2 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1.

A．To reduce the environmental footprint of their diet.

B．To reveal their declining interest in food switching.

C．To keep themselves in good shape for their age.

D．To encourage themselves to follow the trend.

2.

A．Steak.	B．Fish.
C．Chicken.	D．Pork.

3.

A．Follow a vegetarian diet.

B．Eat moderate amounts of chicken.

C．Rank the prices before eating meat.

D．Choose chicken or fish when eating meat.

4 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Rock Climbing — conservationists’ new concern

Now, with its first appearance at this year’s Tokyo Olympics, the once minority sport is set to reach new heights. Yet the popularity of rock climbing and its sister sport, bouldering (where climbers scramble up large rocks without the use of ropes or safety belts), is raising questions about the damaging environmental effects of climbing chalk — a common and essential climbing tool.

Made from magnesium carbonate (碳酸镁), climbing chalk is the same substance that gymnasts and weightlifters use to improve their grasp on bars and weights. In fact, it was first introduced to rock climbing in the 1950s by John Gill. Since then, amateur and professional climbers alike have come to depend on the chalk’s properties of removing water and increasing friction (摩擦力) — and have been leaving long stripes of the stuff on rock faces around the world.

The resulting “chalk graffiti” has become so bad in the United States that parks are beginning to restrict its use. Utah’s Arches National Park allows only colored chalk that mostly matches rocks, while Colorado’s Garden of the Gods National Natural Landmark banned all chalk and chalk substitutes.

Beyond the visual pollution, new research suggests chalk may be harming the plants that grow on rocks. The latest study on the effects of climbing chalk, released October 2020, found that it negatively impacted both the growing and survival of four species of ferns and mosses (蕨类和苔藓) inhabiting rocks in laboratory settings.

That matters because some climbing spots, such as erratic boulders (the study’s focus), host unique ecosystems. These unpredictable boulders — rocks scattered across the globe by large masses of slowly flowing ice at the end of the Ice Age — are islands of vegetation, different from the land they sit on.

It’s not even clear whether chalk improves climbing performance at all. Some papers found no additional grip benefits, while others found the opposite. Some climbers may find it helpful, says Daniel Hepenstrick, a co-author of the 2020 study and a doctoral candidate at ETH Zürich.

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5 . Elephants On The Move

Over the past couple weeks, like many, I have been keeping close tabs on the wandering Asian elephants in southwest Yunnan Province.

    1     A total of 144 emergency personnel and police have been deployed, as well as 139 dump trucks, 22 bulldozers, 70 emergency vehicles and 13 drones capable of real-time surveillance. More than 3,400 people from 1,329 households have been relocated, and 1 ton of food has been handed out.

To divert the elephants from densely populated towns and cities, local people have erected barriers in some places and installed electronic fences in others. To ensure the fences are safe, workers initially tested them on themselves. Most of the time people resort to more subtle tactics, such as leaving trucks of maize and pineapples in select locations to lead the animals to less- inhabited areas.

    2    

Promoting an ecological civilization has always been high on the government’s agenda. Since 1958 when the country set up one of its earliest national nature reserves in Xishuangbanna to protect elephants, more than 10 new reserves have been created, covering 4,253 square kilometers.

    3     The elephants used to feed on sugar cane and maize, which are being replaced by pineapples and dragon fruits planted by local farmers. The change suggests the elephant-human relationship may be positive.

Thanks to protective measures, over the past three decades the number of wild Asian elephants in Yunnan has doubled from 150 to 300. During the 1990s, they were primarily found in 14 towns, but this number has grown to 55.

The gradual expansion of the species over a larger area, while a sign of improving ecology, also fuels the need for more food, which increases instances of encroachment (蚕食) on farmers’ plants. Local governments are studying how to compensate farmers who have suffered losses as a result of the migrating pachyderms.

    4    

A．For one thing, the information is a testament to the meticulous (小心翼翼的) efforts local governments have made to ensure safe passage for the migrating mammals.

B．In a certain sense, all these facts and figures speak volumes for the heightened ecological awareness and capacities of local governments and people.

C．The effectiveness of these efforts can be seen in their dietary changes.

D．In a dramatic way, the elephants’ tour is educational, offering researchers and residents alike an intimate glimpse of their behavioral patterns.

E．As the giants continue their tour, they would be noted by more people, with a strong ecological message about people and elephants living in harmony.

F．Thanks to coordinated efforts between local governments, a lot of timely measures have been taken.

8 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

We had several monkeys on board, but Jack was the prince of them all. As he grew tame, he got more liberty, till he got the whole range of the ship, except the captain’s and the passengers’ cabins. I     1    (awaken) at an early hour by the quick steps of feet. It was Jack chasing around. He would seize the hats     2     the sailors’ heads, and threw it to the sea. He would steal their knives and other tools, which,     3     not very actively pursued, he would sometimes throw overboard. When breakfast was preparing, Jack used to sit in a corner, and when the cook’s back was turned, take something from the fire.

He sometimes burned his fingers by these tricks, and this kept him quiet for a few days. But no sooner had the pain been gone, to no one’s surprise,    4     the same thing was done again. Two days in each week, the pigs, which formed part of our livestock,     5     (allow) to run about for exercise; and then Jack was as happy as the day was long.    6     (hide) himself behind a bucket, he would suddenly spring upon the back of one of them, which then ran around in a fright.

Besides Jack, we had on board three little monkeys with red skins and blue faces. Once, Jack attracted     7     (small) one to him. Then, seizing him with one hand, with the other he took the brush and covered him with white paint from head to foot! As soon as Jack saw that he was discovered, he dropped his wet-through brother, and ran up to the main-top,     8     he stood looking at what was going on below with his nose between the bars.

Jack was afraid to come down, and only after three days passed     9     hunger force him to come down. He chose the moment when I was sitting on deck, he dropped suddenly into my feet, looking so piteously (可怜地) at me for pardon, that I not only forgive him     10    , but saved him from further punishment. Soon after this, I took another ship, and Jack and I parted, never to meet again.

9 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. shortages   B. preparation   C. happening   D. spread       E. light F. ploughs     G. arrival       H. frightened   I. commodities   J. regularly     K. blocked

It’s interesting that the     1     of snow has an effect on people in different countries. For some countries it is an important     2     to celebrate each year, while for others a catastrophe (灾害) .

But there are countries between these two kinds that normally expect snow sometime over the winter months, but never receive snow     3     or in the same quantities every year. Britain is one of them, for which the arrival of snow quite simply creates problems. Within hours of the first snowfalls, however     4    , roads are     5    , trains and buses have to stop in the middle of the way. Normal communications are affected as well: telephone calls become difficult and the post immediately takes more time than usual. And almost within hours there are also certain     6     -- bread, vegetables and other things -- not because all these things can’t be produced or sent to shops, but mainly because people are     7     and go out and store up with food and so on -- “just for fear that something bad should happen”.

Why then does snow have this effect? After all, the Swiss, Austrians and Canadians don’t have such problems. It is simply because there is not enough plan and    8    . We need money to buy equipment to deal with snow and ice. To keep the roads clear, for example, requires snow ploughs and machines to     9     salt. The reason why a country like Britain does not buy some     10     is that they are only used for a few days in any one year, and the money could be more useful in other things such as hospital education or helping the old.