1.海洋的重要性；
2.保护海洋的倡议；
注意：1.写作词数应为100词左右；
2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。
Our Oceans, Our Responsibility
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
2 . Off the coast of Formentera, an island, lives seagrass that stretches 15 kilometres. The seagrass, covering several hectares, is made up of a single organism. The grass is also long-lived, for tens or hundreds of thousands of years. Along with two other kinds of coastal ecosystems — mangrove swamps (红树沼泽) and tidal marshes, seagrass meadows are particularly good at taking carbon dioxide from the air.
This role was highlighted in a report, which was published on March 2nd by UNESCO, on blue carbon — the carbon taken in by Earth’s oceanic and coastal ecosystems. In total around 33 billion tons of carbon dioxide, about three quarters of the world’s emissions in 2019, are locked away in the planet’s blue carbon sinks. Research by Carlos Duarte, the report’s author and a marine (海洋的) ecologist, has shown that one hectare of seagrass can take in as much carbon dioxide each year as 15 hectares of rainforest.
One reason that blue-carbon ecosystems make such effective sinks is that underwater forests are thicker than the land-based woods. They can also trap (收集) floating pieces and organic matter, which settles on the sea floor and can double the amount of carbon stored away. They have another advantage, too. Climate change is leading to more wildfires around the world. As forests burn, their carbon stocks are released back into the atmosphere. Unlike forests on land, blue-carbon ecosystems do not burn.
Blue-carbon ecosystems may not be fired, but they remain affected to other sorts of disasters. In May 2020 hurricane Amphan destroyed 1,200 square kilometres of mangrove forest. A marine heatwave in Australian waters in 2010 and 2011 damaged around one third of the world’s largest seagrass meadow in Shark Bay. “Mangrove forests can weaken or control waves and provide natural barriers to storm surges. Protecting and expanding them, then, appears to be a must,” said a marine biologist.
1. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?| A．The detailed explanation of blue carbon. |
| B．The special features of the seagrass. |
| C．The doubt about the blue-carbon ecosystems. |
| D．The capacity of the blue-carbon ecosystems to store carbon. |
| A．There are more underwater animals. |
| B．Their carbon stocks are released back. |
| C．They have great ability to absorb carbon. |
| D．They aren’t influenced by natural disasters |
| A．Humans should preserve blue-carbon ecosystens. |
| B．Mangrove forests can strengthen waves. |
| C．Mangrove forests are too strong to be broken. |
| D．Blue-carbon ecosystems can be fired. |
| A．Blue-Carbon Ecosystem Are Expanding Much Faster |
| B．The Grasses Can Store More Carbon Than Your Expectation |
| C．Mangrove Forests Can Control Waves Efficiently |
| D．Plants in the Ocean Are Better at Storing Carbon |
3 . Climate change is making people sick, according to a pair of influential reports on the connections between global warming and health.
Dr. Renee Sala, an emergency room physician at Massachusetts General Hospital, says governments who want to support public health must stop financially supporting the fossil fuel industry. “Climate change and air pollution have the same root cause—the burning of fossil fuels,” she says.
Longer, more intense heat waves are a particularly deadly effect of global warming around the world, and older people are most at risk. Over the past 20 years, the number of people over 65 who have died as a result of extreme heat has increased more than 50%, the Lancet report says. At least 296,000 people died because of heat in 2018, the most recent year for which global data are available.
According to the same survey, more countries are providing climate and weather information to doctors and hospitals. Helping hospitals and doctors prepare for climate-driven disasters is increasingly important. Sala says the 2020 pandemic (疫情) made clear how ill-equipped the public health equipment is to handle major disasters. She says the failures of the health system this year in the US should be a wake-up call to spend more money protecting health, especially in communities where poor people have been exposed to pollution and denied adequate health care.
Dr. Georges Benjamin, director of the American Public Health Association, says the global economic recovery from the pandemic is an opportunity to adapt to climate change. For example, urban areas without green space are increasingly dangerous heat islands that trap hot air and pollution. Planting trees, reducing highway and industrial pollution and investing in new housing are all ways to address (应对) climate change, he argues. “It’s preventable,” Benjamin says. “We don’t have to live this way.”
1. How does the author develop the third paragraph?| A．By giving examples. | B．By listing figures. |
| C．By making comparisons. | D．By proving causes and effects. |
| A．It improves health care for doctors. |
| B．It helps them to prevent climate change. |
| C．It is a wake-up call to improve the health system. |
| D．It can prepare them for the climate-related disasters. |
| A．People’s health is connected with climate change. |
| B．Economic developments threaten the environment. |
| C．Action should be taken to deal with climate change. |
| D．The 2020 pandemic offers a chance to adapt to climate change. |
| A．Society. | B．Technology. | C．Health. | D．Economy. |
4 . Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.
Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses （球场） in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.
There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.
Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free.
1. Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?| A．Cycling around a lake. |
| B．Motor racing in the desert. |
| C．Playing basketball in a gym. |
| D．Swimming in a sports center. |
| A．It is popular in Portugal and Spain. |
| B．It causes water shortages around the world. |
| C．It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes. |
| D．It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green. |
| A．it is an outdoor sport |
| B．it improves our health |
| C．it uses fewer resources |
| D．it is recommended by experts |
| A．show us the function of major sports |
| B．encourage us to go in for green sports |
| C．discuss the major influence of popular sports |
| D．introduce different types of environment-friendly sports |
The number of gunners, however, grows rapidly. Children too young to develop proper judgments through independent thought are led a long way away by their gunning parents. They are subjected to advertisements of gun producers who describe shooting as good for their health and guncarrying as a way of putting redder blood in the veins (血管). They are persuaded by gunner magazines with stories honoring the chase and the kill. In school they view motion pictures which are supposedly meant to teach them how to deal with arms safely but which are actually designed to stimulate (刺激) a desire to own a gun. Wildlife is disappearing because of shooting and because of the loss of wildland habitat (栖息地). Habitat loss will continue with our increasing population, but can we slow the loss of wildlife caused by shooting? There doesn’t seem to be any chance if the serious condition of our birds is not improved.
Wildlife belongs to everyone and not to the gunners alone. Although most people do not shoot, they seem to forgive shooting for sport because they know little or nothing about it. The only answer, then, is to bring the truth about sport shooting to the great majority of people.
Now, it is time to realize that animals have the same right to life as we do and that there is nothing fair or right about a person with a gun shooting the harmless and beautiful creatures. The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony of dying can make nobody happy. If, as they would have you believe, gun-carrying and killing improve human-character, then perhaps we should encourage war.
1. According to the text, most people do not seem to be against hunting because ________.
| A．they have little knowledge of it |
| B．it helps to build human character |
| C．it is too costly to stop killing wildlife |
| D．they want to keep wildlife under control |
| A．form | B．condition | C．pain | D．sadness |
| A．teach them how to deal with guns safely |
| B．praise hunting as character-building |
| C．describe hunting as an exercise |
| D．encourage them to have guns of their own |
| A．blame the majority of people |
| B．worry about the existence of wildlife |
| C．be in favour of war |
| D．be in support of character-building |
