4 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Ever since Jake first watched the 1988 Olympics held in Seoul, South Korea, he had dreamed of being in the Olympics. For years, he had worked hard to become a good swimmer, training and practicing. Two decades later, he was in Beijing, China, for his first Olympic performance, as part of his country’s swimming team!

The Olympic Stadium was packed with athletes from all over the world, all eagerly awaiting the start of the opening parade (入场式). The atmosphere was electric and everything seemed perfect. Almost.

Jake loved his red, white and blue official Olympic jacket with the Olympic rings on the back. But several minutes before, Jake had torn a hole in the left sleeve (袖子) of his jacket when it got caught in a gate.

“Too bad about your jacket,” his teammate, Ben, commented.

“I hope nobody notices it,” Jake sighed.

“Someone will,” Ben laughed.

Jake didn’t respond as he was already feeling annoyed and depressed after having to deal with his lost suitcase when they landed at the airport the day before. He could not believe how things were not going his way.

Suddenly, a lovely little girl about 8 years old came up to Jake and pointed at the tear in his sleeve. Jake smiled at her. The girl started speaking in a language he couldn’t understand, all the while pointing at his torn sleeve. Unable to catch a word, Jake turned to his teammates for help but all of them shook their heads with a helpless expression. At that moment, the little girl began to take off her own jacket that was marked with a red English word “China” and looked up at Jake eagerly, signing to Jake to do so.

“Oh, I get it. You want to try it on. Here you go!” Jake slipped off the jacket and handed it to her. The Chinese girl took it, bowed and took off with his jacket right away!

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

“Can’t she be a little thief?” Ben joked, pointing at her back.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Jake turned around, only to see the little girl coming.

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5 . In a video submitted to a nationwide science competition, Heman Bekele from Virginia spelled out his mission briefly — cure cancer, one bar of soap at a time. He created a cheap soap that could potentially help fight skin cancer. His invention won him the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” at the 3M Young Scientist Challenge, an annual competition that invites students in grades five through eight to “change their world for the better with a single innovative idea”, on October 10, 2023.

At age 4, Heman moved to America from Ethiopia, where he always saw people constantly working under the hot sun. While he considered ideas for the competition, it struck him that so many people in his hometown were unaware of the risk of sun exposure. The recollections fueled his decision to focus his research on skin cancer.

“I hoped to make my idea something that not only was great in terms of science but also could be affordable for as many people as possible,” Heman said. As he initially thought about his approach, Heman wanted his product to be something as much of a “constant” in people’s life as possible, an item that was most convenient in contrast to other medicinal products.

In June 2023, he was selected as a top-ten finalist and paired with 3M product engineering specialist Deborah Isabelle to develop and test a physical prototype (原型) of his idea. It took the pair four months of trial and error to create “Skin Cancer Treating Soap” (SCTS). The bar contains chemicals that restore the body’s dendritic cells killed by cancer cells. Once reconstructed, dendritic cells, the body’s first line of defense against cancer and infections, are capable of fighting against cancer cells. SCTS, which costs just 50 cents a bar, still has to undergo clinical trials. The process could take over five years.

Heman’s plan for the soap stretches far beyond the winning. He has a five-year plan, which includes seeking approval from the Food and Drug Administration. He also hopes to start a nonprofit to distribute the soap in the future. “There is still a lot left to do,” the 14-year-old teenager said.

1. What inspired Heman’s idea for the invention?

A．Folk tales.	B．Childhood memories.
C．Working experiences.	D．Medical observations.

2. In which aspect did Heman want his product to differ from other treatments?

A．Accessibility.

B．Function.

C．Security.

D．Effectiveness.

3. How does SCTS work?

A．It minimizes solar radiation.	B．It kills cancer cells directly.
C．It reactivates destroyed cells.	D．It removes viruses from the skin.

4. Which of the following best describes Heman according to the last paragraph?

A．Industrious and sociable.	B．Ambitious and caring.
C．Intelligent and competitive.	D．Sensitive and conservative.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Acupuncture (针灸), an ancient Chinese medical practice, has given countless patients     1     (relieve) of suffering and pain for thousands of years.

    2     treatment aims to promote the body’s self-regulating functions. Evolving from the discovery     3     using stone needles to stick specific points into the skin and underlying tissues could ease pain, acupuncture has become an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine, the philosophical concepts of     4     emphasize balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well-being. Acupuncture is also in line with the philosophy that promotes the     5     (harmony) coexistence of humans with nature.

In the book Records of the Grand Historian, which Sima Qian     6     (write) about 2,100 years ago, Bian Que, a     7     (true) skilled physician during the Warring States Period, was well known for having saved a prince     8     “death” by using needles to stimulate the Baihui acupoint (穴位) on the head of the unconscious man.

Over the years, acupuncture     9     (see) many advancements in scientific research and become a global and mainstream alternative treatment for various illnesses. According to a WHO report     10     (issue) in 2019, acupuncture is widely used in 113 of its 120 member countries, illustrating its increasing recognition and application.

8 . Leigh Ann Sondrup, a devoted nurse at Valleywise, earned the title of a hero after a remarkable off-duty rescue.

The extraordinary chain of events unfolded as Sondrup was heading home from _________ one morning. Having just completed her fourth straight night shift, she was _________. Driving on State Route 143 near Sky Harbor, Sondrup suddenly noticed a horrible situation in the distance. As she _________, she found a concrete truck had overturned, with a man _________ inside.

Emergency first responders had not yet made it to the _________. Despite her tiredness, Sondrup didn’t _________ to make a decision to intervene.

