1 . How to Get Along With Friends

Friendships can have a major impact on your health and happiness, but it’s not always easy to develop friendships. The following are some tips for you.

Be positive

    1    . If you’re someone who likes to discuss hopeless-sounding situations, that’s OK, but remember to talk about more cheerful topics, too. Discussing books or sharing funny stories are better for your friendships. Of course, if something bad happens, it’s OK to ask your friends for support. You’re not expected to be positive all the time.

    2    

Listening helps you learn about your friends and support them when they need it. Give your friends your full attention, and make mental notes about the important things in their lives—like the names of their loved ones, things they like and major things that have happened or are happening in their lives.     3    , don’t immediately share your experiences or advice. Instead, ask them, “How are you feeling about it?” or “What do you plan to do about that?”

Make time for each other

Spending time with your friends has a huge impact, whether it’s for a few minutes or for several hours.     4    . If you can’t easily see your friends in person, try texting each other or having video calls. It certainly doesn’t replace an in-person hangout, but it’s a good way to keep in touch.

Calmly discuss problems one-on-one

If your friends are doing something that’s bothering you, it doesn’t help to give them the silent treatment or leave them out. Instead, talk to them one-on-one about what’s bothering you, and calmly share how you feel about it. For example, if your friends have given you an embarrassing (令人尴尬的) nickname, pull them aside and say, “I know you’re trying to be funny, but when you call me that, I get really embarrassed.     5    .”

A．Listen to them

B．Please don’t call me that

C．Focusing on the upside makes you a better friend

D．If you answer telephone calls only during certain hours

E．If your friend shares something that they’re struggling with

F．Talking directly to your friend is the best way to solve an issue

G．Schedule fun activities with your friends, or just find time to talk for a while

2 . The mangrove tree might not look very impressive, but it is an essential part of our ecosystem. However, more than half of the mangrove forests have been destroyed in the past century. Several World Heritage Sites have been listed largely because of their mangrove ecosystems. Among them are the Sundarbans across India and Bangladesh, the Everglades National Park in the US, and the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.

Being a World Heritage Site requires for the mangroves to be protected. However, one country in Asia has gone further by having a five-year program to protect and conserve all their mangroves. They even have a mangrove museum and observe World Mangrove Day. This country is Sri Lanka. Why are mangrove trees so important to Sri Lanka and to other countries where mangroves grow?

The mangrove tree grows along coastal saltwater shorelines. They have adapted to the harsh coastal weather and have deep roots. This means that they are strong and cannot be easily removed. In countries where natural disasters such as tsunamis and cyclones occur, the forests provide protection. The villages in Sri Lanka with full mangrove forests have suffered less damage when hit by these natural disasters. The reason is that the mangroves break up the force and strength of the waves.

The mangroves also quickly absorb carbon dioxide and send oxygen into the atmosphere. This makes them an important part of the fight against climate change. They absorb far more carbon dioxide than other types of forest, and store it in their structure and even in the soil. This is important as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is believed to be a cause of detrimental changes in the weather, such as global warming.

The strong roots also provide protection for young fish as they grow. With the oceans around the world being overfished, it is important to maintain the ecological balance in the oceans. For Sri Lanka, one of the threats to the mangrove forests is the shrimp farms being set up. To build saltwater ponds for the shrimps, the mangroves are cut down. This has resulted in fewer fish surviving among the mangrove roots and fewer fish being caught by the fishermen. The local fishing communities noticed that they were losing money and it made them aware of how important the mangroves were. They are now helping to conserve the forests.

Sri Lanka is showing that a nation can preserve all of its mangroves. The conservation model they have can be used by other countries. It might take many years of planning, but the benefits of saving mangroves definitely outweigh the costs.

1. What do we know about the mangrove trees from the passage?

A．They are mainly grown in Australia.

B．They can prevent young fish from growing.

C．They have been damaged by natural disasters.

D．They are less impressive but important to the ecosystem.

2. What has been done in Sri Lanka to protect mangroves?

A．A world mangrove festival has been founded.

B．Saltwater ponds for the shrimps have been set up.

C．A 5-year mangroves protecting program has been started.

D．More mangroves along the coastal areas have been grown.

3. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?

