1 . This season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 million acres of land. At least 25 people have been killed and 2000 homes destroyed. According to the BBC, this is the most casualties(伤亡) from wildfires in the country since 2009. The University of Sydney estimates that 480 million animals have died in South Wales alone.

Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season. “The drier conditions combined with record high temperatures in 2019 created main conditions for the disastrous fires. Australia’s fires were worsened by the combination of those two. 2019 was the perfect storm for being the warmest year on record for Australia and the driest year on record for Australia,” Hausfather added on Friday.

Kevin Trenberth, a senior scientist at the US National Center for Atmospheric Research, said warmer ocean temperatures are also contributed to more variable weather around the world. Trenberth believes that global warming contributed to energy imbalances and hot spots in the oceans, which can create a wave in the atmosphere that locks weather patterns in places, causing longer rain events in Indonesia, for example, and at the same time contributing to drought in Australia. He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or more, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer.

Climate experts stress that climate change is not the only factor in the severity of wildfires. How land is managed can also impact the amount of fuel available for fires. Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area. Changing those policies has great potential to limit future damage from wildfires along with changes to how fire management resources are dispatched(派遣).

1. What do the numbers in paragraph 1 show?

A．The causes of Australian fires.

B．The results of Australian fires.

C．The damaged areas of Australian fires.

D．The property destruction of Australian fires.

2. Which of the following best explains “more susceptible to” underlined in the second paragraph?

A．Quick to adapt to.	B．Sure to cause.
C．Sensitive to.	D．Easy to be protected from.

3. What can we infer from Trenberth's research?

A．Global warming is the root cause of the bushfires.

B．Longer dry weather contributes to global warming.

C．Warmer ocean temperatures promote fires spreading.

D．The imbalanced energy leads to the temperature rising.

4. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?

A．To stress the effects of Australia fires.

B．To show the methods for controlling burns.

C．To predict the seriousness of Australia fires.

D．To provide some advice about reducing damage.

3 . A new research shows human activity is changing the sound of the Earth's oceans and seas. Scientists say the sound changes of our oceans, seas, and other waterways affect many marine (海洋的) animals - from very small shrimps to huge whales.

Sound travels very far underwater, Francis Juanes, an ecologist at the University of Victoria in Canada, told the Associated Press. For fish, he explained, sound is probably a better way to sense their environment than light. Sounds help fish and other marine animals survive and communicate with each other. Sounds also help some ocean animals find food and avoid their hunters.

However, increased noise from humans is making it harder for these animals to hear each other. The noise is coming from shipping traffic, underwater exploration, and other noisy human activities. For many marine animals, their attempts to communicate are being masked by sounds that humans have produced. Experts explain that masking happens when one or more noises in the water block sound important to a marine animal's living. The overall number of marine animals has gone down by about half since 1970. Some studies show the stress from human noise might also affect the immune system as well as reproductive health or behavior. Imagine having to raise your kids in a place that's noisy all the time," said Joe Roman, a marine ecologist at the University of Vermont.

"When people think of problems facing the ocean, we often think of climate change, plastics, and overfishing. But noise pollution is another thing we need to be monitoring. Sound pollution may be easier to deal with than other ocean problems," Scientist Juanes says. "If we make something for the ocean, think about how to make it quieter."

1. Why is sound underwater important for ocean animals?

A．It changes with light.	B．It helps them judge and contact.
C．It travels very fast.	D．It guides fishermen to find where they are.

2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?

A．Underwater exploration must be stopped.

B．Kids exposed to noise can’t be healthy.

C．Human noise brings stress to marine animals.

D．Marine animals have got used to sound changes.

3. What is the author's purpose of writing the text?

A．To introduce the principle of sounds.

B．To draw attention to ocean noise.

C．To show the effects of human activities。

D．To share a method of studying oceans.

4. What will the author probably tell us in the following paragraph?

A．How to protect marine animals.

B．What is the main cause of sea pollution.

C．How to keep the number of marine animals.

D．What to do to reduce sound pollution in the ocean.

4 . 6月8日，你校举办了庆祝“世界海洋日”的宣传活动，请你就此为校英文报写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动过程（设计海报、听报告等）；
3.活动意义。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

World Oceans Day

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . 阅读下面文段，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置上。

While thousands of college students headed for warm climate to enjoy sun and fun during their week off from classes, seven local students had other plans.