She _________ her car. No other cars were moving on the road, _________ her to safely walk across the usually busy highway. She got closer to the truck and then quickly _________ the situation. She discovered the driver was still conscious, but severely injured and losing __________ at an alarming rate. Every second counted. She __________ crawled (爬) underneath the overturned truck. In a display of resourcefulness, she __________ the man’s belt to stop the bleeding.

Months later, the man who had suffered a life-threatening injury reached out to Sondrup to express his gratitude for a second __________ at life. The Phoenix Fire Department recognized Sondrup for her __________ actions. When interviewed, Sondrup said she maintained a strong __________ that everyone serves a purpose in life and that she was glad to have done her part when duty called.

1.

A．exercise

B．work

C．vacation

D．school

2.

A．high-spirited

B．cut-off

C．worn-out

D．heart-broken

3.

A．awoke

B．wandered

C．departed

D．approached

4.

A．trapped

B．transported

C．questioned

D．laid

5.

A．office

B．scene

C．hospital

D．base

6.

A．continue

B．attempt

C．offer

D．hesitate

7.

A．held onto

B．warmed up

C．pulled over

D．backed up

8.

A．forcing

B．allowing

C．reminding

D．requiring

9.

A．controlled

B．pictured

C．assessed

D．revealed

10.

A．blood

B．heart

C．balance

D．strength

11.

A．accidentally

B．secretly

C．curiously

D．quickly

12.

A．marked

B．employed

C．swung

D．fetched

13.

A．encounter

B．choice

C．lesson

D．chance

14.

A．courageous

B．optimistic

C．amusing

D．effortless

15.

A．assumption

B．proposal

C．belief

D．character

9 . Culture shock is the experience that often accompanies moving to an unfamiliar place. It could be marked by feeling lost, anxious or hesitant.     1     You’ll become accustomed to the same things that initially “shocked” you! Read on for tips for overcoming culture shock in a short time.

When deciding to visit an entirely new place, don’t expect the traditions and cultures followed by your current home to be followed by the new land.     2     So keep your expectations low.

Even though it is an unfamiliar environment hosting different cultures and traditions from the one you’re used to, it’s vital to broaden your mind and be willing to try new things. Don’t be quick to form discriminatory judgments just because it is “odd”. Have a go at something different, like a food or clothing — different isn’t necessarily bad.     3    

Social psychologists claim that lack of information is the biggest contributor to prejudices. Talk to the local population and ask them about how their culture works instead of assuming the worst.     4     Plus, you’ll make some friends who can ease your transformation.

Keep yourself open-minded, await new experiences and familiarize yourself with the conduct of the people.     5     Go out there and have fun!

A．Integrity breaks down barriers.

B．You can gain insight into your surroundings.

C．Culture shock will eventually disappear, though.

D．Every city or country has its own values and beliefs.

E．Never do you know where you might find an interest.

F．Consequently, such memories are what you should treasure.

G．As long as you stick to that, you’ll soon adjust to the new culture.

10 . Do you have a favorite sport? Are you passionate about sewing or reading? Typically, you engage in these activities simply because you enjoy them. Would you be taken aback to know the overjustification effect that when you are rewarded for your beloved activities, your desire to participate in them diminishes?

Edward Deci, a psychology professor, conducted a series of experiments, in one of which Deci divided the participants into two groups: one was paid to complete a puzzle, and the other was not paid to. After money was removed, the group that was previously paid to play showed less motivation to complete the task than the group that was never paid and only did the puzzle for enjoyment. The outcome demonstrated the overjustification effect, which occurs when an external stimulation decreases a person’s internal motivation to perform a behavior or engage in an activity.

According to the self-determination theory, three conditions are essential for people to feel internally motivated and perform at their best: autonomy, freedom from external restrictions; competence, the need to feel capable, and relatedness, the need to feel connected with others. In Deci’s experiment, money acted as a tie, which reduced participants’ autonomy, a crucial component of internal motivation, discouraging them from experiencing the freedom of external restrictions. The pressure to perform for the money lessened the pleasure and freedom felt by those who were doing the puzzle merely for fun.

But if external stimulation is tied to performance, the overjustification effect is less influential. For example, being rewarded for studying is unlikely to decrease internal motivation because the grade depends upon actually doing well rather than just going through the motions.

While the overjustification effect can reduce motivation, some strategies can lower its impact. One is to focus on providing feedback and recognition rather than concrete rewards. For instance, praising an individual’s effort or acknowledging their accomplishments can maintain their internal motivation. Additionally, allowing individuals to have autonomy and control over their tasks also works. By giving them the freedom to choose how they complete tasks, individuals are more likely to be internally motivated and experience a greater sense of satisfaction and engagement.

1. What does the underlined word “diminishes” in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Remains.

B．Weakens.

C．Ceases.

D．Solidifies.

2. How did Deci prove the overjustification effect in the experiment?

A．By interpreting a concept.

B．By presenting an argument.

C．By making a comparison.

D．By describing a phenomenon.

3. What is mainly illustrated in paragraph 3?

A．The skills needed for a puzzle.

B．The core elements of inner drives.

C．The impact of autonomy on competence.

D．The theoretical basis for the overjustification effect.

4. Which serves as an example of preventing the overjustification effect?

A．Speaking highly of a pupil’s hard work.

B．Rewarding a kid with candy for playing the violin.

C．Offering a clerk financial bonuses for daily routines.

D．Promising an employee a decent position for doing his duty.