2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The public nowadays has a     1    （misunderstand）of forest fires,     2    （believe） that fires should be kept out of every type of forest. Many of us can recall Smoky the Bear’s famous warning: “Remember, only you can prevent forest fires”.     3    ， that’s not always the case. Under the right conditions, and when conducted safely, fire can create many environmental benefits as well as help prevent larger,     4     (control) wildfires.

After a forest fire, many wildlife species will move into     5    （recent） burned areas to feed on these newly available foods. Some reptiles and amphibians such as the pine (松树) snake prefer forests frequently     6    （burn） by fire.

If you are asked to picture the forest floor,     7     do you see? Pine needles, cones, leaves, branches might come to mind—all sources of fuel. If these fuel sources build up     8    any type of removal, the ‘fuel load’ can lead to fires catastrophic to forests and people alike. In contrast, prescribed fire can be used by forest professionals every couple of years to keep forest fuels at an appropriate and manageable level. They can also minimize the spread of pest    9    （insect） and disease and remove unwanted tree and plant species. Plus, they can create and maintain important wildlife habitats rich in grasses and promote     10    growth of trees, wildflowers and other various plants.

3 . 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

When I worked as a nurse, I was on day duty and while my friends were on night duty. On one shift, I remember I sensed something just before going off duty at 11am. I had brought the ward sister her morning tea, so I put down the tea tray. The tray rattled and fell through the window. At first I thought I had accidentally knocked it over, but then I felt the whole building shook and patients screamed.

I realized that we were in the grips of a tremendous earthquake. I caught hold of a nearby patient, who was terribly frightened by it. I pushed her under the bed and held the bed in place while I got under it myself. I then pulled a blanket down between us. As soon as it settled, I decided to try and get the patient safely outside, I carried her out and helped her down to the lawn, where several other people now had gathered.

I knew the ward sister was with another patient, so I went back inside the building. When I reached the ward sister, I found her patient couldn’t walk. We made a seat for her by linking our hands and arms, and carried her outside together. We went back through the building to check no one was left behind. Almost all of the patients had been able to get themselves out of our ward, as far as I knew.

Once our ward was cleared, a doctor called for volunteers to go down to the isolation ward with him to help more people. Another nurse and I went down there. The first thing we saw was a bath in the hallway, We came to the ruined ward. The doctor went in ahead of us through the remains of what had been a doorway. He found one of the nurses partially covered with rubble (碎石). She was still alive so we began to clear the rubble away. Suddenly the aftershock struck. The doctor ordered us to leave. This brave man intended to stay with the trapped nurse and risk his own life.

注意：1. 所叙写的短文词数应为150左右；
2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 叙写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 叙写完成后，用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

We were determined to save the nurse with him together.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Later in the afternoon I had time to look around, and saw the ruined building.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4 . 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When a tornado(龙卷风) touched down in a small town nearby,many families were left completed ruined. Afterward all the local newspapers carried many human-interest stories featuring some of the families who suffered the hardest.

One Sunday, a particular picture especially touched me. A young woman stood in front of an entirely shattered(破碎的) mobile home, a depressed expression on her face. A young boy, seven or eight years old, stood at her side, eyes downward. Clutching(紧握) at her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera, eyes wide with confusion and fear.

The article that went with the picture gave the clothing sizes of each family member. With growing interest, I noticed that their sizes closely matched ours. This would be a good opportunity to teach my children to help those less fortunate than themselves. I stuck the picture of the young family on our refrigerator, explaining their difficulty to my seven-year-old twins, Brad and Brett, and to three-year-old Meghan.

“These poor people now have nothing,” I said. “We’ll share what we have with them. I brought three large boxes down from the room upstairs and placed them on the living room floor. Meghan watched seriously, as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods.

While I sorted through our clothes, I encouraged the boys to go through their toys and donate some of their less favorite things. Meghan watched quietly as the boys piled up old toys and games.

Meghan walked up with Lucy, her worn, much-loved rag doll hugged tightly to her chest. She came to the box that held the toys, pressed her round little face into Lucy's flat, painted-on-face, gave her a final kiss, then laid her gently on top of the other toys.

