1 . Mosquito bites are unavoidable in summer—or is that so? Scientists recently found that mosquitoes are more attracted to some colors than others, which could possibly prove useful to those trying to avoid the annoying bites.

The study found that after a common type of mosquitoes smelled CO₂ the gas humans breathe out—they decided to land on some colored dots (色点) but ignored others.

“Imagine you’re on a sidewalk and you smell toasty,” the lead researcher said in a press release announcing the study’s findings. “That’s probably a sign that there’s a bakery nearby and you might start looking around for it. Here, we started to learn what visual elements that mosquitoes are looking for after smelling their own version of a bakery.”

The research team put different colored dots at the bottom of a box and sprayed (喷洒) them with CO₂. They found that mosquitoes were drawn most to red, orange and black. They also found that mosquitoes ignored green, blue and white. When a researcher reached his hand into the box wearing a green glove, mosquitoes ignored it, even when it was sprayed with CO₂.

Unfortunately, avoiding mosquitoes isn’t as easy as choosing the right color of clothes. Human skin delivers a vivid red-orange “signal” to mosquitoes, the researchers said, making it hard to hide completely

“We previously discovered there are three major hints that attract mosquitoes: your breath, your sweat and the temperature of your skin,” the lead researcher said. “Now we have found a fourth hint: the color red, which can not only be found on your clothes, but is also found in everyone’s skin. The shade of your skin doesn’t matter. We are all giving off a strong red feature.”

While the research found that the mosquitoes appeared to prefer certain colors, it did not measure whether wearing colors like green or blue would help keep away from the mosquitoes. The researchers hope that their findings can help find other methods to drive back the biting insects.

1. Why did the researchers spray the dots with CO₂?

A．It drives mosquitoes away.

B．It is attractive to mosquitoes.

C．It prevents mosquitoes finding targets.

D．It’s a practical material to catch mosquitoes.

2. Which of the following colors causes the least attention from mosquitoes?

A．Red.

B．Black

C．Orange.

D．Blue.

3. What does paragraph 6 focus on?

A．The features of human skin.

B．Factors that attract mosquitoes.

C．What elements mosquitoes ignore.

D．How to choose the color of clothes.

4. What may be the hopeful result of the study?

A．Mosquitoes will disappear someday.

B．Most people will wear colorful clothes.

C．The survival rate of mosquitoes will be affected.

D．More ways will be found to keep mosquitoes off.

2 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Scott Legried was a 50-year -old farmer in Frost, Minnesota. One October morning, he was driving his truck along the country road when a dog popped up out of nowhere. It was too late to hit the brake. Scott had no choice but to turn the wheel sharply to the right to avoid running over the dog.

The dog had a lucky narrow escape, but Scott’s car crashed into the roadside cornfield. He got knocked out and when he came to, he found he was unable to move or even reach for his cellphone lying not far away. Scott was desperate for help.

Fortunately, a motorist driving through the area found Scott and called 911. Scott was rushed to hospital. Without delay, the doctors gave Scott a thorough examination and found that he suffered multiple serious injuries and needed to be operated on immediately. After a 5-hour surgery, Scott was wheeled to his ward, where the doctors told Scott’s wife Susan that it would take several months for Scott to recover before he could do farm work again.

It was really bad news. This was the busiest time of year for the farmers of the region. What the doctors said meant Scott would not be able to bring in their October harvest of soybeans and com in time, which would probably be ruined in the fields. The crops were their hard work of so many days! They meant the world to the family. Besides, wheat should be sown after the soybeans and com were harvested. They couldn’t afford to miss the farm time, but they could do nothing at all since Susan also had to stay in the hospital to accompany and take care of Scot. Feeling extremely anxious and helpless, the couple could hardly fall asleep on the first night in the hospital.

The bad news that Scott had a serious accident spread quickly. The whole community were deeply concerned about him. Frank, director of the community, and some other farmers came to the hospital to see Scott the next day.

注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Frank comforted the couple and promised to help them out.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Two months later, Scott recovered and returned home.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

Although    1    (use) in many Asian countries, chopsticks have their beginning in China. Chinese chopsticks date back over 4,000 years to Xia Dynasty. It’s said that,    2    (save) time for controlling floods, Dayu, a great ruler in ancient China, ate hot food with sticks. By 500 AD, chopsticks had been adopted in many neighboring countries thanks    3    their lightness and convenience.

