of

C．take control of

D．catch up with

3. The passage is mainly about____

A．whether it is possible to reduce the carbon footprint

B．what we can do to figure out the carbon footprint

C．how to estimate and reduce the carbon footprint

D．why we should reduce the carbon footprint

2 . 阅读下而短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wenchuan quake survivor follows in his hero’s footsteps

Twelve years ago, Cheng Qiang was a 12-year-old boy who held a sign    1    (say) ''I want to become an airborne trooper(空中骑兵)when I grow up. ''when he saw airborne troops leave     2    their rescue work in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Now Cheng has become a soldier of the Chinese airborne troops, just    3     he said he would.

Looking back on the day when the earthquake happened, Cheng had a lucky escape as he had skipped school and    4     (go)swimming in a pond in Shifang,Wenchuan.But the earthquake destroyed his home and took away the    5    (life)of his little niece and his classmates.

''We survived but fell into despair, not knowing    6    to do, '' he said. Then on the second day of the earthquake came the moment he will never forget-a large number of airbome troops appeared in his hometown, carrying rescue supplies. Later, he knew Huang Jiguang was    7     at the troop unit.

Huang Jiguang is a Chinese war hero     8    sacrificed(牺牲)himself in the Battle of Shangganling during    9     War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea in 1952. ''Huang and I both come from Deyang, Sichuan province. The airborne troops are just like my family.'' Cheng said. ''So I made up my mind    10    (become)one of them who could bring people strength and hope, '' he said.

3 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is the speaker?

A．An animal keeper.

B．A zoo manager.

C．A park cleaner.

2. What happened that evening?

A．A lion escaped into the zoo.

B．A lion escaped from the zoo.

C．A hurricane blew a lion away.

3. Where was the lion that afternoon?

A．In the zoo.

B．In the police station.

C．In a lady’s garden.

4. What was the lion doing when the keepers saw it?

A．Eating in the bushes.

B．Sleeping in the garden.

C．Playing in the park.

4 . 假如你是李华，你的外国网友Tom打算暑期来盐城旅游，现在他想对盐城有一个初步的了解。请你结合实际情况给他回信，内容包括:
1. 对他表示欢迎；
2. 举例介绍盐城的旅游或文化特色。
注意:
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.信的开头已为你写好。
Dear Tom,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 . 1.Part of northern California had become an inferno(火海) in the latest big fire. A nearby town, Paradise, was reduced to ash. Nearly 50 people are confirmed dead and over 200 missing. Six of the ten most destructive fires in California's history have occurred in the past decade. Last year was the most destructive year on record, until this year. Why is the Golden State so flammable?

2.There are three reasons why California has been surrounded by flames. First, the climate is becoming warmer. This has led to snow melting earlier, drier landscapes and a longer season when fires are likely to occur.

3.A second reason is that more people live in flammable places. Since the 1990s 60% of new homes in California, Washington and Oregon have been built in spaces next to nature. These areas, which environmentalists call the "wildland-urban interface", are at higher risk of wildfire.

4.A third reason is that there is more fuel. Before western settlers arrived, fires used to happen often and naturally, which made less fuel available for future fires. For the past century fires have been controlled well. This has led to a build-up of dry brush, and makes the average wildfire much likelier to turn into a big one.

5.Putting out the flame is the most immediate task for California, but not the last. Many survivors will want to rebuild their homes exactly where they were. Californians will also want to ensure that utility companies(公用事业公司) are acting and investing responsibly. Investigations into what caused the fire are still going on, but some reports suggest it may have begun with sparks (火花) from lines owned by an electricity company.

1. What may directly cause the big fire in California?

A．The warm climate.	B．Living too close to nature.
C．Too much fuel.	D．Sparks from electric wire

2. What does the underlined sentences in Paragraph 1 suggest?

A．The fires in California are all very destructive.

B．The latest big fire in California is very destructive.

C．California suffered from destructive fires most last year.

D．There have been six destructive fires in California in the past 10 years.

3. What does the text mainly talk about?

A．The reasons why California suffered a destructive fire recently.

B．The reasons why California suffered destructive fires frequently.

C．The facts that California is a place easily suffered destructive fires.

D．The opinions that California is a place easily suffered destructive fires.