“Oh, Honey,” I said.” You don’t have to give Lucy. You love her so much.”

Meghan nodded seriously, eyes filled with held-back tears. "Lucy makes me happy, Mommy. Maybe she’ll make that other little girl happy,too.”

Paragraph. 1:

The boys had watched,open-mouthed,as their baby sister placed her favorite doll in the box.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph. 2:

I looked my children for a long moment.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 . NOT that long ago, the world wondered whether clean energy could survive without government support. Now the question is how far it can spread. The number of electric vehicles. which was about 1 million in 2015, last year reached 2 million. In electricity generation, too, trend is with the greens. In the first half of this year wind, solar and hydro generated a record 35% of Germany's power.

Greater success is breeding greater ambition. California is proposing to reach 60% renewable energy by 2030: 176 countries have clean-energy goals. Hawaii, America's most oil-dependent state, has promised to be 100% renewable by the middle of the century. So have 48 poor countries vulnerable to climate change. This week the number of multinationals making a commitment to running their operations on 100% renewable energy rose to 100.

But not every target is helpful. To see why, consider that goal of 100% renewable energy. It makes solving climate change seem easy. In fact, though wind and solar can generate the whole country's electricity some day, renewables still account for less than 8% of the world's total power output. Moreover, cleaning up electricity is only part of the battle. Even though gas-fired heating and cooking can be at least as big a source of greenhouse-gas emissions, renewable heating gets little attention. Transport policy is unpredictable, too. Carmakers may hit their goal of annual sales of 10 million electric vehicles in a decade, but battery-powered road transport, shipping and aviation are dreams. A much-quoted claim that America could rely on wind, solar and hydro alone for its electricity has recently been bitterly criticized by a group of respected academics.

Most importantly, a 100% renewables target confuses means with ends. The priority for the planet is to stop net emissions（净排放量）of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide. Putting too much emphasis on wind, solar and other renewables may block off better carbon-reduction paths. After decades of investment, it is wrong to leave nuclear power off the table. Carbon emissions in Germany actually rose because it chose to phase out nuclear power gradually and so burned more coal. New technologies, such as "direct air capture" systems designed to separate carbon dioxide from the air, may in time prove vital. Likewise, greater energy efficiency could reduce emissions by even more than using renewables would.

1. It can be inferred from the passage that       .

A．the problem of climate change will be solved by using 100% renewable energy

B．with new technologies, Germany successfully cut down carbon emissions

C．it is probable that ships will one day be powered by battery

D．America is not likely to completely rely on wind, solar and hydro energy one day

2. According to the passage, carbon emissions may be reduced by       .

A．promoting energy efficiency

B．blocking off carbon-reduction paths

C．using non-renewable heating

D．abandoning electric vehicles

3. The underlined phrase "phase out" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to       .

A．ignore

B．reduce

C．use

D．invent

4. In which column can this passage be read?

A．Fashion

B．Politics

C．Economy

D．Education

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

As we all know, there are many kinds of pollution all over the world, air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution and so on. Although we can't save the world in a short time, we can take   some measures to protect     1    . For example, we can prevent people throwing litter; we can sort the rubbish in the community; we can drive less and produce less carbon dioxide.

    2     (actual), there is a new recycling program at our school, which aims to help us create     3    better environment. The recycling we've planned is simply a three-part program: sorting, collecting and delivering. The first part — sorting is also the     4     (hard) one. Most people don't like taking the time to do the     5     (separate) of the rubbish and this is usually why most recycling     6     (program) fail. However, we have reasons     7     (believe) that our words will work. From now on, instead of seeing the usual black rubbish cans all over the school, you     8     (see) three different colors of rubbish cans. Pink cans are for paper, blue cans for bottles, and white ones for all other waste. After the rubbish     9     (sort), it needs to be collected and then taken     10     different rubbish recycling centers.

7 . Major causes of record fires sweeping across the Amazon rainforest this month include the dry season and human activities, according to research institutions and media reports.

The rainforest is typically wet and humid, and the frequency of fire activity usually rise each year since July — the onset of the dry season, and peaks in September and decreases in October as the rainy season approaches.

