1 . 我们要赠送100本书给那所乡村学校。（give away） (汉译英)

2 . Frozen in time, a 125-million-year-old mammal attacking a dinosaur. A 39-million-year-old whale, the heaviest animal that ever lived. The oldest known jellyfish, from 505 million years ago. Paleontology (古生物学) produces newsworthy discoveries.

Fossils (化石), moreover, provide direct evidence for the long history of life, allowing paleontologists to test hypotheses (假设) about evolution with data only they provide. They allow investigation of present and past life on Earth. Flows of biological diversity, appearances of new life forms and the extinctions of long existing ones, would go undiscovered without these efforts. But the headlines over exciting new fossils greatly underestimate the true importance of paleontology. Its real significance lies in how such discoveries brighten the grand history of life on Earth. From its beginnings, more than three billion years ago, to the present day, fossils record how life adapted or disappeared in the face of major environmental challenges.

Paleontologists provide us with a unique vantage on modern climate change. They play an essential role in interpreting ancient environments, in reconstructing ancient oceans, continents and climates. Fossils provide key limitation on the climate models that are essential for predicting future climate change. And the fossil record gives important insights into how life will respond to predicted future climate conditions, because these have occurred before in Earth’s history.

In addition, paleontology has provided a fundamental contribution to human thought: the reality of species extinction and thus of a world that has dramatically changed over time. In documenting the history of life, paleontologists recognized that many extinction episodes could occur suddenly, such as the event 66 million years ago that ended the dinosaurs. The search for the causes of past mass extinctions started pioneering studies from across the scientific spectrum (科学界), focusing on potential future threats to humanity.

Not only do paleontologists know what happens to life when things go bad, they also know how long it takes for ecosystems and biodiversity to recover from these disasters, which can take far longer than modern humans have existed.

Paleontologists thus provide a unique perspective on the nature and future long-term ecological impact of the current human-produced biodiversity crisis, the so-called Sixth Extinction, and therefore the importance of protecting modern biodiversity. The very concept of a Sixth Extinction would not exist without paleontologists documenting the first five.

Paleontologists know that understanding life’s past is critical to anticipating and adapting to life’s and humanity’s future. Paleontology is important because it brings its unique and critical perspective to current challenges in climate change, biodiversity loss and the environment. Paleontologists can predict the future because they know the past.

1. The first two paragraphs are written to _______.

A．describe an event	B．raise a question
C．present an opinion	D．make a comparison

2. What does the underlined word “vantage” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．A positive effect.	B．A valuable suggestion.
C．A quick decision.	D．A comprehensive view.

3. Which of the following would the author agree with?

A．Ecological recovery takes shorter than imagined.

B．Past lessons can help to predict the future threats.

C．Paleontologists can handle the biodiversity crisis.

D．Fossil studies focus on the causes of mass extinctions.

4. What’s the best title for the passage?

A．Paleontology: A Pioneering Study

B．Paleontology: A History Recorder

C．Paleontology Tells More About Nature Than Humans

D．Paleontology Is Far More Than New Fossil Discoveries

3 . 我的建议是更多地与朋友面对面交流。(My advice is…) (汉译英)

4 . The names of the winners of the competition will be p______ in June. (v.to produce a book, magazine, CD-ROM, etc. and sell it to the public) (根据首字母单词拼写)

5 . It’s not worth b______ with an umbrella--the car’s just outside. (to spend time and /or energy doing something)(根据首字母单词拼写)

6 . The start-up that attracted the largest investment in the history of cybersecurity, of more than half a billion dollars, has a simple goal: a passwordless future.

Despite the spread of password management software that can generate and remember complicated strings of random characters, some of the most common passwords are still “12345”, “password” and “iloveyou”. As a result, more than 80 percent of hacks involve these kinds of passwords; and passwords remain the most sought-after data by hackers, above other personal or sensitive information.

In many cases, individuals are tricked into handing over password details by phishing emails and other social engineering techniques. Hackers have sought to break into apps and steal entire password databases as well. Passwords are also under attack from new technology, such as automated programs that can rapidly try to guess them, or can try stolen passwords on multiple online accounts.

Since the need to replace the easily forgotten and highly hackable strings of letters and numbers that we use to access everyday life has become even more urgent, the race to replace the password is under way, with biometric-based (基于生物识别的) security emerging as one of the most sought-after solutions. According to Tieo, a union of more than 250 companies, which promotes a standard system of passwordless authentication (身份验证), the vast majority of consumer services will offer passwordless login systems in the next couple of years. “If done correctly and safely, biometrics are really helping us move to a passwordless future in a rapid manner,” said Andrew Jenkinson, CEO of Tieo.

