1 . Many children want to have their own pets, but how to be a good pet owner? Besides giving them food and water, what else can we do to give our pets much love?
Provide your pet with the correct diet.
If you prefer to change the previous diet of your pet, do it slowly so that they adjust (适应) properly.
Clean their housing often.
Clean your pet’s home at least once a week and any other times if necessary. Generally, a pet’s home should be clean so it is a good environment for the animal.
Keep your pet clean.
If you have a dog that always plays in the mud, it’s necessary to give it a shower every day!
Train your pet.
Put a collar on your pet with your personal information and the pet’s name. Remember to close the cage door so there is no chance of escaping and being in an unsafe place.
| A．Never hurt or harm your pet. |
| B．Be an owner with a sense of duty. |
| C．No one wants a cat that jumps on the table. |
| D．Animals require different diets based on age. |
| E．Remember that you should check the water first with your hand. |
| F．Water should be fresh, clean and changed daily to keep your pet healthy. |
| G．Without good living conditions, an animal will get sick more, and feel unhappy. |
2 . KK was around five years old when he showed up at the front gate of my house in 2012. And clearly he was used to a life outside. While mostly happy indoors, he did expect to be let out. He would go out and do his things, and then come back and hang out inside until his next need for an outside visit arose.
When Julien, my second cat, showed up in 2013, having two cats wanting in and out at different times was more difficult. After careful consideration, I finally decided to put in a cat door. It allowed KK and Julien to come and go as they wanted without waking me up at 5 am to go outside or at 5:10 am to come back inside. It also saved my door, which KK was always abusing（虐待） as his way of letting me know I was being too slow in opening the door for him or not responsive（应答的） at all.
When my mother passed away in the spring of 2014, leaving her young cat without a forever home, I decided to take her. Once being an indoor/ outdoor cat, Sissy obviously didn't want to suddenly to be kept indoors. She also wanted to be able to get away from the other two cats, as she was used to being in a single cat home.
After KK, Julien and Sissy had all become used to their life of coming and going as they pleased, it pretty much guaranteed（保证） that all future cats would have the same right. And now have seven cats that come and go as they please. Letting my cats go outdoors isn't due to my not caring or getting them out of my head. On the contrary, it is because I love them so much and want them to have the best life possible.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?| A．KK preferred to stay outdoors. |
| B．KK refused to be kept as a pet. |
| C．KK brought lots of trouble to the author. |
| D．KK lived happily with his former owner. |
| A．To make her cats feel safe. |
| B．To prevent cats from damaging her door. |
| C．To welcome some homeless cats. |
| D．To let her cats go out and come back freely. |
| A．Stay by herself. |
| B．Make some cat friends. |
| C．Spend her time indoors. |
| D．Go back to her former home. |
| A．Why I love raising cats |
| B．Why I let my cats go outside |
| C．What I learned from my cats |
| D．What I expected from my cats |
3 . The baobab tree is sometimes called “the Tree of Life." Baobabs grow in Africa and Australia. They are the most famous trees in Africa. Baobabs have very thick, wide trunks （树干）.Often the trunks have large empty spaces inside.
In South Africa, one famous tree had a hole so large that someone built a bar inside it. People could sit inside and order drinks. That tree was known as the Sunland Baobab. It was more than 1,000 years old. It was the biggest baobab in Africa. But in 2017 it fell down. In 2016, another famous baobab fell down and died. It was called the Chapman tree in Botswana.
A recent study shows that the problem is widespread. Adrian Patrut and his team started studying the baobabs in 2005.The team found bad news. In the past 12 years, “nine of the thirteen oldest and five of the six largest have died,” the report found. Sometimes parts of the tree didn't die. But the “oldest parts” did.
Experts aren't sure what is causing the baobabs to die. They think it may be related to climate change. But more research is needed to prove it.
The largest trees need more water and food than smaller baobabs. Patrut thinks that is what puts them at greater danger. More heat and less rainfall could have a big influence on the trees.