However, data from the Brazil’s National Institute for Space Research (Inpe) showed that the number of forest fires in Brazil soared by 82 percent from January to August this year from a year ago, and over half of those fires occurred in the Amazon rainforest. A total of 71,497 forest fires were registered in the country in the first eight months of 2019 , up from 39,194 in the same period in 2018, the Inpe said.

Human activities have led to the recent increase of fires, some experts have noted. The view was echoed by many, though they were divided over who actually conducted the activities. On Friday evening, Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro pledged “zero tolerance” of environmental crimes, adding that the Armed Forces troops and resources will be mobilized from Saturday to help put out the fires.

Earlier this week, Bolsonaro blamed non-governmental organizations for increasing wildfires in the Amazon rainforest in the country’s north. His claim was refuted (反驳) by environmentalists, who argued that the surge of fires was a result of increasing deforestation and burning fueled by the governments anti-environmental policy. Alberto Setzer, an Inpe researcher, told local news site G1 that all the fires are results of human activities some accidental while others intentional.

Scientists and environmental groups are worried that the fires will aggravate climate change crisis and threaten biodiversity. The emergency has now transcended (越过) Brazil’s borders , reaching Peruvian, Paraguayan and Bolivian regions.

1. What is the main idea of the text?

A．The text explains the major causes of the Amazon fires.

B．The text aims to arouse human’s awareness of protecting the Amazon.

C．The text is intended to call on people to help the Amazon.

D．The text is expected to warn other countries of the Amazon fires.

2. Which of the followings is not the main causes of the Amazon’s fires?

A．The dry weather.	B．The intentional deforestation.
C．The natural disasters.	D．Some accidental human activities.

3. What can we infer from Paragraph Three?

A．Similar to that in 2018, the frequency of fire activity will peak in September in 2019.

B．Compared with those in 2018, fires have happened more frequently in the first eight months in 2019.

C．There are more fires in 2019 than in 2018.

D．All of the big fires have happened in the Amazon rainforest.

4. What may Alberto Setzer agree with?

A．Non-governmental organizations are responsible for wild fires in the Amazon rainforest.

B．The Amazon rainforest fires may be attributed to human activities.

C．We should pledge “zero tolerance” of environmental crimes.

D．The fires will influence Brazil’s bordering countries.

8 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The powerful Hurricane Barry weakened but remained a weather nightmare on Tuesday. It     1     (strike) parts of Arkansas with at least six    2     (inch) of rain and caused flash flooding that drowned     3    animal shelter and killed a puppy.

Heavy rains were falling. The Humane Society of Clark County issued an SOS after flooding drowned its recently rebuilt shelter.“SOS!We are flooded.It's on the building! ”the official said in a Facebook post.“We need help! Can any of you keep a dog    4    two at your houses? Help!Help!Help!" Video from the scene showed wet dogs wandering loose in the shelter, the floor covered in water. Many offered their homes and yards    5    the animals. A short time     6    (late), the official posted an update on Facebook         7    (say) foster homes have been found for all 72 dogs.“We are so blessed! People from all over have come to     8     (we) rescue. Donations. Cleaning.Fostering.It's really    9     (impress)." the post said. After the rainfall, a ray of sunshine shone brightly in the states    10    the storm burst last week.

9 . Lego is considering a brick (积木) rental plan in an attempt to cut down on plastic waste. The Danish toymaker has promised to make all its bricks from sustainable (可持续的) sources by 2030 and is investing significant resources into finding alternatives.

Tim Brooks, vice-president responsible for sustainability, said the company was “totally open” to the idea of a product rental plan but admitted that lost pieces could produce a significant problem. “What are the chances of giving them to an eight-year-old child and getting them all back again?” Mr. Brooks added.

“There is a lot of technical thinking that needs to be done. We are right at beginning of that.” Mr. Brooks said Lego was exploring several ideas with a view to producing the highest value from products while consuming the least amount of resources. He said many would “probably never see the light of day” and there was no current plan to try out a rental plan.