But there are still risks associated with the use of biometric authentication. Unlike passwords, biometrics cannot be changed. This means such data must be closely guarded for privacy purposes and to prevent spoofing—hackers trying to trick cameras or sensors with photos, or masks of their victim. “Biometric authentication and passwordless authentication has its own attack surface,” said Paul Smith, director of security research at CyberPek. His team revealed that it had found a design problem which would allow potential attackers to bypass facial recognition login by injecting a spoofed photo of a user’s face into the process.

The biggest obstacle standing in the way of the start-ups hoping to kill the password is how to change years of habit. Eric Brown, founder of TAK Cyber, a cyber research and advisory company, argued that while sensitive applications may rapidly shift from passwords, other websites have less motivation to update their systems. “You’ll never get rid of them,” he said. “We’re never going to get to the post-password era.”

1. What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A．Why passwords are the most sought-after data.

B．How passwords are stolen by phishing emails.

C．How passwords have caused us trouble.

D．Why passwords are difficult to secure.

2. What can we infer from the passage?

A．Facial recognition login is the key to fighting hackers.

B．Biometric authentication has its own set of problems.

C．TAK Cyber’s login system guarantees the safety of data.

D．Spoofing brings more problems than automated programs.

3. What is Eric Brown’s attitude towards a passwordless future?

A．Indifferent.

B．Passionate.

C．Pessimistic.

D．Objective.

4. Which would be the best title for the passage?

A．Biometric authentication: password security solution!

B．Start-ups race to welcome a passwordless future

C．The argument to end passwords has begun

D．Killing the password: a cure or a fantasy?

7 . 沟通可以帮助我们消除误会。（get rid of）（汉译英）

8 . I love my father. He’s the parent who I thought understood me. But when I was growing up, he was ______ home. He worked overtime as an accountant, late into the evening during the week, all day Saturday and most Sundays. Even if he was home, and wasn’t working at his desk, I had to ______ him, because I was one of three daughters. All those years in my childhood I longed for my father’s ______.

One day my father was working at his desk. I ______ him there and stood beside the desk. ______ in his writing, he didn’t notice me. To let him know I was there, I lifted my plastic water gun and shot him in the face. This frightened him and he roared like a tiger. I dashed out of the room and down the stairs. I was so _______ because I’d never seen him angry before.

Moments later, he appeared at the top of the stairs, ______ his arms and laughed; his arms and laugh invited me to run back up the stairs and into his huge hug. Comforting me softly, he ______ for scaring me. I kept replaying the _______ in my mind for a thousand times.

My sense that I couldn’t reach my father stayed with me even when I was grown. Well into adulthood, I felt that I could never ______ the father time I’d missed as a child. But it turned out that I could. And I did.

The ______ started when my father retired. One day, I called when my mother was out. My father answered the phone, and he couldn’t hand me over to my mother, ______ we started to talk. He told me he’d been thinking about his grandfather, and I asked about him. He began telling me. I ______ that when I asked him about his past, he stayed on the phone. And the older he got, the more ______   my father was to talk about his past, especially his childhood. In his detailed descriptions, I felt he was recreating the world of his childhood, and ______ me in. The stories he told became a world we inhabited together. He introduced me to the people he knew there, and to the child he was.

I really cherish my father’s stories and will pass them on to the next generation.

1.

A．rarely

B．merely

C．frequently

D．gradually

2.

A．watch

B．follow

C．share

D．support

3.

A．impression

B．attention

C．explanation

D．presentation

4.

A．approached

B．ignored

C．monitored

D．comforted

5.

A．Concerned

B．Experienced

C．Disappointed

D．Absorbed

6.

A．annoyed

B．depressed

C．scared

D．bored

7.

A．crossed

B．spread

C．swung

D．moved

8.

A．apologized

B．complained

C．hesitated

D．joked

9.

A．view

B．message

C．voice

D．scene

10.

A．cut back on

B．make up for

C．keep up with

D．look forward to

11.

A．change

B．success

C．tradition

D．silence

12.

A．but

B．or

C．for

D．so

13.

A．proposed

B．discovered

C．recalled

D．predicted

14.

A．serious

B．confident

C．eager

D．reasonable

15.

A．reminding

B．pushing

C．requiring

D．inviting

9 . 用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子,每个单词只能用一次。

month     effect     relax     limit     harm     talent     perform

1. People feel more ________ when wearing casual clothes.
2. The actors are just amazing. They are all very ________.
3. Doctors have warned against the ________ effects of smoking.
4. Your ________ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.
5. The advertisement was simple but remarkably ________.
6. These machines have to be checked ________.
7. We are doing our best with the ________ resources available.

10 . 当你想要拿起手机的时候，告诉自己再多坚持十分钟，一直到你最终完成目标。(hold on) （汉译英）