Chopsticks, with distinctive Chinese features,    4    (praise) by westerners as “China’s    5    (five) great invention”. One end of a chopstick is round and the other is square,    6    (represent) the round sky and square earth. Chopsticks are usually seven cun and six fen in length, which stands for people’s seven emotions and six desires. And Chinese people think chopsticks are    7    (good) than knives because in their eyes metal knives remind people of killing and violence while chopsticks symbolize gentleness and kindness. In a word, chopsticks reveal Chinese philosophy and values and reflect the basic characteristics of Chinese culture and civilization. That is    8    Chinese people have stuck to chopsticks for thousands of years.

Moreover, there is scientific    9    (prove) that using chopsticks does us a lot of good, like increasing finger flexibility, improving eyesight, helping us lose weight and making us smarter.

With China’s influence in the world growing    10    (rapid), more and more foreigners are becoming fond of using chopsticks or collecting elegantly-made chopsticks as artistic treasures. Chopsticks are going global.

5 . At 17, I quit school, left home and moved from place to place. Years later, I was________for possessing drugs. I’d never touched drugs, but nobody believed me because my wandering lifestyle failed to defend my________I was sent to prison.

My cellmate was Herbert. We both worked in the electric shop. I wouldn’t let the fact that I was________imprisoned defeat me; so to keep myself________I volunteered for extra work, My attitude and effort earned me Herbert’s confidence and friendship.

Before Herbert was________, he offered me a job at his big company. Never had I expected________would smile on me! Deeply touched by Herbert’s________I was determined that someday I’d help other ex-prisoners this way.

Once out of prison, I went to Herbert’s company, where I was________rapidly through hard work. When I had a________in employment, I began to perform the________I had made to myself. Through the years, we have offered over 300 ex-prisoners________jobs. We believe in them, regardless of their past.

As we know, prison________a man. When his tern ends, society rarely gives him a paid-in-full receipt. He carries the________of “prisoner” wherever he goes. Nobody trusts or wants him. The only________open for him might lead back to crime. I’m glad I’ve________some of them and inspired their passion for a new life.

1.

A．fired

B．arrested

C．rejected

D．blamed

2.

A．dignity

B．ambition

C．innocence

D．identity

3.

A．unjustly

B．indirectly

C．leisurely

D．readily

4.

A．comfortable

B．satisfied

C．humble

D．occupied

5.

A．sentenced

B．released

C．punished

D．rescued

6.

A．duty

B．freedom

C．courage

D．fortune

7.

A．trust

B．honesty

C．praise

D．forgiveness

8.

A．promoted

B．convinced

C．informed

D．educated

9.

A．choice

B．judgment

C．direction

D．voice

10.

A．task

B．function

C．promise

D．explanation

11.

A．challenging

B．first-rate

C．decent

D．temporary

12.

A．limits

B．transforms

C．disciplines

D．marks

13.

A．label

B．attitude

C．signal

D．manner

14.

A．advice

B．position

C．route

D．reward

15.

A．caught up with

B．reached out to

C．kept away from

D．got ahead of

6 . 75 years after humans successfully put their first object into space, it’s much easier to launch a satellite, but a lot messier once we’re up there.”    1    There are around 5000 satellites in orbit with fewer than half actually working. When a satellite stops functioning, it keeps orbiting at very high speeds, making a great threat for the useful ones.

So space sustainability has become a big concern.    2    One suggested solution is to refuel the dead satellites and bring them back to life. Another concept is to use a robot with four arms to catch a dead satellite before pulling it into the atmosphere to burn it up.

    3    Operating a robot from hundreds of miles away is tough. And the world hasn’t yet reached a consensus (共识) on why we should clear the space junk and there are no real rules that govern how we work out there.

First why should we keep things clean in orbit? We use satellites to check the weather, find our way around, and for financial purposes. Space data gives us not just beautiful pictures of the earth, but also information about climate change, natural disasters and other things that can help humans with earthbound challenges.    4    

Then how can we humans think as one big community? Governments should make powerful regulations. Companies ought to engage in shared practices and scientists are expected to think up practical methods.    5    Only in this way can we keep those orbital highways open for the next generation and beyond before they are deadly blocked by space junk.

A．They provide services closely related to our life.

B．This is hard both technically and politically, though.

C．Anyway, we should quicken the pace of clearing up.

D．Space is getting increasingly crowded and dangerous.

E．So we depend largely on space and it needs to be tidied up.

F．Scientists are struggling for strategies to tackle the problem.

G．All of these have been integrated into the solutions we really need.

