1 . Parenting styles have shifted over the years with the rapid changes in the world. Nowadays parents generally spend more time in finding out how best to raise their child whether it’s through technology or tried-and-tested parenting practices.
With easy access to countless websites and social media groups interested in parenting, modern parents are capable of finding answers to their questions, from managing a baby’s cries to communicating with a moody teenager. This increased availability (可利用性) of resources has made parents more involved in their children’s academic, emotional, and social development. They are also more eager to find out effective parenting methods to help them raise well-behaved and confident children.
A modern parenting style that has appeared is helicopter parenting, where parents are too much focused on their children. They help children with tasks that children can do on their own, like selecting activities and friends for them, or calling their teachers about homework matters. Such a parenting style can stifle the development of the children’s ability to handle responsibilities independently. Children might be ill-equipped with life skills such as making the bed, clearing their plates or doing their schoolwork. Always protecting children from failures may also stop them from developing adaptability and gaining skills like problem-solving.
On the other hand, parents in the past tended to monitor less. Children were given more freedom to manage their schoolwork and choose the friends they want to play with. In some families, children of the past were often expected to shoulder the responsibilities of caring for younger brothers and sisters and managing housework. Living in the pre-Internet era, parents were less informed about different parenting methods, and their parenting styles were guided more by their personalities, common sense and friendly advice from their parents and neighbours, rather than by social media influences or parenting websites. There is no one right way to raise a child. Each child is unique and should be raised differently by parents who are present, but not wandering; who are supportive but not controlling; and who protect but not care too much.
1. How does the increased availability of resources influence parenting style?| A．It saves parents’ much time spent on children. |
| B．It makes parents more relaxed in raising children. |
| C．It encourages parents to be less strict with their children. |
| D．It enables parents to be more active in their children’s development. |
| A．Bring about. | B．Hold back. | C．Take down. | D．Set up. |
| A．They educated kids in a strict way. |
| B．They over-judged their kids’ independence. |
| C．They afforded kids more space for self-growth. |
| D．They tended to stay away from social activities. |
| A．How parents raise all-round children. |
| B．How people improve parent-child relationship. |
| C．How parenting modes have changed over the years. |
| D．How information technology affects people’s lifestyles. |
When I was a child, I was particular about food. It was Aunt Nelda that changed my habit of being a picky eater.
As far as I could remember, on a Friday night, when Dad and I arrived at Aunt Nelda’s house at dinner time, she prepared a big meal for us. Though the dishes smelled delicious, I didn’t feel like eating some of them. I took several bites of the sandwich and then laid it aside. Dad wanted to kick me under the table to remind me to finish all the food, but drawers (抽屉) between us protected me.
Looking at those drawers, I had a good idea. When Dad got up to refill his soup bowl, I pulled the bottom drawer open. It was full of cloth napkins (布餐巾). I put my sandwich under them and shut the drawer quickly. A plan for my rest food at Aunt Nelda’s emerged.
The next morning, I did the same to the food which I hated to eat. When Aunt Nelda saw my empty bowl, she gave me some sweets and said, “Good job, Jodi. You like my cooking just as much as your father.”
On Sunday, the food under the napkins continued growing, but somehow more slowly. Aunt Nelda was actually a pretty good cook. At noon, her children were coming for lunch. I offered to help set the table.
“Jodi, get the cloth napkins out of the bottom drawer,” she said. My heart began to beat fast. It was not because of the bottom drawer or the cloth napkins, but because of the left food.
“No, let’s use these!” I said, grabbing a handful of paper napkins. Aunt Nelda reached for the drawer. “My children prefer cloth napkins!” she said. I held my breath, waiting for the horrible scene. However, I couldn’t believe that she handed me some neat napkins.
“I’ve already cleaned them up,” she said. “It was so strange that there was much food under the napkins. I hadn’t seen mice for years! Guess what? They were back again. A long time ago, they made a nest and carried the food all over the house.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Aunt Nelda’s words made me feel relieved but ashamed.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hearing what I said, Aunt Nelda opened her mouth wide.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3 . In a crowded migrant (移民) camp in Tijuana, Mexico, a three-year-old girl wandered
It was December 2018, a time when the US-Mexico border was seeing migrants from Central America
Back at home, Rebellón gathered a group of volunteer
Rebellón has received numerous
| A．leisurely | B．alone | C．freely | D．abroad |
| A．tended | B．recognized | C．invited | D．noticed |
| A．relief | B．health | C．business | D．education |
| A．fighting | B．preventing | C．escaping | D．worsening |
| A．side | B．place | C．hand | D．heart |
| A．determined | B．annoyed | C．disappointed | D．panicked |
| A．line up | B．make up | C．stand up | D．look up |
| A．soldiers | B．doctors | C．writers | D．teachers |
| A．expenses | B．savings | C．bills | D．charges |
| A．integrated | B．forced | C．transformed | D．translated |
| A．Limited | B．Funded | C．Motivated | D．Influenced |
| A．create | B．adjust | C．reject | D．follow |
| A．special | B．strange | C．common | D．major |
| A．opportunities | B．honours | C．blessings | D．messages |
| A．display | B．possess | C．maintain | D．expand |
4 . My daughter will turn 17 in three months! As a parent, I feel the urgency (紧迫) to teach her important skills before she goes off to college.
