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阅读理解-阅读单选(约340词) | 较难(0.4) |
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1 . According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.

To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.

Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.

For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.

The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?

1. What is the recent study mainly about?
A.Food safety.B.Movie viewership.
C.Consumer demand.D.Eating behavior.
2. What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A.Big eaters.B.Overweight persons.
C.Picky eaters.D.Tall thin persons.
3. Why did the researchers hire the actor?
A.To see how she would affect the participants.
B.To test if the participants could recognize her.
C.To find out what she would do in the two tests.
D.To study why she could keep her weight down.
4. On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph?
A.How hungry we are.B.How slim we want to be.
C.How we perceive others.D.How we feel about the food.
2020-07-11更新 | 7697次组卷 | 47卷引用:安徽省马鞍山市第二中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约320词) | 较难(0.4) |
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2 . Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.

Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.

At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.

Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.

1. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.
C.They had similar patters.D.They were closely connected
2. Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2?
A.Complex.B.Advanced.
C.Powerful.D.Modern.
3. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?
A.About 6,800 .B.About 3,400
C.About 2,400D.About 1,200.
4. What is the main idea of the text?
A.New languages will be created.
B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C.Human development results in fewer languages.
D.Geography determines language evolution.
2018-06-09更新 | 10292次组卷 | 62卷引用:安徽省马鞍山市第二中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题
书面表达-图表作文 | 适中(0.65) |
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3 . 学校英文报正在开展以Popular Books among Students 为题的讨论。请依据图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.读书状况描述;
2.简单评论;
3.你的建议。

注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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阅读理解-七选五(约210词) | 适中(0.65) |
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4 . Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music.     1     At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.

After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England.     2     They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.

    3     They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them.     4     The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵) by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market.     5    

A.They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.
B.Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.
C.Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.
D.However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
E.Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.
F.They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night(1964)and Help!(1965).
G.They performed their first concert in America at CBS television’s 53rd street studio.
2019-06-09更新 | 4466次组卷 | 32卷引用:安徽省马鞍山市第二中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题
书面表达-读后续写 | 较难(0.4) |
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5 . 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

In the spring sun, my aunt and I headed for her flower shop. Normally I would be delighted to help in her shop, but not recently because of Rosa. Rosa was my sister, just one month old, who was settled in my old bedroom. For ten years, the small room was full of my toys and books. But now it was transformed into her baby room, decorated like a garden with pinks and yellows. My space, my old life, was gone.

“Here we are!” We arrived at the shop, a wave of colour and sweet smell washing over me. My aunt said I could pick some flowers for Mum and Dad. I used to love this, but today I was so overcome with tiredness and envy. Why bother to bring them flowers when they were enjoying Rosa at home without me?

Silently I helped my aunt arrange flowers. “Your mum told me there hasn’t been much shut eye recently for any of you.” “Not much, since Rosa the alarm clock was installed (安装).” I complained with a huge yawn (哈欠).

“I remember having to creep (蹑手蹑脚地走) around like a worn-out mouse when your mum was a baby. I spent the first months hating her so much.” “But you and Mum seem so close,” I said, guiltily hiding away my envy of Rosa.

“Now we are. But it took me years to grow into the role of big sister. Few flowers blossom (绽放) overnight, you know.” She pulled me in for aside hug, glancing up at the clock, and suggested I take a walk outside.

Behind her shop was a field dotted with spring flowers. Stepping into the field, I began to pick little flowers. It was like gathering my childhood memories. I remembered how I’d sit with Dad, making flower chains, crowning (授予) each other with the silliest titles: Queen of Junk Food and King of Mess. My smile grew wider. The shining yellow flowers reminded me of the color in Rosa’s baby room. Was she awake? I wondered.

注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。

Suddenly I saw two familiar figures walking towards me.

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Rosa was wide awake in her baby basket beside the picnic blanket.