7 . When Andre too the stand in a courtroom on a fall afternoon in 2022, he testified (作证) to the financial worth of an old-growth redwood.

Andre is a registered professional forester in California. Before his testification, foresters from Redwood National and State Parks in northern California were deep into a months-long investigation of burl poaching (树瘤偷猎). Burls, the bark covered growths that can stick out from a tree’s trunk, produce a wood that’s valued for its unique grain and smooth workability. Because of their beauty and relative rarity, old-growth burls fetch very high prices and are eventually turned into tables and bowls, or carved into statues.

Burl poaching is an ongoing concern in northern California’s parks. It affects the stability of some of the only old-growth coastal redwoods: Only 4% of the coastal redwoods remain, and 45% of those are conserved in park boundaries. When someone poaches a burl from one of these ancient trees, it leaves the tree with structural damage that can kill it, and makes it more subject to disease.

When poaching cases are brought to trial, judges are tasked with arguing for a punishment that takes a tree’s worth into account. The reliance on a purely market-based fine is gradually falling from favor. Judges have started arguing more forcefully for valuation that considers the forest as a complex ecosystem, within which old-growth is just a single, yet crucial, element. It’s a shift from the easily quantifiable toward a multi-aspect consideration of worth. The gravity of poaching is most felt, not simply the loss of a marketable resource. The new strategy is partly due to the surprisingly low fines for poachers, usually based on that week’s wood market data.

Finally, the judges handed down two years’ probation (缓刑), community service hours and a $1,200 fine to the poacher. Although judges and foresters continue to argue for expanding definitions of “worth”", poaching from American forests still remains worth the risk.

1. What drives poachers to steal old growth redwood burls?

A．The absence of a forest law.	B．The burls’ medicinal properties.
C．The commercial profits from burls.	D．The burls’ fast reproduction ability.

2. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us?

A．Where redwoods are distributed.

B．How many varieties of redwoods exist.

C．What threat burl poaching poses to redwoods.

D．Why California’s parks are home to redwoods.

3. On what basis should the punishment for poachers be determined?

A．Overall value of the tree.	B．Previous poaching cases.
C．Average wood market prices.	D．Environmental impacts of the tree.

4. What can be inferred about the new way to judge poaching cases?

A．It fails to reach desired effects.

B．It causes panic among poachers.

C．It discourages people from poaching.

D．It guarantees reasonable sentences to poachers.

8 . Drone hobbyists will be required to register their aircraft with the government or face unspecified penalties (处罚), the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) announced a new law on Monday.

The move is an attempt to prevent drones endangering air safety, as the number of complaints about errant (偏离的) flyers has skyrocketed in recent months, the FAA said.

“We are certainly seeing a significant increase in reports,” Huerta, administrator of the FAA, said. “Clearly, this is an industry that is taking off. And there are a lot of activities taking place in the national airspace system.”

Drones are taking to the skies in groups, and the number of tiny flyers is expected to multiply in the coming years. Amazon and Google aim to use drones to deliver commercial goods in the next decade. Already this year, pilots and others have reported 100 complaints about drones a month, roughly double the rate of complaints in 2021, the FAA said. Many of those complaints are about close calls, in which drones narrowly miss other aircraft.

The FAA bars people from flying drones within 5 miles of an airport, or higher than 400 feet above the ground. But increasingly, drone pilots are breaking those rules. In August, for instance, two airplanes landing at Kennedy International Airport came within 100 feet of a drone flying at a height of roughly 800 feet. When such drones violate (侵犯) airspace, the government currently has no way to locate their operators.

The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and the FAA are working out the details, but right now, the new registry wouldn’t require drones to carry trackers. And it wouldn’t institute a policy of “geofencing”, which involves creating marked-off safe spaces where drones would automatically be deactivated.

“Unless a drone crashes, it could be difficult to identify tiny flyers from sight alone. But our biggest challenge so far has not been identifying the drone itself. It’s been connecting it back to the person who’s using it,” said Foxx, secretary of the TSA.

1. Why did the FAA announce the law?

A．To promote drones’ business services.

B．To regulate drones for airspace security.

C．To adjust the flight direction of errant drones.

D．To charge people for personal use of airspace.

2. What does the underlined word “bars” in paragraph 5 mean?

A．Frees.

B．Saves.

C．Distracts.

D．Prohibits.

3. What is the major problem that the TSA faces concerning drones?

A．Building safe drone airspace.

B．Tracking down the drone pilots.