Start the savings habit. Start to set aside money for the future now, while you are young.
Be careful with credit cards. When you go to college, you may find credit card companies often attract you to sign up for their credit cards. They will try to convince you that a credit card is like having free money for you to spend while you only pay the smallest amount each month.
Be a smart shopper. Plan ahead weekly by making a shopping list and stick to the list. Consider using recipes (食谱) that use low-cost, healthy materials.
| A．Write down your needs and wants |
| B．This idea of money can be very dangerous |
| C．Get a part-time job when you're old enough |
| D．Now put aside some money when you have any income |
| E．Eat before you shop to avoid a sudden wish to buy something |
| F．Few people ever become wealthy based entirely on their earnings |
| G．Money management skills are extremely important for her success and happiness |
5 . While technology addicts teens to their devices, they are not helpless against the draw of it. Here are five ways educators can support their students’ digital well-being.
Explore design tricks companies use. The technology we use daily is designed to catch and hold our attention. Companies know what keeps our eyes on the screen. To help, teachers can unpack design tricks and explain how companies employ features like auto-play to get users to stay on their apps.
Talk about how technology can increase feelings of anxiety. The decline in youth mental health is linked to an increase in social media use.
Uncover the ways that AI can play a role in misinformation. AI is rapidly changing the world. Recommendation algorithms (算法), which determine what we do and do not see in our search results, can have very real results.
Encourage families to have meaningful conversations with their child. Take the time to share with families the topics and resources you’re teaching in class.
| A．This doesn’t indicate all technology is bad. |
| B．Knowing these allows students to regain their attention. |
| C．Connect them with their inner world. |
| D．Make them aware of thinking traps. |
| E．Social media is ruining our life. |
| F．Actually, adults and kids all chase after digital well-being. |
| G．They can pull us toward increasingly extreme views. |
1. 劳动的益处：
2. 自己的劳动体验：
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；2．开头结尾已给出，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, everyone!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thanks for Listening!
7 . Attachment Parenting is not Indulgent (纵容) Parenting. Attachment parents do not “spoil” their children. Spoiling is done when a child is given everything that they want regardless of what they need and what is practical. Indulgent parents give toys for tantrums (发脾气), ice cream for breakfast. Attachment parents don’t give their children everything they want, they give their children everything that they need. Attachment parents believe that love and comfort are free and necessary. Not sweets or toys.
Attachment Parenting is not “afraid of tears” parenting. Our kids cry and have tantrums sometimes, of course. But they do this because their emotions are so strong that they need to get them out. They simply expect us to listen to them. We pick up our babies when they cry, and we respond to the tears of our older children because we believe firmly that comfort is free, love is free, and that when a child is in need of comfort and love, it is our job to provide these things.
Attachment Parenting is not Clingy Parenting. I do not cling (抓紧) to my children. In fact, I’m pretty free-range. As soon as they can move, they usually move away from me. Sure, I carry them and hug them and chase them and kiss them and rock them and sleep with them. But this is not me following them everywhere and pulling them back to me. This is me being a home base.
Attachment Parenting is not Helicopter Parenting. I don’t hover. I supervise (监督). I follow, I teach, I demonstrate, I explain. I don’t slap (拍，打) curious hands away. I show how to do things safely. I let my child do what he wishes to do, first with help and then with supervision and finally with trust. I don’t insist that my 23-month-old hold my hand when we walk on the sidewalk because I know that I can recall him with my voice because he trusts me to allow him to explore and he trusts me to explain when something is dangerous and to help him satisfy his curiosities safely.
Most of the negative things that I hear about “Attachment Parents” are completely off-base and describe something that is entirely unlike Attachment-Parenting. Attachment Parenting is child-centered and focuses on the needs of the child. Attachment Parents simply believe that children are taught, not trained.
