1 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. 

Are we greening our cities, or just greenwashing them?

Architecture and urban design is chasing a green fever dream. Everywhere you look, there are plans for “sustainable” buildings, futuristic eco-cities and aquaponic farms on the roof, each promising to add a green touch to the modern city.

All of these are surely good ideas at some level. They are trying to repair some of the damage our lifestyle has done to the planet. But, despite the rhetoric of reuniting the city with nature, today’s green urban dream is too often about bringing a technologically controlled version of nature into the city and declaring the problem solved, rather than looking at the deeper causes of our environmental and urban problems.

One of the most striking examples is Apple’s “spaceship” campus now under construction in Silicon Valley. Though it seems to be sustainable and energy efficient—80 percent of its 175-acre site is preserved for landscaping, it is by any measure a huge, expensive and massively resource-intensive project. As a suburban white-collar workplace, it must include vast garages for 13,000 Apple employees. Thus, it will leave no smaller environmental footprint than a traditional office park.

Designing a perfect green building or eco-city isn’t enough to save the world. Although our buildings, like our cars, have been inefficient environmentally, architecture isn’t directly responsible for humanity’s disastrous environmental impacts. An economic system based on the destruction of nature is the real problem. No green building can help us repair the ecological damage we have caused, nor can any number of aquaponic farms bring us back to the real nature.

Instead of adding “nature” to the urban lifestyle, architects may work to design better relationships between our cities and nature, and to promote just relationships between the people in them.

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2 . Direction: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. auto-complete             B. determine             C. essentially             D. grammatical       E. grouped F. indicating                    G. instructions             H. likely                    I. resembles             J. rigidly K. simple

How do AI chatbots answer my questions

Chatbots might appear to be complex conversationalists that respond like real people. But if you take a closer look, they are     1     an advanced version of a program that finishes your sentences by predicting which words will come next. Bard, ChatGPT, and other AI technologies are large language models—a kind of algorithm (算法) trained on exercises similar to the Mad Libs-style questions found on elementary school quizzes. More simply put, they are human-written     2     that tell computers how to solve a problem or make a calculation. In this case, the algorithm uses your prompt and any sentences it comes across to     3     the answer.

Let’s pretend you plugged this sentence into an AI chatbot: “The cat sat on the ______.” First, the language model would have to know that the missing word needs to be a noun to make     4     sense. But it can’t be any noun—the cat can’t sit on the “democracy,” for one. So the algorithm searches texts written by humans to get a sense of what cats actually rest on and picks out the most probable answer. In this scenario, it might     5     the cat sits on the “laptop” 10 percent of the time, on the “table” 20 percent of the time, and on the “chair” 70 percent of the time. The model would then go with the most     6     answer: “chair.” The system is able to use this prediction process to respond with a full sentence. If you ask a chatbot, “How are you?” it will generate “I’m” based on the “you” from the question and then “good” based on what most people on the web reply when asked how they are.

The way these programs process information and arrive at a decision sort of     7     how the human brain behaves. “    8     as this task—predicting the most probable response—is, it actually requires an incredibly advanced knowledge of both how language works and how the world works,” says Yoon Kim, a researcher at MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.

The beauty of language models is that researchers don’t have to     9     define any rules or grammar for them to follow. An AI chatbot learns how to form sentences that make sense by consuming textual elements, which are common sequences of characters     10     together taken from the raw text of books, articles, and websites. All it needs are the patterns and associations it finds among certain words or phrases.

4 .

A．She expects the man to help Brian move to a new house.

B．She expects the man to take mum to Brain’s new house.

C．She expects the man to celebrate mum’s birthday together.

D．She expects the man to make a phone call to Mum.

5 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。1.

A．By trading physical items.	B．By exchanging artistic creativity.
C．By hosting art exhibitions.	D．By making artistic advertisements.

2.

A．Painting and writing.	B．Graphic design and photography.
C．Music and album cover design.	D．Video editing and project management.

3.

A．Members can benefit without efforts.

B．Members can make money by providing artistic services.

C．Members can get copyrights of other artistic offerings.

D．Members can have access to the creative exchange list.

4.

A．Competitive individualism.	B．Artistic cooperation and inspiration.
C．Individual fame in the art field.	D．Material collaboration and exchange.

6 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is one suggestion for reducing waste during Christmas gift-giving, according to the passage?

A．Canceling all the gifts.	B．Applying a “one-gift” rule.
C．Giving children less time to play.	D．Encouraging buying second-hand gifts.

2. What is one alternative to material gifts, according to clinical psychologist Linda Blair?

A．Buying a rare and expensive souvenir.	B．Buying a hand-made craft product.
C．Giving something that won’t cost money.	D．Giving an experience of something new.

3. What is the passage mainly about?

A．The waste caused by Christmas gifts.

B．The importance of buying gifts for children.

C．The creative ideas of giving gifts to avoid waste.

D．The negative effects of receiving too many gifts.

7 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。1.

A．Its regular driving practices and poor vehicles.

B．Its lack of green spaces and air cleaners.

C．Its excessive water pollution and rubbish.

D．Its high air pollution and crowded roads.

2.

A．Establishing a high interest loan scheme.

B．Removing outdated black and white taxis.

C．Encouraging customers to create new ideas.

D．Making advertisements on old vehicles.

3.

A．Because customers are more friendly and richer.

B．Because all new cabs provide air-conditioning.

C．Because all new cabs are equipped with meters.

D．Because car manufacturers can earn extra money.

8 .

A．The fantastic and high-quality camera.

B．The need for better internet connectivity.

C．Their favorite photography techniques.

D．The pros and cons of a new smartphone. Section

9 .

A．She has already been to the café.

B．She is not interested in going to the café.

C．She knows about the café but hasn’t visited it.

D．She wants to go to the café right away.

10 .

A．They told a lot of stories during the meeting.

B．There is no need for them to argue so fiercely in public.

C．Both perspectives should be considered before judging.

D．They should have resolved their issues in private.