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书信写作-邀请信 | 适中(0.65) |
1 . 假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。近期,英国交换生将在你校进行为期两周的交流。你打算邀请你校英籍外教Jim给负责接待的同学们做一个讲座,主题是如何与交换生得体相处。请你用英文写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1. 发出邀请;
2. 建议讲座的主要内容。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

2024-01-24更新 | 73次组卷 | 1卷引用:北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末统一检测英语试题
阅读理解-七选五(约270词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微型蔬菜,介绍了其起源以及优点。

2 . Microgreen Farming

Microgreens have been used in cooking since the 1980s.     1     Chefs now realize they also add flavor and visual appeal when included in all types of dishes and recipes.

As with most vegetables, it all starts with seeds. But instead of allowing the plant to grow to its full potential, microgreens are created when the plant is harvested shortly after it starts to grow. The result is a strong flavor and an ingredient that packs a variety of nutrients and health benefits in a tiny, delicious package. The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry states that microgreens have increased levels of vitamins E, C and K.     2    

One of the most significant benefits of using microgreens in dishes is that they provide an intense experience that will improve the overall flavor of any dish. Many chefs use them to add depth of flavor and to create complex flavor. Another benefit of microgreens is the convenience factor — they are incredibly easy to cook with!     3     You just put them onto your meals such as soups, sandwiches, salads, etc. Microgreens are the ultimate healthy convenience food!

    4     It is usually ready for harvest in only 6-7 days and offers a spicy radish taste. The result is a dish that not only tastes wonderful but offers a visual appeal that satisfies the eyes and is incredibly nutritious!

Traditional plants require an extended amount of time and large amounts of land.     5     They require very little physical effort and are ready for harvest in as little as one week. In addition, growing microgreens doesn’t require a lot of space, and is typically done indoors with a vertical setup. So why not give it a shot?

A.Microgreens, on the other hand, are easy!
B.They were initially used as a form of decoration.
C.There is no prep and cutting work as with most vegetables.
D.They have as much as 40 times more nutrients than a mature plant.
E.One popular form of microgreens is a mix of purple and green radish.
F.Some beginners like to start with a familiar plant, such as radish, cabbage, or peas.
G.Mature traditional vegetables are generally harvested 2 to 4 months after they are planted.
2024-01-24更新 | 94次组卷 | 1卷引用:北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末统一检测英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约430词) | 较难(0.4) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了得克萨斯大学的科学家们在一份研究中表明通过将功能性磁共振成像和用GPT建造的大型语言模型相结合,读取人们内心想法成为可能,但这项技术还不成熟,并且涉及隐私问题。

3 . Think of the words in your head: that tasteless joke you wisely kept to yourself at dinner; your unvoiced impression of your best friend’s new partner. Now imagine that someone could listen in.

Recently, scientists from the University of Texas, have made another step in that direction. In a study published in Neuroscience, the team showed it was possible to read people’s thoughts with a non-invasive brain scanner called fMRI and large language models (LLMs) built with GPT.

The study centered on three subjects, who lay in an fMRI scanner recording their brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow in parts of their brains while they listened to online stories. By integrating this information with the LLMs’ ability to understand how words relate to one another, the researchers developed an encoded (编码的) map of how each individual’s brain responds to different words. Then, the team worked backward. They recorded the fMRI activity while the participants listened to a new story. Using a combination of the patterns previously encoded for each individual and LLMs, the researchers attempted to translate this new brain activity.

While many of the sentences it produced were inaccurate, the decoder generated sentences that got the main idea of what the person was thinking. For instance, when a person heard, “I don’t have my driver’s license yet,” the decoder spat out, “She has not even started to learn to drive yet.” Alex Huth from the university said, “We were shocked and impressed that this worked as well as it does.”

The researchers also found that the technology isn’t one-size-fits-all. Each decoder was quite personalized and worked only for the person whose brain data had helped build it. Additionally, a person had to voluntarily cooperate for the decoder to identify ideas. If a person wasn’t paying attention to an audio story, the decoder couldn’t pick that story up from brain signals.