In Zimbabwe a fungus（真菌）turns baobabs black before they die. But Patrut's study didn't find signs of a widespread disease. No matter the cause, the loss is huge.
Baobabs are amazing. They are a major food source for people. The trees grow white flowers that open at night. Bats spread the pollen（花粉）and help the trees grow fruit. Their white fruit is called monkey bread. People use it as food and to make cool drinks. People make paper, cloth, and even drugs from baobab bark（树皮）.
1. What do we know about the Sunland Baobab?| A．It was the biggest baobab in Australia. |
| B．It was the oldest tree in the world. |
| C．It fell down in 2016 in Botswana. |
| D．It once had a bar inside it |
| A．More baobabs are dying, |
| B．Old baobabs are going to disappear. |
| C．Trees worldwide have common problems. |
| D．Trees' living environment is getting worse. |
| A．are certain human activities put them in danger |
| B．are sure it is because of climate change |
| C．have proved disease is the main cause |
| D．need to carry out more studies |
| A．The great uses of baobab trees |
| B．The danger of losing baobab trees. |
| C．How baobab trees help other plants |
| D．The importance of protecting the environment. |
4 . One day, I was eating an apple when suddenly, I felt an apple seed in my mouth. I wanted to throw it away. But
I realized I was
It is a（n）
Then it occurred to me that it's quite often so with people's
I picked up the apple seed again -but instead of
| A．still | B．instead | C．also | D．rather |
| A．warned | B．convinced | C．reminded | D．informed |
| A．catching | B．expecting | C．imagining. | D．holding |
| A．potential | B．courage | C．intention | D．patience |
| A．raise | B．bear | C．gain | D．eat |
| A．When | B．How | C．What | D．Why |
| A．rule | B．step | C．order | D．game |
| A．nearly | B．just | C．never | D．always |
| A．prove | B．see | C．show | D．guess |
| A．bury | B．collect | C．produce | D．save |
| A．money | B．earth | C．work | D．water |
| A．conditions | B．dreams | C．chances | D．faiths |
| A．increase | B．change | C．die | D．appear |
| A．explain | B．doubt | C．decide | D．wonder |
| A．grow | B．develop | C．live | D．destroy |
| A．choices | B．goals | C．tries | D．challenges |
| A．or | B．yet | C．So | D．as |
| A．kept | B．helped | C．noticed | D．found |
| A．putting | B．throwing | C．taking | D．giving |
| A．used | B．removed | C．studied | D．planted |
5 . When we look at Earth from space, we see a blue, watery world. It is no coincidence that three quarters of the surface is covered by oceans. Water is very common in the universe and is essential for lives. But life needs water in the form of liquid, not ice, and not vapor and that is a little bit less common.
For a planet to have liquid water at its surface, three things are important. First, the planet needs to be large enough that the force of gravity keeps the water molecules （分子）from flying off into space. For example, Mars is smaller than Earth, so it has less gravity, and that is one important reason that Mars has a very thin atmosphere. Second, the planet needs to have an atmosphere. Without an atmosphere, the planet is in a vacuum （真空）,and liquid water isn't stable in a vacuum. For example, our moon has no atmosphere, so if you spill some water on the moon, it will either boil away as vapor, or freeze solid to make ice. Third, the planet needs to be at the right distance from its star.
If you were an alien astronomer, you'd think Venus is a pretty good bet for life. It is the right size. It has an atmosphere and it is in the habitable zone of our sun. But Venus is not habitable, at least not at its surface. It is too hot, because Venus' atmosphere is full of carbon dioxide, an important greenhouse gas. In fact, its atmosphere is almost entirely carbon dioxide, and almost 100 times thicker than our own. As a result, the temperature on Venus is hot enough to melt lead, and the planet is dry as a bone.
So finding a suitable planet for humans to live on is only a beginning. Don't expect much.
