2 . 假定你是学生李华，为增强学生保护野生动物的意识和提高其积极性，你校将举办一次以“保护野生动物”为主题的英语征文比赛。请你以Protecting the Wild Animals为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 保护野生动物的重要性；
2. 提出合理建议(至少两点)；
3. 发出呼吁。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Protecting the Wild Animals

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3 . An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds.     1     In other words, earthquakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer. The energy stored within is suddenly released.

The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property.     2     Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.

    3     Fortunately, however, most of them are unnoticed to the public because of the small Richter scale (震级). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, can cause millions of dollars in damage.

    4     In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn’t have the money necessary to rebuild it.

The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster.     5     In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep away everything in their path.

A．Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year.

B．It is in the fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs.

C．Throughout history, there are numerous destructive big earthquakes.

D．If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destruction.

E．So it is of great importance to predict the movements of the earth plates.

F．If one plate is slowly forced under the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart.

G．The destructive damage of an earthquake can continue for years after the first shake.

4 . 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Earth Day is an event    1    (annual) celebrated on April 22.     2    (found) by Senator Gaylord Nelson, an American politician and environmentalist, it was originally aimed at helping the public to know the current situation of air and water pollution and    3     (get) people to care about the earth.

In1962, Rachel Carson’s bestselling book “Silent Spring” created an    4    (aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides (农药) . Then, a fire,     5     broke out in 1969 on Cleveland’s Guyahoga River, shed light on the problem of chemical pollution in water. Senator Gaylord Nelson dreamed of    6    similar large event that would get people to take environmental issues seriously. In 1969, he was inspired by protests against the Vietnam War and came up with the idea for Earth Day.

In the fall of 1969, Nelson announced it and appealed to the entire country to get involved. Consequently, telegrams, letters and telephone calls    7    all over the country poured in. Since 1970, Earth Day celebration have grown. Later, Nelson    8    (award) the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his work.

Today, Earth Day is celebrated around the world every April 22. Sometimes numerous communities celebrate Earth Week, an entire week of    9    (activity) focused on the Environmental issues. In 2017, the March for Science    10    (occur) on Earth Day(April 22, 2017) and was followed by the People’s Climate Mobilization (April 29, 2017).

5 . Many people regard sharks as dangerous monsters. But human beings cause a far greater danger to them than they do to us. Although shark attacks do occur, they are quite rare. According to a survey, however, humans kill 100 million sharks every year.     1    

Why should we save the sharks?

Sharks take up the top position on the food chain in the ocean. As sharks die off, the population of the animals that sharks eat will increase. This, in turn, means that the number of the creatures those animals eat will drop.     2     Fish that eat algae (藻类) are also included. This can cause algae to spread so much that it damages coral reefs (珊瑚礁).

    3     The ocean not only produces more oxygen than all the rainforests on Earth combined, but also removes half of the man-made greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. Once sharks die off, the global ecosystem will be upset, affecting all creatures including human beings.

Don’t use shark products

First, vitamin energy drinks and leather goods can be made from shark parts.     4     In addition, shark meat is sold around the world, sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or whitefish.

Shark fin soup is a popular dish. However, the process of getting fins is cruel. Fishermen cut the shark’s fins off and then throw the shark back into the water, still alive.     5     Sharks breathe by swimming, so a shark that can’t swim will die.

A．Actually, the killing of sharks will affect the whole planet.

B．Shark oil is also used in many popular beauty products.

C．Then the shark dies slowly, sometimes over several days.

D．It is time for children to learn about sharks.

E．People in some countries are especially keen on shark products.

F．This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out.

G．Among them are some sea fish that humans eat every day.

6 . 假设你是李华，某国际学校学生会主席。下周二校会你校将举办英语演讲比赛，主题为“践行低碳生活，从我做起”。请你写一篇英文演讲稿。内容包括：
1. 你对低碳生活的理解；2. 具体做法；3. 发出倡议。
注意：词数80左右。
参考词汇：emission 排放；carbon dioxide 二氧化碳；低碳生活 a low-carbon lifestyle

Hello, everyone! I am Lihua.

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That’s all. Thank you!

7 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

On a hot September afternoon, Peter and his friend Isabel were on their way to the library. When they passed by Tubman park, Isabel suggested cutting through it to get to the library. As they entered the park, the sight of the swings and the merry-go-round brought back a flood of memories of their childhood spent there. But now everything looked so old, sad, and dirty. Litter lay on the ground next to an overflowing trash bin. There were still young schoolchildren playing there but they had to avoid the trash that littered the playground. A little boy told them that the city took the other trash cans away and the remaining one never got emptied often.

