1 . Not much trash and almost no plastic actually gets recycled. About a third of U.S. garbage gets recycled, according to the Environmental Protection Agency’s most recent estimate. The rest goes to landfills, which release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and pollute their surroundings.
To make recycling easier, many U.S. cities don’t ask Americans to separate paper, glass, metal and plastic. ‘They just ask people to put anything recyclable into one bin and let waste plants do the sorting. But waste plants don’t catch everything. AI is now an essential tool for the world’s waste management leaders. Greyparrot, a tech company has already installed more than l00 AI trash spotters in about 50 sorting facilities.
Greyparrot’s device is, basically, a set of visual and infrared (红外线的) cameras hooked up to a computer, which monitors trash as it passes by on a conveyor belt and labels it under 70 categories, from loose bottle caps to books to aluminum cans. Waste plants could connect these AI systems to sorting robots to help them separate trash from recyclables more accurately. They could also use the AI as a quality control system to measure how well they’re sorting trash from recyclables. That could help plant managers adjust their production lines to cover more recyclables, or cheek that a bundle of recyclables is free of pollutants, which would allow them to sell at a higher price.
In the next few years, some recycling companies plan to retrofit (改良) thousands of material- recovery facilities with Al trash - spotting tools. Of these companies, Bollegraaf has built thousands of these facilities, including 340 in North America, accounting for a majority of the recovery plants in the world.
The trash-spotting computers could one day help regulators punish companies that produce tsunamis of non - recyclable packaging because the AI systems are so accurate that they can identify the brands on individual items. Putting the AI tools in thousands of waste plants can raise recycling percentage. If the needle can be moved by even 5 to 10 percent, that would be a phenomenal outcome for greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impact.
1. What does the author want to show in paragraph 1?A.People pay little attention to environmental protection. |
B.Greenhouse gas is a major contributor to air pollution. |
C.Americans show little enthusiasm for recycling. |
D.All trash has not been recycled in the US. |
A.By working with sorting robots. |
B.By adjusting the production line. |
C.By monitoring the conveyor belt. |
D.By controlling cameras in a computer. |
A.They are well received. |
B.They are highly profitable. |
C.They have unpredictable prospect. |
D.They present a challenge for regulators. |
A.The Use of the Useless |
B.AI Assistants in Recycling |
C.A Pressing Trash Issue in US |
D.AI Tools with Great Potential |
2 . Students at Eindhoven University of Technology didn’t just want to build a car that wouldn’t pollute the air; they wanted to create one that could actually clean it up.
The college team has just exhibited a battery-powered car that absorbs CO2. Their car, called the Zem, is equipped with a special filter (过滤器) that cleans up the CO2 produced by other cars on the road.
The Zem was born out of a challenge to build a completely carbon-neutral vehicle. Its body panels (金属板) were 3D printed to reduce waste and minimize the production of CO2. Recycled plastics were also used throughout the outside and inside. The car’s powertrain, which consists of small battery packs and a 22-kWh motor, also makes use of regenerative braking to increase efficiency.
The real difference maker, though, is the vehicle’s special CO2 filter. The Zem purifies (净化) the air through the special filter while driving, capturing the CO2 and storing it. It is able to absorb two kg of CO2 for 20,000 miles a year, meaning ten cars could store as much carbon dioxide as an average tree — a significant amount when considering the world’s billion cars are currently one of its leading sources of emissions.
Even if the technology isn’t adopted, the team hope that their car can inspire automakers to start making cleaner vehicles. “We want to encourage the industry by showing what is already possible,” the leader of the team said. “If 35 students can design, develop and build an almost carbon-neutral car in a year, then there are also opportunities and possibilities for the industry.”
The Zem is the second zero-emission vehicle we’ve seen come out of the Eindhoven University of Technology. Last year, another team of students created the Stella Vita, a solar-powered vehicle that could travel up to 450 miles a day. We can’t wait to see what the school’s students come up with next.