1. What do we know about water from the text?| A．Water has two forms. |
| B．Water is a necessity for humans. |
| C．It is common to see liquid water on the moon. |
| D．Water flies into space easily with the help of gravity. |
| A．It is very hot | B．It has no atmosphere |
| C．It is far from the Sun | D．It is smaller than Earth |
| A．Positive. | B．Passive. |
| C．Hopeful. | D．Desperate. |
| A．Water changes its forms. |
| B．A living problem on Venus. |
| C．The research of an alien astronomer. |
| D．Conditions for a habitable globe for humans. |
6 . Our open-top tours enable you to fully appreciate vibrant （充满生机的）Brighton and its renowned seafront, its best shopping areas, and the top-class restaurants at Brighton. Discover the city across 15 stops located to get you to visit it all!
Places of interest
Brighton City Sightseeing Tour takes you to visit one of the south-coast's most popular resorts. This city offers many things to do and places to go, from the striking Royal Pavilion, Regency architecture, and Victorian aquariums, to the famous Brighton Pier, Sea Life Centre, and pebble beach.
Tours
Buy your 24h ticket online and hop on and off our comfortable double-deckers as much as you like, to get to know the city at your own pace . You can also buy a Tour Plus ticket which includes all day travel on the local Brighton & Hove buses.
The hop-on and hop-off tours start just west of Brighton Pier. Further information including a lull timetable and map of the route is available at www. city-sightseeing, com.
Accommodation
If you need to stay, Brighton & Hove has a wide variety of options to suit all tastes and budgets. There are guest houses and bed and breakfasts in Brighton & Hove. This is a bustling （热闹的）area of the city with independent restaurants, antique shops and a lively village atmosphere and just a stone's throw from the beach. Pub Entertainment
If you are looking for some entertainment to go with your drinks then there are plenty of options at pubs in Brighton. Mrs. Fitzherbert's regularly has live bands playing and the Ladies' Mile host swing & jazz nights. Above the Grand Central you'll find the Nightingale Room with a regular program of events including theatre and comedy.
1. Where will you choose to visit if you are interested in ocean animal?| A．Royal Pavilion. | B．Brighton Pier. |
| C．Regency architecture. | D．Sea Life Centre. |
| A．It used to be a village. | B．It has many old shops. |
| C．It is very peaceful area. | D．It is not far from the beach. |
| A．Having drinks. | B．Watching comedies. |
| C．Performing with actors. | D．Enjoying a live play. |
7 . Do you still remember Jurassic Park, an amazing movie where science brings dinosaurs back from extinction? Now some very smart scientists are working on a way to revive, not dinosaurs, but other extinct species like the woolly mammoth （长毛象）using the gene editing technology known as CRISPR.
As an evolutionary biologist, obviously, it would be amazing to bring back extinct creatures. But even if we can bring them back, we are not going to be able to control how they evolve in the future. No man is an island and neither is any other creature. We need an ecosystem in order to survive. So we can think a lot about the examples of reintroducing species into the environment, like the gray wolves into Yellowstone. Ecology is very complicated and it certainly wasn't important when we first introduce rabbits into Australia, which was a total disaster eventually.
All animals like birds and mammals have to learn from their parents. If we bring them back to life, who are going to be around to teach them? We have examples where in California we've had the reproduction of the condors （秃鹰）.What scientists tried to do is to feed the babies using a mother condor puppet. When these poor creatures were released into the wild, they had an unnatural liking for humans. They didn't behave the way they should have, for condors.
According to Performing Animal Welfare Society, a healthy elephant costs about $70,000 per year to care for and an elderly elephant costs a good deal more. Of course, we are not talking about one. We're talking about many creatures. I don't think these creatures will have a future.