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书信写作-邀请信 | 适中(0.65) |
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6 . 假定你是李华,想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(paper-cutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件,内容包括:
1.展览时间、地点;
2.展览内容。
注意:1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

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2018-05-24更新 | 5197次组卷 | 74卷引用:安徽省含山中学、和县中学2019-2020学年高一联考英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约330词) | 适中(0.65) |
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7 . “Anyone knows single parents who can’t afford to get their child’s hair done for school? I will braid (编辫子) it for free!”Brittany Starks wrote on a Facebook post.

She decided to offer her hair braiding services after a family friend delivered backpacks full of school supplies, clothing and shoes for Cayden and Ceniyah in early August. “At the time, I didn’t have anything for my kids to start school,” said Starks, who is in between homes and staying with her mother. “It meant so much to me.”

The unexpected gift made a big difference to Starks and her children, and it motivated her to pay it forward. Starks, who works two receptionist jobs, also braids hair part-time. “The hair-braiding process involves washing, blow-drying, and finally dividing the hair into small sections and braiding it. It also requires multiple supplies — including combs, brushes, hair jam and additional pieces of hair to weave in. It costs anywhere from $150 to $400 at a salon (美发厅), depending on the style,” Stacks explained. “But it can last for months and is a huge timesaver in the mornings.”

When she wrote the Facebook post, she assumed only a handful of people would reach out,but before she knew it, she had 35 appointments booked. Her Facebook inbox was suddenly full of messages from single parents, whose stories of hardship and financial challenges mirrored her own.

“There’s a huge need for this. I could really relate to a lot of the women who reached out, and it made me realize that what I was doing was really important,” said Stacks. “What got me the most was seeing the kids smile.” Given that there was less than two weeks before the start of school, Starks knew she needed to enlist help.

1. What got Brittany Starks to offer her hair braiding service?
A.A post on Facebook.B.Her friend’s timely help.
C.Her mother’s advice.D.A trip to her kids’ school.
2. What does Starks say about hair braiding?
A.It’s a bit dear.B.It’s time-wasting.
C.It’s an easy job.D.It’s a mother’s duty.
3. How does Starks feel about the response to her Facebook post?
A.Rather disturbing.B.Beyond expectation.
C.Far from satisfactory.D.Very disappointing.
4. What can we infer about Brittany Starks from the text?
A.She is single with one child.B.She is ambitious and arbitrary.
C.She is in need of helping hands.D.She is free from financial worries.
语法填空-短文语填(约200词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了中国书法艺术的起源、演变和不同风格,以及它在中国传统文化中的重要性和影响。书法不仅是一种艺术表达方式,还是一种培养性格、纪律和精神的方式。它对其他艺术形式如绘画、诗歌和篆刻等也有深远的影响。
8 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese calligraphy (书法) is an art form that    1    (involve) the skilled and deliberate use of brush and ink to create beautiful and expressive characters.

The origins of Chinese calligraphy can be traced back thousands of years to the Shang Dynasty, making it one of the     2     (old) continuous artistic traditions in the world. Its evolution is accompanied with the development of the Chinese writing system,     3     consists of thousands of characters, each with its own artistic structure and stroke order (笔顺).

Calligraphy in China    4    (regard) as one of the highest forms of artistic expression. It is not only a means of communication     5     a way to develop one’s character, discipline, and spirituality. The practice of calligraphy requires     6    (patient), concentration, and a deep understanding of the balance between empty space and solid forms.

Different styles of calligraphy have emerged throughout history, each with its own distinct characteristics and artistic conventions. The most famous    7    (style) include regular script (kaishu), running script (xingshu), cursive script (caoshu), and seal script (zhuanshu).

Chinese calligraphy has a profound influence     8     other art forms, such as     9    (paint), poetry, and seal carving. It is often considered as an important part of the Chinese traditional culture, where scholars and artists would gather in a     10    (culture) salon to appreciate and discuss calligraphic works.

阅读理解-阅读单选(约320词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最近的一项研究着眼于为什么城市中的树木比预期的更早变绿,解释了研究开展的过程,以及说明了城市中的树木更早变绿的原因。

9 . Trees don’t look at the calendar to see when spring arrives, but they seem to know when spring is here better than we do. The annual shift from winter to spring is a breathtaking event to watch as leaves become green and a lush(苍翠的) environment reveals itself. Recently a research takes a look at why trees in cities are turning green earlier than expected.