1. Why can the Zem absorb CO2?A.It is battery-powered. | B.It has a special filter. |
C.It is created by using 3D printing. | D.It has reusable body panels. |
A.It is time-consuming. | B.It is financially secure. |
C.It is physically demanding. | D.It is environmentally-friendly. |
A.It can capture the CO2 and dispose it. |
B.It is able to absorb CO2 as much as a tree. |
C.It has a huge potential to reduce pollution. |
D.It can run 20,000 miles on a single charge. |
A.Invest in research. | B.Inspire confidence. |
C.Innovate further. | D.Introduce technology. |
1. 活动的理由及目的;
2. 学生的具体做法;
3. 发出倡议。
注意:1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
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The Student Union
1.时间和地点;
2.逃生技能;
3.活动效果。
注意
1.词数100左右
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last weekend, fifty volunteers from our school go to help promote garbage classification in Sunshine Community. Various activities held to spread the knowledge of garbage classification. After arrive at the community, we recommended the official account we created it on WeChat to local residents. Meanwhile, some volunteers put down posters and gave out brochures. Beside, we started to sort garbage in several trash can and collected recyclable waste from door to door. After a long day of hard work, the locals had a better insight into garbage classification but raised their environmental awareness with the help of us. Back to school, the organizer shared an event online to make it wide known.
6 . The milk carton, made from layers of paperboard and plastic first, appeared in 1952 and soon replaced glass bottles. They were far lighter, could be piled and distributed more easily, and more significantly, they were found to have 78 percent less of an impact on the climate than glass bottles. The Tetra Pak cartons, with a layer of aluminum foil(铝箔) that allowed heat –treated milk to remain fresh, followed in 1961.
However, every technology has drawbacks and those of plastics are becoming painfully obvious. Landfills are stuffed with bottles and cartons, and trillions of pieces of plastic float in the world's oceans.
Carton makers are far from the only contributions to the ballooning volumes of packaging waste. In some ways, they're encouraging recycling. However, it is not universal even in Europe, only 47 percent of materials from the 37 billion cartons, made for European countries in 2016 were recycled.
Cartons are also stuck in a broader paradox(悖论): as economy advances, people tend not only to recycle more but also to consume more. Croatia’s overall recycling rate for packaging in 2016 was 55 percent, compared with Germany’s 71 percent, but the average German produced four times as much packaging waste as the average Croatian.
In theory, cartons are fairly recyclable. When pulped (打成浆) in liquid, their various layers are separated into paper, plastic and metal. All of them can then be turned to other uses. In practice, recycling is currently unfeasible for cartoons, because a cotton is carefully bonded and constructed often with a plastic lid and a straw fixed to the side.
This means carton makers need to do more to make their products not only useful but also sustainable. This involves stronger links with recycling factories and waste companies to ensure that containers they pump into the world are returned and reused. In the long term, they face a huge technological challenge to get to what Tetra Pak says is its ultimate aim -- to construct cartons entirely out of renewable materials.
1. What's the purpose of Paragraph 1?A.To provide examples. | B.To introduce the topic. |
C.To make comparisons. | D.To present the argument. |
A.Their materials are not recyclable. |
B.Carton makers lack environmental awareness. |
C.There are no recycling regulations in the world. |
D.Consumption increases as recycling rate rises. |
A.Urgent. | B.Expensive. |
C.Impracticable. | D.Unimaginable |
A.To come up with new ways to reuse plastic |
B.To make their products, the market leader. |
C.To set up a new standard for the materials |
D.To seek cooperation with recycling and waste companies. |
Save the Earth
Without the Earth we have nowhere to live, along with many other organisms. If we don’t save the Earth
We could plant more
We could try to get as many people as possible to switch to other energy using
Recycling is one of the simplest ways
The world is precious and we need to keep it that way.
1. 自然灾害造成的损失惨重;
2. 我们应该掌握有关自然灾害的知识并做好充分准备;当自然灾害来临时,要坚定信念,并团结一致,保持镇静,努力自救和帮助他人。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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