1. Why does the author mention the film in the first paragraph?| A．To recall an amazing movie. |
| B．To promote some extinct species. |
| C．To introduce the topic to be discussed. |
| D．To get to know some intelligent scientists. |
| A．Humans need a balanced ecosystem to survive. |
| B．To bring back extinct creatures was an unwise idea. |
| C．Helping endangered species proves to be beneficial for humans. |
| D．There were all sorts of positive effects about reintroducing species. |
| A．Condor. | B．Gray wolf. | C．Rabbit. | D．Elephant. |
| A．Is Jurassic Park an Amazing Movie? |
| B．What do Creatures Need to Survive? |
| C．Should We Bring Extinct Animals Back to Life? |
| D．How does an Evolutionary Biologist Protect Animals? |
8 . The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?| A．A new study of different plants. |
| B．A big fall in crime rates. |
| C．Employees from various workplaces. |
| D．Benefits from green plants. |
| A．To detect plants’ lack of water |
| B．To change compositions of plants |
| C．To make the life of plants longer. |
| D．To test chemicals in plants. |
| A．They will speed up energy production. |
| B．They may transmit electricity to the home. |
| C．They might help reduce energy consumption. |
| D．They could take the place of power plants. |
| A．Can we grow more glowing plants? |
| B．How do we live with glowing plants? |
| C．Could glowing plants replace lamps? |
| D．How are glowing plants made pollution-free? |
9 . Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.
A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
Here’s how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.
After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估) a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分) of the smaller number to it.
“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, ”Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they’re doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”
1. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?| A．They fed them. | B．They named them. |
| C．They trained them. | D．They measured them. |
| A．By drawing a circle. | B．By touching a screen. |
| C．By watching videos. | D．By mixing two drinks. |
| A．They could perform basic addition. | B．They could understand simple words. |
| C．They could memorize numbers easily. | D．They could hold their attention for long. |
| A．Entertainment. | B．Health. | C．Education. | D．Science. |
10 . Many of us know about Russia’s Lake Baikal from our textbooks, or by listening to Chinese singer Li Jian’s hit song, Lake Baika. But over the past decade, the world’s deepest freshwater lake has been in the spotlight for an extreme sport.
Each March since 2005, about 150 people from around the world sign up for the Baikal Ice Marathon. They come to explore the lake’s breathtaking beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable conditions. The 26-mile (41.84-kilometers) journey starts on the lake’s eastern shore. In March, the ice is a meter thick and iron-hard. Runners cross this frozen surface, finishing on the western side of the lake.
Known as the “blue eye of Siberia”, Lake Baikal has exceptionally clear waters. This means its ice is almost perfectly transparent (透明的). “Seen from above, a runner on the ice looks as if he or she were jogging through space.” The New York Times noted.
The landscape might be beautiful, but it’s also harsh. Strong winds blast (侵袭) across the lake and frostbite can occur within half an hour. Runners say the cold climate is what draws them. They want to test their limits.
“When you are in such an environment, you don’t have cars around you, and you don’t have the noise around. I think these extreme races allow you to be alone with nature.” Alicja Barahona, a 64-year-old runner from the US, told ABC news.
The location offers some strange and unique characteristics for this marathon. The finishing line is visible from the start, but the endless white offers no progress markers. The race also ends with little fanfare (隆重的欢迎). Tourists crowding the ice are mostly addicted to snapping selfies (自拍) and just ignore the runners.
For some runners, the absence of spectators makes the race more challenging, because it’s lonely. They must fight with themselves. “You are alone on Baikal. It is your race. You are alone with yourself. All you need to do is to defeat yourself.” Veronique Messina, a French runner, told the Telegraph.
1. What can we know about the Baikal Ice Marathon from the article?| A．It takes runners from the northern end to the southern end of the lake. |
| B．It involves extreme weather and beautiful scenery. |
| C．It attracts more and more participants each year. |
| D．It is about 26 kilometers in length. |
| A．Only men are allowed to run in this race. |
| B．The runners are often distracted by tourists. |
| C．There are many progress markers on the ice. |
| D．The runners can see the finishing line from the start. |
| A．The cold climate. | B．The long distance. |
| C．Noisy surroundings. | D．Loneliness. |
| A．5. | B．4. |
| C．3. | D．2. |