4. What is the structure of the text?

A．1//2-3// 4-5	B．1-2// 3-5
C．1//2-4// 5	D．1// 2-5

6 . Whether enveloped by the thick smog from factories or unseen poisons from vehicle waste gases, many cities around the world are losing the battle against air pollution．

Somewhere, many people died from breathing in the smoke and harmful gases     1     (pour) into the air．In China and India, the damage of this poisonous air is particularly alarming,     2     (cause) three million deaths in those two countries．As a result, some out-of-breath citizens are turning to bottled air．

Many companies are compressing fresh countryside air into bottles and     3     (sell) it online．It sounds like a joke but the idea is to raise     4     (aware) and it provided people     5     fresh air at a price．One such company is Vitality,     6     collects air from the Canadian Rockies and compresses it into container．Vitality started the business to sell the canned air as joke gifts at first．     7    , the products took off in a     8     ( surprise) way then．So, the manager came up with the business idea     9     they can sell fresh air over the world．The manager of the company   has   made     10     clear that China, India and South Korea have become its main markets．

7 . “Leave a place better than you found it.” It is a _______ philosophy, but one that William Lindesay _______ dear. On April 22, which was also Earth Day, he led twenty _________ to help clean up the Jiankou section of the Great Wall.

“He who _________ is the owner,” William said in the _________ remarks of the cleanup event in 2000. “The Great Wall _________ China, and is also one of the greatest _________ in the world. Everyone has a _________ to protect it. Every day should be Earth Day,” he said.

During the past three decades, he has spent most of his time _________ and exploring the Great Wall and has developed his own __________ to protect the cultural relic.

“It’s a __________ thing that people are going out to enjoy themselves and to __________ the great history and heritage, __________ it’s also quite dangerous if they don’t __________ how fragile (易损坏的) the historical sites are and how fragile the __________ is,” William said.

In 1989, his first __________ Alone on the Great Wall was published, and he has published another five books about the Great Wall since then. In 2001, he __________ International Friends of the Great Wall, a (n) ________ whose efforts are aimed at protecting this __________ to the past.

His next step is to organize exhibitions about the Great Wall as a __________ over the last 400 years. The exhibitions are expected to be held in Beijing, London, Paris and Washington DC.

1.

A．simple

B．traditional

C．historical

D．political

2.

A．pays

B．holds

C．shares

D．questions

3.

A．philosophers

B．writers

C．owners

D．volunteers

4.

A．climbs

B．knows

C．cares

D．admits

5.

A．funny

B．careless

C．closing

D．opening

6.

A．adds to

B．points to

C．belongs to

D．refers to

7.

A．continents

B．structures

C．decorations

D．sculptures

8.

A．duty

B．choice

C．place

D．view

9.

A．walking

B．building

C．designing

D．updating

10.

A．abilities

B．efforts

C．relationships

D．tastes

11.

A．bad

B．small

C．good

D．curious

12.

A．declare

B．analyse

C．affect

D．discover

13.

A．so

B．and

C．or

D．but

14.

A．ask

B．include

C．realize

D．check

15.

A．condition

B．environment

C．situation

D．equipment

16.

A．magazine

B．paper

C．article

D．book

17.

A．founded

B．became

C．introduced

D．owned

18.

A．advertisement

B．association

C．movement

D．corporation

19.

A．contribution

B．reference

C．link

D．devotion

20.

A．monument

B．tool

C．cure

D．target

8 . What do you usually do when a flying insect lands on your arm? You may blow it away. But what if that insect is a ladybug (瓢虫)? It is possible that you would let it stay. What is it about ladybugs that we like?

Farmers once thought ladybugs were a good lucky sign. A ladybug in the field meant the crops would be successful and that the weather would be good. The farmers may have thought too highly of such a small bug, but in fact ladybugs do help out with the crops. They eat harmful insects.

Actually, it is not the adult ladybug that eats other insects. It’s the baby ladybug. When the baby ladybugs hatch(孵化), they are very hungry and will eat mites, aphids, mealybugs, green flies, and other crop-destroyers. In the 1800s, ladybugs were brought all the way from Australia to California and set free among orange trees that were dying from being eaten by insects. They completely saved all the trees.

Ladybugs go about their daily business without worrying much about anything. Very few birds or insects will eat a ladybug because it gives off a dangerous fluid (液体). Ladybugs also protect themselves by playing dead. They fall off leaves and stay still until their attacker goes away.