The Northern Essex Community College (NECC) students and one of their teachers spent part of their spring break in New York City, helping repair an area     1     (destroy) by the hurricane. “I wanted to see for myself what happened,” said Terry. “I couldn’t imagine    2    it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the    3    (power) effect the hurricane had on those people. I wanted to do something, to understand their feeling of helplessness.” The group headed into Brooklyn’s Red Hook district, which was hit hard by the hurricane. There they met people from other parts of the country,     4    had also volunteered to help. Together, those volunteers and the NECC students worked     5     (clear) rubbish out of a three-story building. They put on protective suits and gloves    6    they entered the building.

Inside the building, the students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building     7    (lie) all over the place.

The students returned to school with     8    sense of achievement, a feeling     9    they helped people in need. I was remarkable how a community lost so much and was still able to recover, and this left the deepest impression    10    the students.

7 . Why will the man go to the beach?

A．For cooking.

B．For swimming.

C．For cleaning.

8 . Earth's longest artificial structure is usually said to be the Great Wall of China while the second-longest is not a wall, but a fence. It stretches for 5,614km across eastern Australia and is intended to stop the country's wild dogs, the dingoes, from hunting sheep.

Australia's dingo fence does not stand alone. Millions of kilometres of fences wrap the world. Some are intended to limit the movement of animals, some the movement of people, and some merely to mark the the boundary.

Until recently, data on the effects of fences on wildlife have been inadequate. That has changed with the publication of a report by professor Alex McInturff. One discovery he has made is that more than half of published fence research focuses on just five countries-America, Australia, Botswana, China and South Africa. A second is that only a third of these studies examined the impact of fences on anything other than the target species involved, meaning the animals purposely intended to be kept in or out.

Non-target species, however, are often those that have their fortunes most greatly reshaped by the appearance of poles and wire. Australian fences intended to keep out dingoes are also barriers to long-necked turtles, which travel great distances over land when moving between nesting sites. In Botswana fences built to spare cattle from wildlife-borne disease result in serious interference with wildebeest (角马）migrations.

Not every creature fares badly. Hawks (鹰）in Montana gladly sit on newly built livestock fences to hunt small animals, while fence-based spiders in South Africa outperform their tree-based cousins when it comes to catching insects.

Often, though, the winners are creatures that cause trouble for existing ecosystems. Keeping dingoes out of large parts of Australia has allowed aggressive red foxes to multiply. Native rodents (啮齿类动物）have suffered as a result. Some have been brought to the edge of extinction.

1. Which is a purpose of building fences?

A．To expand the boundary of a country.

B．To protect livestock like sheep and cattle.

C．To stop wild animals from being hunted.

D．To help people move around freely.

2. What can we learn about the studies on fences?

A．Data on the impact of fences have been proved.

B．50% of the studies focus on just five countries.

C．Previous researches were complete and systematic.

D．About two-thirds of the studies focus on the target animals.

3. Which animals unexpectedly benefit from fences?

A．Cattle in Botswana.	B．Wildebeest in Botswana.
C．Red foxes in Australia.	D．Native rodents in Australia.

4. What is the writer's attitude to the fences around the world?

A．Disapproving.	B．Favorable.
C．Objective.	D．Cautious.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的恰当形式。

Environment means all the     1     (nature) surroundings such as land, air, water, plants, and other things. Healthy environment not only keeps the nature's balance but     2     (help) in growing and developing all the living things on the earth. Besides natural environment, a man-made environment also exists,     3     deals with the technology, transportation, housing, urbanization, etc. However, nowadays, some man-made technological advancements are spoiling the environment in many ways, finally     4    (disturb) the balance of nature. We are keeping our lives in danger as well as     5     (exist) of life in future on this planet.

If we do anything in a wrong way out of the discipline of nature,     6     disturbs the whole environment. Due to some bad and selfish activities of the human beings, our environment is getting     7     (affect). Man-made environment affects the natural environment     8     such a great degree that we all must be together to save it.

The components of the natural environment are used as a resource by the human being     9     (basic) to fulfill some physical needs. We should not challenge our natural     10     (resource) and should value them and use them by staying under the natural discipline. We all must take efforts to protect our natural environment to keep it safe as usual forever.