Lego has come under increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint among growing international alarm about the impact of plastic waste on the environment. It produces 19 billion pieces per year—36, 000 a minute—that are made entirely of plastic while much of the inside packaging is also plastic.

So far, the only breakthrough has been the development of a line of bricks made from plant-based plastic sourced from sugarcane. The green trees, plants and flowers were first included in Lego sets late last year but make up only 1%-2% of the total amount of plastic elements produced. Henrik Nielson, a production supervisor (主管) in Lego’s factory, said last year: “We need to learn again how to do this.”

Lego reportedly releases around a million tons of carbon dioxide each year, with about 75% coming from raw materials that go into factories. The company has invested more than 100, 000,000 euros and hired 100 people to research non-plastic alternatives. It is aiming to keep all of its packaging out of landfill by 2025.

1. Lego is making great efforts to ________.

A．promote its brick rental plan	B．raise its production efficiency
C．explore ways to reduce plastic waste	D．develop new products

2. According to Mr. Brooks, Lego’s brick rental plan ________.

A．is well under way	B．has a long way to go
C．is totally useless	D．goes against Lego’s interest

3. The writer tells of Lego’s stress of reducing plastic waste by means of ________.

A．figures	B．examples
C．comparison	D．classification

4. What is Lego’s attitude towards developing non-plastic alternatives?

A．Defensive.	B．Determined.
C．Disapproving.	D．Doubtful.

10 . Garbage sorting has become a hot issue around China, especially after Shanghai began carrying out a regulation on July 1.

Beijing, as a forerunner in environmental protection, has thus been expected to follow suit. The capital of the country has long been campaigning for sorting and recycling household waste, as part of its environmental drive for sustainable growth, local media reported.

The current regulation gives garbage sorting responsibilities to government departments, property management groups and other organizations. It also gives rules for companies, outlining how they’re responsible for waste collection, transportation and treatment. Only individuals are not subject to responsibilities.

The long-awaited revision will soon change the situation, “Taking out the trash without sorting it properly will be illegal,” said Sun Xinjun, director of the Beijing Commission of Urban Management. In Shanghai, violators are now fined up to 200 yuan ($30)for trash-sorting violations. The maximum fine in Beijing will not be less than that, he said.

The Beijing city government first set out to promote garbage sorting in 2009. Authorities have since called on citizens to sort their household waste into four types-recyclable waste, kitchen trash, dangerous waste and others-and leave it in a corresponding dustbin or trash can. Blue-colored dustbins signify items within are recyclable, green represents kitchen trash, red corresponds to dangerous materials and grey to other waste.

To promote the awareness of garbage sorting and expand the base of participants, authorities have employed workers to help residents on the spot. With intelligent devices, those who throw in recyclable waste at given sites will be rewarded with bonus points, which can be used to buy daily goods. At some communities, there are no color-coded dustbins. Instead, a scheduled garbage collection service is offered to help improve the environment. In other communities, workers offer a door-to-door service to collect recyclables or kitchen waste.

Beijing Environmental Sanitation Engineering Group has been promoting new garbage sorting facilities such as recycling cabinets and smart kitchen waste trash cans since 2016, Xinhua News Agency reported. Nearly 26,000 metric tons of household waste is generated across Beijing on a daily basis and 29 terminal garbage disposal facilities are working at full capacity. Nearly 9.3 million tons of household waste was processed in the city last year.

1. According to the passage, which dustbins should some used coke cans be thrown into?

A．Grey-colored dustbins.	B．Red-colored dustbins.
C．Green-colored dustbins.	D．Blue-colored dustbins.

2. We can learn from the passage that ________.

A．new technology has been applied to help deal with garbage

B．Beijing carried out a more severe rule on garbage sorting than Shanghai

C．the change of the current regulation has aroused objection among citizens

D．the amount of household waste in Beijing is far from something disturbing

3. What is the best title for the text?

A．How to Sort Garbage in China	B．The Current Regulation in Beijing
C．Garbage Collection in Beijing	D．Waste Recycling Project Counts

4. The passage can be sorted as ________.

A．a book review	B．a travel brochure
C．an environment report	D．a geography essay