1. According to the author, what should parents do when their kids cry?| A．Reward them with toys. | B．Try to stop them crying. |
| C．Provide comfort and love to them. | D．Hold them tight in their arms. |
| A．The author’s providing of a home base. |
| B．The author’s readiness to play games with their kids. |
| C．The author’s being curious about watching the games they play. |
| D．The author’s willingness to give their kids freedom of movement. |
| A．Encouraging your child’s curiosity. | B．Always standing by to protect your child. |
| C．Helping your child to do the right thing. | D．Showing your child how things are done. |
| A．A certain type of parenting | B．Parent-child relationships. |
| C．How to bring out love in children. | D．How to build children’s self-confidence. |
A place where young people can shine
Kindergarten Without Walls is a unique concept different from the traditional model of education.
The kindergarten is funded by its founder Tang Haoduo,who aims to create a supportive and caring community for children in the neighborhood. And the volunteers come from different walks of life.
Zhu, an art practice researcher, notes that the starting point of this Kindergarten is humble and down-to-earth. “Tang is an ordinary person
9 . The term home schooling means educating children at home or in places other than a normal setting such as a public or private school. These days, homeschooling in America is
Teaching methods at homeschooling
Why do parents choose homeschooling? Some believe that children in public schools experience too much “peer pressure”, or social pressure from friends. They say it may have a
What then is the future of education? Although children often learn well at home, weak regulations in most states mean that officials rarely challenge or
| A．disappearing | B．reducing | C．contributing | D．rising |
| A．vary | B．last | C．exist | D．work |
| A．imitate | B．alter | C．promote | D．neglect |
| A．instructions | B．path | C．technique | D．standard |
| A．positive | B．practical | C．negative | D．remarkable |
| A．economically | B．religiously | C．psychologically | D．physically |
| A．effects | B．suggestions | C．reasons | D．pressures |
| A．As a result | B．On the whole | C．By the way | D．In addition |
| A．encourage | B．interrupt | C．contact | D．monitor |
| A．appreciation | B．opposition | C．expectation | D．debate |
| A．assessed | B．chosen | C．compared | D．classified |
| A．satisfied with | B．involved in | C．skilled at | D．ashamed of |
| A．worried about | B．isolated from | C．connected with | D．ignorant of |
| A．creating | B．grasping | C．awaiting | D．losing |
| A．acceptable | B．informative | C．one-sided | D．practical |
10 . Many American education experts say tutoring (辅导) is the best way to help students make up for learning loss during the pandemic. Although many schools have received a lot of government aid, only a small number of students have been getting tutored.
Chalkbeat and the Associated Press surveyed 12 of the nation’s school systems. The schools reported that fewer than 10 percent of students received any kind of tutoring in the fall of last year. A new tutoring group in Chicago served about three percent of students. But less than one percent of students in three big school systems received tutoring.
The low tutoring numbers suggest several problems. Some parents said they did not know tutoring was available or did not think their child needed it. Some school systems have struggled to hire tutors. Other school systems said their small tutoring programs were part of their efforts to meet students’ needs.
Whatever the reason, the result is clear: at an important time for students’ recovery, millions of children have not received the extra help.
“It works, it’s effective, it gets students to improve in their learning and catch up,” said Amie Rapaport, a researcher studying why so many students are not getting intensive tutoring.
Schools trying to increase tutoring face problems, including hiring and planning. Experts say tutoring is most effective when provided three times a week for at least 30 minutes during school hours. Offering after-school or weekend tutoring is simpler, but attendance is often low.
Low family interest has been another problem. Although test scores sharply dropped during the pandemic, many parents do not believe their children experienced learning loss.
In Wake County, North Carolina, the school district began planning a reading tutoring program in November. District officials last month said volunteers are tutoring fewer than 140 students. That is far fewer than the 1,000 students the program was designed to help. Many worry that not enough students are getting the help they need even as programs continue to grow.
1. What is known from the first two paragraphs?| A．Fewer students than expected received tutoring. |
| B．Learning loss is the biggest concern for students. |
| C．The survey covered 12 school systems all over the world. |
| D．Big school systems did a better job in tutoring than small ones. |
| A．The ways to increase tutoring. |
| B．The challenges facing some school systems. |
| C．The responses to the low tutoring numbers. |
| D．The causes of the situation of tutoring. |
| A．Opposed. | B．Supportive. | C．Tolerant. | D．Unclear. |
| A．After-school tutoring programs are not enough. |
| B．Students are busy with their schoolwork. |
| C．Families attach little importance to tutoring. |
| D．There is a lack of volunteers. |