A．The mangroves can keep the ecological balance in the oceans.

B．The mangroves are essential for fighting against climate change.

C．The mangroves have deep roots and hold the soil in place firmly.

D．The mangroves can break up the force and strength of the waves.

4. What is the author’s attitude towards the future conservation of mangroves?

A．Positive.

B．Negative.

C．Doubtful.

D．Unclear.

3 . 此活动的目的是表达友善。（convey）(汉译英)

4 . In the wild, it all depends on you with your survival knowledge and equipment to life.     1     You must be familiar with the use of equipment. The weight of the equipment should be no more than 20kg. Here are some necessities that are advised to take.

You’d better take a compass. It is not heavy. It is entitled to a place in your equipment. The use of the compass is the most effective. Some people may say GPS is very popular now.     2     In cold, hot, wet and other bad conditions, such as about 10 degrees below zero in the northeast, GPS uses 30% more electricity than room temperature.

Besides that, I will talk about the role of fire. Fire plays an important role not only in cooking food, but also in helping us resist the cold.     3     The ordinary plastic lighters sold on the street are actually good, light weight and easy to use.

    4     At least it is about 1.5 meters long and 30 — 50 cm wide. Putting a scarf around your neck can prevent sunburn by sunshine, can make it a simple sun hat, marching in bright light or desert. You can also make nets and catch fish and shrimp, birds and insects in the wild.

No matter how high-end your outdoor clothing is, you still need to take a raincoat. Choosing a suitable raincoat is very important. The separation kind of raincoat is more convenient. The raincoat doesn’t just protect you from the rain.     5    

If the survival of the wild is compared to a building, then the strong will is the foundation, the survival knowledge is the wall, the proper training is the roof, the equipment is just to make you live in more comfortable decoration.

A．First, one better option is to take GPS.

B．The survival scarf in the wild is our essential survival tool.

C．Good equipment can let you have a more comfortable experience.

D．Bicycle raincoat can cover your bag but you can’t stretch out your hand.

E．However, the more complex things are, the more likely they are to go wrong.

F．In order to let you enjoy better treatment in the wild, you have to take a lighter.

G．It can also be used as tents and waterproof mats to keep you warm and get water for you.

5 . Wang Yaping’s dream of becoming an astronaut was inspired by Yang Liwei’s 2003 space flight, which was China’s first manned space mission.

Born in a small village in Yantai, Shandong Province in 1980, Wang had been an enthusiastic long-distance runner since primary school, and competed in local sports meetings.

In 1997, Wang, a high school student, was encouraged to register for the pilot recruitment program by her classmates because she was good at sports and didn’t wear glasses. The 17-year-old had been considering applying to a teaching college, as her parents suggested.

Given her strong build and ability to stay calm under pressure, Wang passed all tests as well as physical examinations and became a female pilot in China. After four years of systemic education and tough training, Wang eventually learned to fly four different types of aircraft before graduation.

During her service as a military pilot, she accumulated 1,567 hours of flight time and was involved in major tasks such as the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake relief effort and the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.

In May 2010, Wang became a member of China’s first batch of female astronauts. The joy of being selected did not last long as the hard training quickly sank in.

In the first year, Wang could not get the top level in the high-G training, during which she had to endure eight times the force of gravity in a spinning centrifuge. The training imitates the environment when the spacecraft takes off, enters orbit and returns. Wang improved her performance by doing extra core-strength exercises every day to strengthen her back and abdominal muscles. She got the top level at the end of 2011. Wang realized her space dream in 2013 as part of the Shenzhou-10 mission.

Over the past two years, Wang has logged in over 6,000 hours of strict training. The most tiring exercise was the seven-hour underwater training session during which she had to wear a special suit that weighed over 100 kilograms to simulate extravehicular activities in a weightless environment.

Wang has become the first female taikonaut to work in China’s Tiangong space station as well as the first Chinese woman to perform a spacewalk.

1. Why did Wang want to become an astronaut?

A．Because she was able to stay calm under pressure.

B．Because she was good at sports and didn’t wear glasses.

C．Because she was influenced by China’s first manned space flight.

D．Because she was advised to register for the pilot program by her parents.