C．Publicizing current flight rules.

D．Planting trackers on the drones.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Drones Will Get People in Trouble

B．America Is Expanding Drone Industry

C．Complaints About Drones Continue to Pour in

D．Flying Unregistered Drones Will Be Illegal in the US

9 . Kids everywhere love to play. And they know a ball is a perfect thing to play with. Now scientists at London’s Queen Mary University report that bumblebees seem to know the same thing, making bumblebees the first insects known to play.

When people talk about “play”, they’re describing an animal doing something that doesn’t really seem to help it. They’re not doing the action to get food or shelter or another similar “reward”. Play usually happens when a creature is relaxed and is often repeated.

However, scientists think many animals and birds’ playing is a kind of training for things they’ll have to deal with in later life. But before this, there were no reports of insects playing.

Scientists at Dr. Chittka’s lab, carried out an experiment. First, they tagged (贴标签) 45 young bumblebees, both male and female, between 1 and 23 days old. The tags made the bees easier to identify and follow.

The scientists set up a clear pathway from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. On either side of the open pathway, the researchers placed small colored wooden balls. On one side of the path, the balls were attached and couldn’t move. On the other side, the balls could roll around. It turned out that the bumblebees weren’t interested in the unmovable balls, but they made lots of visits to the rolling balls.

Grabbing the balls with their legs, the bees would flap (拍打) their wings to pull on the balls, causing them to roll. The 45 tagged bumblebees rolled balls 910 times during the experiment. Though some only did it once, others did it a lot. The younger bumblebees spent more time rolling balls. Males seemed more likely to play than females.

“It’s not clear why the bees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings. With further research, the future will hold surprises and answers in store for us,” said Dr. Chittka.

1. What is the purpose of animals’ play according to scientists?

A．To find ideal shelter.

B．To receive extra rewards.

C．To develop survival skills.

D．To get their fellows’ attention.

2. What did Dr. Chittka’s experiment focus on?

A．Bumblebees’ categories.	B．Bumblebees’ habitats.
C．Bumblebees’ intelligence.	D．Bumblebees’ behavior.

3. What was the result of the experiment?

A．Younger male bumblebees preferred to roll the balls.

B．Bumblebees possessed different wing beat frequency.

C．Bumblebees could distinguish balls of different colors.

D．A specially-built pathway helped bumblebees find food.

4. What is Dr. Chittka’s attitude to their future research?

A．Uncertain.

B．Doubtful.

C．Optimistic.

D．Critical.

10 . CALIFORNIA COLLEGE OF THE ARTS’ PRE-COLLEGE PROGRAM

Have you ever wondered what it’s like to be in art and design school? This is your time to grow as an individual and take your creative power to the next level!

The California College of the Arts’ Pre-College Program is open to all interested participants, those with little art and design experience and those with advanced skills. Participants will have the opportunity to take studio-focused, college-level courses to help make concepts and ideas into real works while earning 3 college credits.

In-person: July 7- August 3

Animation 3D

Architecture

Illustration/Drawing

Industrial Design

Painting/Drawing

Your setting will be the CCA San Francisco campus. Your backdrop will be the San Francisco Bay Area, home to powerhouse brands, tech companies, world-class museums, and a dynamic ecosystem of artists, designers, and creatives from across the globe.

Online offerings: June 27—July 29

These three studios all begin at 9 a.m. Monday through Friday.

Animation 2D/3D

Fashion Design

Game Design

Online students do not have access to or participate in on-campus resources and activities. Online courses are typically smaller in size and taught by highly successful artists, architects, designers and writers. Most classes meet two to five times weekly and assign homework, research papers, midterms and finals.

Additional Activities:

Optional evening and weekend activities such as life drawing sessions, lectures, and interdisciplinary (跨学科) workshops enhance the overall program experience. A calendar of activities will be provided to students two weeks before the program begins.

Qualification:

The program is designed for the students who will have completed their senior year of high school by summer 2023.

1. In which aspect will the program benefit the participants?

A．Winning a college scholarship.

B．Enhancing their creativity.

C．Getting all credits required at college.

D．Having their artworks published.

2. What can we learn about the online offerings?

A．The courses are given by top professionals.

B．Online students can use on-campus resources.

C．The evening and weekend activities are a must.

D．Students highly-experienced in arts enjoy priority.

3. Who is the program targeted at?

A．Music geniuses.	B．Students majoring in art.
C．College freshmen.	D．High school graduates of 2023.