So the next time you see a ladybug, think about what it may be doing. Maybe it is off to save an orange tree. Maybe its next move will be to roll off a leaf and play dead or stand_up_to a bird about 100 times its size. Maybe it’s letting you know that the weather will be good tomorrow. Who knows? Ladybugs are special that way.

1. Ladybugs were brought from Australia to California in the 1800s to ____________.

A．add more ladybugs to area

B．report the weather for farmers

C．act as a lucky sign of good crops

D．save orange trees by eating insects

2. From the passage we know that _____________.

A．it’ s the adult ladybug that eats most of the harmful insects

B．ladybugs often roll off a leaf and play dead to attack the birds

C．ladybugs can give off a dangerous fluid to protect themselves

D．the baby ladybug mainly eats mites, aphids, mealybugs, and oranges

3. The underlined phrase ＂stand up to＂ most probably means ____________.

A．watch

B．support

C．admire

D．fight

4. Which of the following may the author agree with?

A．Ladybugs do harm to nature.

B．Ladybugs are unusual insects.

C．Ladybugs are dangerous insects.

D．Ladybugs eat more than they should.

9 . Everybody hates rats. But in the earthquake capitals of the world — Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey — rats will soon be man’s new best friends.

What happens after an earthquake? We sent in rescue dogs. Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.

How does it work? First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal (信号). This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.

Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linster at Cornell University, New York, says, “Robots’noses don’t work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don’t need electricity (电)!

The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says, “It would be fantastic. A rat could get into spaces we couldn’t get to and a rat would get out of it if it wasn’t safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course).

1. In the world earthquake capitals, rats will become man’s best friends because they can .

A．take the place of man’s rescue jobs

B．find the position of people alive who are trapped in buildings

C．serve as food for people alive who are trapped in buildings.

D．get into small spaces

2. In doing rescue jobs,        .

A．rats smell better than dogs

B．dogs don’t need to be trained to smell people

C．robots’ sense of smell can be affected by other smells around

D．rats can see in the dark and smaller than robots

3. Rats have all the following advantages EXCEPT that       .

A．they are more fantastic than other animals

B．they are less expensive to train than dogs

C．they don’t need electricity

D．they are small and can get into small places

4. After reading the passage we can know       .

A．at present rats have taken the place of dogs in searching for people

B．the “rat project” has been completed

C．people are now happy to see a rat in a building

D．now people still use dogs and robots in performing rescues

10 . Normally, kids have curiosity(好奇) about everything around them including animals. As a parent you are willing to teach everything to our children because you want to develop their EQ and IQ. But a few people have some troubles in how to introduce animals to their kids. Here I have some advice on how to do that.

1. Visiting a zoo.

This way must be the best choice to choose. If you have free time or maybe on holiday you can take your children to the zoo. Kids usually are excited to see live animals and feed them if possible. It can be an unforgettable moment for your children when they visit so many animals in a place. Parents can describe an animal to their children so they can learn something about that animal.

2. Doing a coloring activity.

If you have not free time or just have a short time, you can choose this. Actually doing animal coloring activity is mostly used by parents and teachers to tell children about an animal. You can download free animal coloring pages through the internet or you can buy your children an animal coloring book.

3. Doing a paper craft.

If it sounds difficult you can skip this method. Just forget it. Generally, the difficulty level depends on your paper craft models. You can find free animal paper crafts on the internet but make sure of the difficulty level. Remember your purpose is not about how beautiful your paper crafts are but to describe an animal to your children.

4. Story telling.

Have you heard about an animal story when you were a child? You still remember it? How about the character of those animals? Yeah! It is still in your mind. You can buy a story book of animals and read it for your children.

There are also many other ways and everything needed here is just the creativity to connect it with the children and make them enjoy and have fun with your activities.

1. What’s the purpose of this passage?

A．To satisfy the curiosity of the kids.

B．To develop children’s EQ and IQ.

C．To give parents and teachers advice on how to introduce animals to kids.

D．To introduce some activities to let parents know more about their kids.

2. In the author’s opinion, which is the best way to let a kid know something about an animal?

A．Visiting a zoo	B．Doing a coloring activity
C．Doing a paper craft	D．Telling a story

3. If you are busy, which activity can you choose?

A．Download some beautiful paper crafts on the internet.

B．Buy your kid an animal coloring book.

C．Give your kid an unforgettable moment to visit many animals in a place.

D．Buy your kid a story book.

4. According to the author, what matters most in whatever activities you design for your children?

A．fun

B．joy

C．imagination

D．creativity