While the technology was still far from perfect, the result could ultimately lead to seamless devices that help people who can’t talk or otherwise communicate easily. However, the research also raises privacy concerns about unwelcome neural overhearing. The team said the potential of the technology was such that policymakers should proactively address how it can be legally used. Jerry Tang from the team said, “Nobody’s brain should be decoded without their permission. If one day it does become possible to get accurate decoding without a person’s will, we’ll have a regulatory foundation in place.”

1. What is the study mainly about?
A.The working principle of a smart scanner.
B.The potential impact of mind-reading GPT.
C.The advance in brain-decoding technology.
D.The breakthrough in large language models.
2. How did the team work backward?
A.They fed the decoder data on people’s brain activities.
B.They employed the scanner to encode people’s thoughts.
C.They recorded the fMRI activity to assess thinking ability.
D.They used brain activity patterns to read the subjects’ mind.
3. What did the researchers find?
A.The decoder worked as expected.
B.The decoder can get the wording right.
C.The decoder required willing participation.
D.The decoder can be applied to different people.
4. What will the team most probably do next?
A.Personalize the technology.B.Establish proper regulations.
C.Apply the technology across fields.D.Break limitations of the technology.
2024-01-24更新 | 126次组卷 | 1卷引用:北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末统一检测英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约420词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇议论文。文章主要就老虎袭击人的原因展开讨论,作者认为老虎攻击人是因为很难辨认出人的形状。

4 . As you leave the Bandhavgarh National Park in India, there is a notice which shows a huge tiger. The notice says, “You may not have seen me, but I have seen you.” There are more than a billion people in India and Indian tigers probably see humans every single day. Tigers can and do kill almost anything they meet in the jungle. However, it is a little strange that attacks on humans are not that frequent.

Some people might argue that these attacks were in fact common in the past. But there were far more tigers around in those days. So, to some extent, attacks appear to have been as rare then as they are today.

People think it is because of fears, but what exactly are tigers afraid of? Can they really know that we may be even better armed than they are? Surely not. Has the species programmed the experiences of all tigers with humans into its genes to be inherited as instinct? Perhaps. But I think the explanation may be simpler and, in a way, more interesting.

I suspect that a tiger’s fear of humans lies in the way he actually observes us visually. Imagine a tiger sees a man who is 1.8 meters tall. A tiger is less than 1 meter tall but he may be up to 3 meters long from head to tail. So when a tiger sees the man face on, it might not be unreasonable for him to assume that the man is 6 meters long. If he met a deer of this size, he might attack the animal by leaping on its back, but when he looks behind the man, he can’t see a back. From the front the man is huge, but looked at from the side he all but disappears. This must be very disturbing. A hunter has to be confident that it can kill its prey, and no one is confident when they are disconcerted.

The opposite is true of a squatting human. A squatting human is half the size and presents twice the spread of back, and appears like a medium-sized deer. Many incidents of attacks on people involve villagers bending over to cut grass. The fact that humans stand upright may not just distinguish them from other species, but also help them to survive in an unpredictable environment.

1. As for some people’s opinion on tiger attacks, the author is ________.
A.objectiveB.unconcernedC.supportiveD.disapproving
2. Why does the author raise three questions in Paragraph 3?
A.To present assumptions.B.To evaluate arguments.
C.To question findings.D.To confirm opinions.
3. What does the underlined word “disconcerted” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Confused.B.Annoyed.C.Depressed.D.Surprised.
4. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A.It is the genes that cause the tiger’s fear of humans.
B.It is hard for a tiger to make out the shape of humans.
C.Tigers sense the danger the moment they spot humans.
D.Tigers are less confident when facing squatting humans.
2024-01-24更新 | 80次组卷 | 1卷引用:北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末统一检测英语试题
语法填空-短文语填(约60词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最近纽约上演了一场表演,庆祝纽约昆曲协会成立35周年。纽约昆曲协会是一个非营利性的文化和艺术组织。
5 . 阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

In New York, longtime Kunqu artists and students are working together to pass down the ancient traditional form from generation     1     generation, and Kunqu societies     2     (be) active in the city for over 30 years. And recently, these Kunqu Opera artists, young and old, staged a performance at the Big Apple     3     (celebrate) the 35th anniversary of the Kunqu Society of New York, a nonprofit culture and arts organization.