2. From this passage, we can know that ________.

A．Wang won a long-distance runner championship

B．Wang was the first Chinese female to take a spacewalk

C．Wang went to a teaching college encouraged by her classmates

D．Wang thought the seven-hour underwater training session was easy

3. What did Wang do after she joined China’s first batch of female astronauts?

A．She learned to fly four different types of aircraft.

B．She participated in the Shenzhou-10 mission of China.

C．She received four years of systemic education in university.

D．She got involved in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake relief effort.

4. Which of the following words can best describe Wang?

A．Calm and friendly.	B．Warm-hearted and creative.
C．Modest and honest.	D．Hardworking and determined.

6 . 沟通可以帮助我们消除误会。（get rid of）（汉译英）

7 . I love my father. He’s the parent who I thought understood me. But when I was growing up, he was ______ home. He worked overtime as an accountant, late into the evening during the week, all day Saturday and most Sundays. Even if he was home, and wasn’t working at his desk, I had to ______ him, because I was one of three daughters. All those years in my childhood I longed for my father’s ______.

One day my father was working at his desk. I ______ him there and stood beside the desk. ______ in his writing, he didn’t notice me. To let him know I was there, I lifted my plastic water gun and shot him in the face. This frightened him and he roared like a tiger. I dashed out of the room and down the stairs. I was so _______ because I’d never seen him angry before.

Moments later, he appeared at the top of the stairs, ______ his arms and laughed; his arms and laugh invited me to run back up the stairs and into his huge hug. Comforting me softly, he ______ for scaring me. I kept replaying the _______ in my mind for a thousand times.

My sense that I couldn’t reach my father stayed with me even when I was grown. Well into adulthood, I felt that I could never ______ the father time I’d missed as a child. But it turned out that I could. And I did.

The ______ started when my father retired. One day, I called when my mother was out. My father answered the phone, and he couldn’t hand me over to my mother, ______ we started to talk. He told me he’d been thinking about his grandfather, and I asked about him. He began telling me. I ______ that when I asked him about his past, he stayed on the phone. And the older he got, the more ______   my father was to talk about his past, especially his childhood. In his detailed descriptions, I felt he was recreating the world of his childhood, and ______ me in. The stories he told became a world we inhabited together. He introduced me to the people he knew there, and to the child he was.

I really cherish my father’s stories and will pass them on to the next generation.

1.

A．rarely

B．merely

C．frequently

D．gradually

2.

A．watch

B．follow

C．share

D．support

3.

A．impression

B．attention

C．explanation

D．presentation

4.

A．approached

B．ignored

C．monitored

D．comforted

5.

A．Concerned

B．Experienced

C．Disappointed

D．Absorbed

6.

A．annoyed

B．depressed

C．scared

D．bored

7.

A．crossed

B．spread

C．swung

D．moved

8.

A．apologized

B．complained

C．hesitated

D．joked

9.

A．view

B．message

C．voice

D．scene

10.

A．cut back on

B．make up for

C．keep up with

D．look forward to

11.

A．change

B．success

C．tradition

D．silence

12.

A．but

B．or

C．for

D．so

13.

A．proposed

B．discovered

C．recalled

D．predicted

14.

A．serious

B．confident

C．eager

D．reasonable

15.

A．reminding

B．pushing

C．requiring

D．inviting

8 . Read the post from Paul on the “Answers 4U” website.

Read what Sarah writes in reply to Paul.


1. What problem does Paul have?

A．He worries about his career life.	B．He considers himself not creative.
C．He has difficulty understanding things.	D．He will fail his course however hard he works.

2. What can we learn from Sarah’s reply?

A．She doesn’t get why Paul is afraid.

B．She believes each question has the right answer.

C．She thinks people should often reflect on their ideas.

D．She thinks people should think freely without fear of judgement.

3. From the passage we know that ________.

A．Paul and Sarah are strangers	B．Paul and Sarah have the same idea
C．Paul and Sarah are college classmates	D．Paul and Sarah are from the same place

9 . “Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a c________ of no more than five other people. (n. a series of connected things or people) （根据首字母单词拼写）

10 . 当你想要拿起手机的时候，告诉自己再多坚持十分钟，一直到你最终完成目标。(hold on) （汉译英）