Scientists use satellite imagery to see when plants turn green. By comparing spring green ups in the 85 largest US cities, scientists found that on average trees start to turn green nine days earlier in cities due to the combined effect of artificial lights and urban heat effect.

According to the findings, one of the reasons is the artificial light. City lights brightening the night skies, billboard signs lit up on roadways and car headlights all contribute to shifting the regular day to night cycle that plants and trees rely on. In order to stay alive during cruel winters, trees hit the pause button on their growth. Since temperatures can vary dramatically throughout the winter, the length of daylight is the signal trees look for to safely start growing again and turn green.

On average cities are typically 1.8 to 5.4F warmer than rural areas. This is known as the urban heat island effect. The changes in city environments may affect seasonal changes even more than climate warming and mosquito season, water cycles, and also affect pollinators(授粉媒介).

Despite the worries and concern, it isn’t all bad news. “With a longer growing season, trees would be able to absorb more carbon dioxide,” A researcher said. “Hopefully they’d have a longer period to do the cooling effect that can help relieve the urban heating effect in cities.”

1. What is the purpose of the text?
A.To reveal how trees survive bitter winters.
B.To warn how human activities disturb nature.
C.To explain why trees turn green earlier in cities.
D.To clarify how trees turning green earlier benefits cities.
2. How did the scientists conduct their research?
A.Bringing out urban heat island effect.
B.Comparing the green-up time in sample cities.
C.Allowing the city environment to reveal itself.
D.Developing pictures shot by the satellite.
3. Which of the following elements contributes to trees turning green earlier?
A.Plant pollinators.B.Water cycle.C.Road signs.D.Street lamps.
4. In which section of a website can the text be found?
A.Environment.B.Education.C.Entertainment.D.Business.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太空饮食中食物种类、食物包装等的相关内容。

10 . When you think about it, food is an important part of our lives. Family gatherings center around food and the celebration of major life events and milestones involves food in one way or another. The same holds true for us here on the Space Station. Food is important and ends up usually being a topic of discussion for almost every crew.

The food that we have here on ISS has to meet many different requirements. What about variety? How do you meet all of the peculiarities of the people that you come across, especially when they are from different cultures? What about the logistics(物流)of getting the right food here at the right time? So there are a couple of different questions you have to consider when you talk about food and long-duration space flight.

On the U.S. side we have gone to a standard menu, meaning that every 16 days you start over with the same menu. To compensate the crews, we are allowed to pick one“preference”container which consists of our pick of anything on the U. S. menu list. This allows us some variety in our menu, with the choices up to us. One of the desirable options for any crew is to make sure that enough tortillas(墨西哥玉米粉薄饼) get on board. You can do so much with a tortilla; it becomes the vehicle with which to eat almost anything.

Our food also comes packaged in many ways. But no matter what the form of the food though, you still have the same problem eating it- - you do not want it flying away from you and making a mess when you open it up. In this case a little bit of extra water is extremely helpful. It keeps the food kind of sticking together and to the package and to your spoon. Small things do escape from time to time, but we really try hard to minimize the random flying food problem. That is enough for now! Next time I will write about how to cook in space.

1. Where is the text most probably taken from?
A.A food magazine.B.An astronaut’s journal.
C.A sci-fi handbook.D.A space history website.
2. What does the underlined word “peculiarities” mean in paragraph 2?
A.Ambitious targets.B.Similar requests.
C.Unusual habits.D.Harsh conditions.
3. What is the author’ s purpose in mentioning tortillas?
A.To illustrate the preference container.B.To give an example of standard menu.
C.To advocate tortillas to the readers.D.To show the variety of food options.
4. What can be inferred about eating in space?
A.Food packaging is optional.B.Sufficient water helps transport food.
C.Flying food problem is unavoidable.D.Eating in space is easier than most imagine.
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