When it comes to intangible cultural heritage, China currently has 38 items on the UNESCO list.
Many important dates in China
Apart from its symbolic festive meaning, Chinese cuisine shows
In addition to health concerns, some Chinese dishes show great social
Although each plate of Chinese food contains years of ancestral wisdom, sometimes it’s beyond a
Now, the association is working on an
5 . I’ve had many opportunities to experience living in a foreign culture. But my first experience came in an
With my move north came culture
My first reaction was fear. Fear I would
I learned quickly never to
By the end of my internship, I was a little older, a little wiser and
| A．unusual | B．unexpected | C．unexplored | D．unforgettable |
| A．study | B．travel | C．live | D．explore |
| A．heritage | B．image | C．mixture | D．shock |
| A．crazy | B．equipped | C．packed | D．stressful |
| A．quick | B．familiar | C．unique | D．relaxed |
| A．changes | B．sleeps | C．adapts | D．disappears |
| A．fail | B．battle | C．survive | D．protest |
| A．desire | B．preference | C．respect | D．patience |
| A．overcame | B．forgave | C．admitted | D．negated |
| A．propose | B．confirm | C．suppose | D．ensure |
| A．reviewing | B．biking | C．wandering | D．observing |
| A．proud | B．tired | C．aware | D．afraid |
| A．grown | B．won | C．struggled | D．practiced |
| A．hate | B．miss | C．lose | D．express |
| A．celebration | B．contribution | C．emotion | D．preparation |
6 . When it comes to ways to burn calories, few people think of chewing. But about 3% of the daily energy we burn comes from chewing foods, a new study finds. That's far less than walking or even digesting, but it may have been enough to reshape the faces of our distant ancestors.
Scientists have long suspected our jaw size and tooth shape evolved to make chewing more efficient. As our ancestors shifted their diet to foods that were easier to chew and developed technologies such as chopping (切碎) and cooking to reduce the time and effort spent chewing, the jaw size and tooth shape changed, too, shrinking compared with other primates (灵长目动物). But without knowing how much daily energy we spend chewing, it’s difficult to determine whether saving energy is also a factor in driving these evolutionary changes.
So in the new study, researchers put 21 men and women in a special device—a bubble-like helmet. They then gave the participants a flavorless, calorie-free gum to chew for 15 minutes. While the participants were chewing, the device showed that CO2 levels in their breath rose, indicating their bodies were working harder. When the gum was soft, the metabolism (新陈代谢) of the participants rose by an average of 10%; chewing hard gum required15% more energy than resting.
This finding is essentially a proof of concept: before the arrival of cooking and tool use, early humans likely spent a lot more time chewing, according to study co-author Amanda Henry. Besides, calculating the energy cost of human chewing could give a glimpse into the evolutionary strategies of other hominids (原始人). For example, Australopithecus—a hominid that lived in Africa between 2 million and 4 million years ago—had teeth with chewing surfaces four times larger than modern humans and massive jaw muscles. They must have spent more energy on chewing, and the new study is a first step to calculating how much.
But in the view of Callum Ross, an anatomist at the University of Chicago, energetics alone can hardly explain the way jaws and teeth evolved over time. Other factors—such as jaw shape that minimized tooth breakage or wear, for example—might have been more important. “Natural selection probably cares more about not wearing your teeth out than energy efficiency,” he says.
1. What did the researchers want to know through the new research?| A．Whether chewing caused certain evolutionary changes. |
| B．Whether cooking ways reduced the nutrition in some food. |
| C．Whether food varieties affected our ancestors’ development. |
| D．Whether our facial characteristics differed from other primates'. |
| A．To record the participants’ facial movements. |
| B．To help the participants speed up their metabolism. |
| C．To reveal how chewing gum could save more energy. |
| D．To show how much energy the participants used while chewing. |
| A．The application of the finding. | B．The significance of the finding. |
| C．The limitations of the research. | D．The difficulties of further research. |
| A．Unconcerned. | B．Confused. | C．Doubtful. | D．Supportive. |
1. 摆脱“手机控”的好处。
2. 表明你的看法。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I used to be a smartphone addict
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