2024-01-24更新 | 91次组卷 | 1卷引用:北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末统一检测英语试题
语法填空-短文语填(约120词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了沙瑞克被设立为国家公园的历史和特色。
6 . 阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Sarek’s mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice. Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted,     1     (leave) behind about 100 glaciers. Soon after, reindeer began to arrive. Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. Getting here is quite difficult,     2     apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. In 1909, Sarek was made a national park in order to keep the land in its natural state. Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park, no one else can live here, and all new development     3     (ban) within park boundaries. At the far side of the valley, an ancient Sami cottage is visible. Close by, there are a few reindeer     4     (feed) on grass.

2024-01-24更新 | 82次组卷 | 1卷引用:北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末统一检测英语试题
语法填空-短文语填(约80词) | 容易(0.94) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了袁隆平开发杂交水稻的经过。
7 . 阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. How this could be done was a     1     (challenge) question at the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. One characteristic of hybrids is     2     they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. However,     3     it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.

2024-01-24更新 | 91次组卷 | 1卷引用:北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末统一检测英语试题
完形填空(约210词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了莎拉在一次事故中失去了胳膊和腿,幸运地是她得到了一条人工智能仿生手臂,这让她能够恢复部分正常生活。

8 . Last September, Sarah, 44, slipped on a platform and ________ in the gap between a train and the platform edge. When the train left the station, it ran over her right arm and leg. Unfortunately, another train pulled in, causing further ________. A few minutes later, someone noticed her and called emergency services. They ________ to the scene and took Sarah to the hospital, but doctors were ________ to save her arm and leg.

________, Sarah is now the world’s first woman to use a £250.00 bionic (仿生) arm ________ by AI.

“It’s hard to explain but when I think about a ________ — say ‘open my hand’ — my muscles twitch (颤动) in a particular way. The sensors in it will ________ these twitches, and send signals to make my hand work. And if it ________ the fact that I point my finger often, it will learn that I like to do that and make it easier for me to do so,” said Sarah.

In February, Sarah returned to work and a few months later she attended a conference in Rome to give a speech about the accident.

“I do miss myself before the accident. But at the end of the day, I’m just ________ that AI can give me a piece of my life back. I know I am blessed to be able to keep moving forward with my family.”

1.
A.fellB.jumpedC.stoodD.filled
2.
A.changesB.worriesC.injuriesD.failures
3.
A.movedB.turnedC.walkedD.rushed
4.
A.uncertainB.unableC.patientD.eager
5.
A.NaturallyB.NormallyC.ObviouslyD.Luckily
6.
A.poweredB.developedC.gradedD.treated
7.
A.patternB.signalC.movementD.moment
8.
A.protectB.detectC., connectD.reflect
9.
A.cares aboutB.talks aboutC.figures outD.points out
10.
A.hopefulB.gratefulC.concernedD.amused
2024-01-24更新 | 110次组卷 | 1卷引用:北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末统一检测英语试题
9 . 请用方框中所给单词的正确形式完成句子,并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。
comfort          science          entire          anxiety          motivate
1. I admit it was ______________ my fault.
2. He seemed ______________ about the coming exam.
3. He is intelligent enough but he lacks ______________.
4. I was so ______________ and warm in bed so that I didn’t want to get up.
5. We should adopt a more ______________ approach in the future research.
2024-01-24更新 | 63次组卷 | 1卷引用:北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末统一检测英语试题
10 . 请用方框中所给的单词或短语完成句子,并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。
accompany demonstrate evaluate
break down in charge of in turn
1. He put Steve ______________ the research team.
2. Ken agreed to ______________ me on a trip to Africa.
3. I can’t ______________ his ability without seeing his work.
4. Listen up! Please come up ______________ to collect your books.
5. Let me ______________ to you some of the difficulties we are facing.
6. A smile can ______________ barriers.
2024-01-24更新 | 62次组卷 | 1卷引用:北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末统一检测英语试题
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