As they headed toward the library, the two high school students wrinkled their forehead. In the library, they met Mrs. Evans, their kind­hearted fifth-grade teacher, retired yet still passionate. Mrs. Evans listened as Isabel and Peter eagerly explained what they’d seen. Finally, she recommended them to go to the Go Green, a non­profit organization whose goal is to protect the environment, for help. “This group is good at raising money for projects just like yours,” said Mrs. Evans. She promised to present their ideas to Go Green. Hearing this, their face lit up.

Two main tasks remained ahead: researching ways to clean up the park and preparing a convincing speech. As Isabel was good at researching while Peter always had a talent for speaking, they worked together quite well. Isabel learned from a science magazine that a new type of trash bin can squeeze the trash down without being emptied often, which saves time, money, and energy. Based on this, Peter practiced his speech over and over again.

注意：
1、所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2、续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1

A week later, Peter stood nervously at the back of the hall where Go Green was meeting.

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Paragraph 2

After the meeting, Isabel excitedly told Peter the good news.

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9 . As one of the biggest topics of the last decade, sustainability has become the beacon (灯塔) of hope to protect the planet. From supermarkets taking action on plastic packaging to the zero waste movement that can be practised from your kitchen, changes made by individuals and organizations across the globe have had an impact on the way we think, shop and live.

So what does that mean for the world of technology? You’d be forgiven for thinking that the words “sustainable” and “technology” don’t usually go hand in hand. E-waste is, after all, one of the planet’s biggest contributing waste streams. Not only that, but the materials that go into technology products are also part of the problem.

But with a challenge comes an opportunity, and there’s already some brilliant progress happening — great news for those of us wanting to be more sustainable with our technology. Firstly renewed products are having its moment. While consumers would previously turn their noses up at the idea of a second-hand device, there’s been a huge surge in demand for renewed technology products. The second major step in tackling the problem of e-waste is a change in attitudes from owning a product to subscribing for one. A subscription for a smartphone might sound like a foreign concept, but it’s already gaining momentum. At the forefront of this movement is a London-based technology startup, which offers a subscription service for the latest smartphones. As customers aren’t paying to own the phone at the end of their contract, the monthly price is significantly lower than average.

Studies show that extending a phone’s lifespan from one to four years can decrease its environmental impact by about 40%. So the next time it comes to refreshing your device — whether a smartphone, a laptop, a tablet or something else — consider the more environmentally friendly options that are at your fingertips.

1. What’s the purpose of paragraph 1?

A．To change the way we think, shop and live.

B．To introduce the topic of sustainability in technology.

C．To tell us what people have done to protect the planet.

D．To call on people to do something for the environment.

2. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A．High-tech products are in short supply.

B．E-waste contributes to the biggest waste streams.

C．The two sustainability problems in technology.

D．Ignoring sustainable technology is unforgivable.

3. What is present consumers’ attitude towards a second-hand device?

A．Supportive.	B．Unacceptable.
C．Sympathy	D．Doubtful.

4. How can we become sustainable in technology according to the text?

A．By upgrading the old one.

B．By subscribing for a smartphone.

C．By spending less money on a smartphone.

D．By replacing the old one with the latest one

10 . China and India are leaders in improving global tree cover, a new study based on NASA research showed.

They took a 31.8 percent part together of the total global new leaf area between 2000 and 2017. China played a major role, adding 25 percent to this increase, and India added 6.8 percent, followed by Canada and Russia.

The study in the Nature Sustainability journal shows that more than 5.5 million square kilometers of green leaf area was added globally. Since 2000, there has been a 5 percent increase in global green cover, it said.

“The greening over the last twenty years shows an increase in leaf area on plants and trees which is as large as the area of the entire Amazon rainforest,” Chi Chen, a Boston University researcher and leader of the study told Nature Sustainability. Large plantation activities to protect forests in China contributed nearly 42 percent to the country’s green cover, and agriculture (农业) added another 32 percent. In India, 82 percent of the increase in leaf area was because of agriculture.

“China and India take up one-third of the greening, but hold only nine percent of the planet’s land area covered in green plants,” Chi Chen told NASA Earth Observatory. “That is a surprising finding, considering the land degradation (退化) in countries with large populations.”

Boston University’s research team first detected an increase in global green cover in the 1990s but were unsure what contributed to the increase. Finally, with the help of NASA’s Terra and Aqua satellites research, they managed to find out the increase in leaf cover from different areas and places.

1. Which country contributed to the largest increase in the global new leaf area?

A．India.

B．China.

C．Russia

D．Canada.

2. For what purpose did the author mention the Amazon rainforest?

A．To show the major role of rainforest.

B．To explain the reason for developing agriculture.

C．To describe the difficulty in protecting forests.

D．To stress the great increase in global green cover.

3. What did Chi Chen think of the new finding?

A．Worrying.

B．Interesting.

C．Unexpected.

D．Meaningless.

4. What does the underlined word “detected” probably mean?

A．Imagined.

B．Discovered.

C．Studied.

D．Doubted.