2 . Europe draws unnecessarily too much on the earth’s food resources, which is why researchers are calling for political actions to reduce food loss and waste on the continent.

According to researchers, “food loss” occurs from the primary agricultural sector to the food processing industry and the wholesale sector, while from the retail (零售) sector towards the service industry and households, we refer to it as “food waste”.

“Halving Europe’s food loss and waste could largely help solve the challenges of food shortages in the world,” says Marianne Thomson, research leader and professor of sustainable food systems at UCPH. The researchers’ calculations show halving food loss and waste in Europe equals saving 8% of the greenhouse gas, along with a saving of about 12% of agricultural areas. In addition, there is a saving of 7% of water consumption, and 14% of energy in the food production for the citizens of Europe.

The calculations apply a consumption-based approach. This includes the greenhouse gas from locally produced and imported food in European countries, while leaving out foods produced inside but exported to other countries.

This is why countries should take actions to reduce food loss and waste at all stages of the food supply chain. Marianne Thomson introduces monitoring and reporting of food loss and waste by all actors along the food supply chain as an important action.

Such an action, combined with other types of similar actions, may be a strong encouragement for companies and the rest of society to put in time and money for new technology and combined efforts to prevent food loss and waste along the food supply chain. Producing companies can cooperate on upcycling (升级改造) products. The service industry can apply upcycled materials produced from food not needed in the wholesale sector, and at the same time encourage costumers to take smaller portions by reducing the plate size.

“Cutting food loss and waste by 50% in Europe requires political actions, and also the actions need to adapt to national circumstances and specific regional and local challenges,” says Marianne Thomson.

1. What is the researchers’ ultimate aim?

A．To decrease food loss and waste.

B．To criticize Europe for overusing food.

C．To look for new products for Europeans.

D．To arouse people’s awareness of food shortage.

2. What is presented in paragraph 3?

A．Possible causes.	B．Solving strategies.
C．Research findings.	D．Calculating methods.

3. What do we know about the action put forward by Marianne Thomson?

A．It requires producing less food for citizens of Europe.

B．It gives no consideration to the food produced out of Europe.

C．It needs joint efforts of everyone along the food supply chain.

D．It costs too much time and money of food producing companies.

4. What can we learn from the passage?

A．Food loss and waste appear at every stage of the supply chain.

B．Smaller sizes of plates lead to people’s eating more than they need.

C．Political actions to reduce food loss and waste meet with no difficulty.

D．Cutting food loss and waste in Europe by 50% means saving 14% agricultural lands.

3 . After seeing the difficult living conditions for children in a migrant (移民) camp in Tijuana, Mexico, Estefanía Rebellón took matters into her own hands.

She could not believe what she saw: families lacking even the most basic supplies. The children, sometimes shoeless and often dirty, clearly had no place to go.

Back at home, Rebellón could think of nothing else. “We have to do something,” she told her partner, Kyle Thomas Schmidt. A school — a safe place for the children to gather and learn — seemed much-needed. So, Rebellón and Schmidt hired volunteer teachers via social media, and using a thousand dollars from their savings, set up a temporary school at the Tijuana border. Classes were held in two large tents.

In five years, that pilot program has grown into the non-profit Yes We Can World Foundation, which operates three classrooms in transformed school buses and two schools in Tijuana, plus another in Ciudad Juarez, a Mexican city directly across the border from El Paso, Texas.

Funded by donations, the foundation’s now well-trained teachers have provided a bilingual education to more than 3,000 kids from ages 3 to 15. The schools follow an official curriculum (课程) from Mexico’s education ministry. As well, Yes We Can offers special courses, including one that helps kids understand more about human migration.

“The program’s success is easy to see,” says Josh Phelps, former director of operations for World Central Kitchen, which has provided meals to some Yes We Can schools. “The kids really enjoy it. There are huge smiles on their faces.”

More than 6.6 million people live in refugee camps around the world, according to the UN Refugee Agency. Rebellón says she’d like to expand the foundation’s reach and support migrant children globally.

“She is a powerhouse,” says Phelps, “and, I think, one of the most important people doing work at the border right now.”

1. What does the underlined part “took matters into her own hands” in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Relied on others.	B．Got rid of it.
C．Took it into account.	D．Dealt with it herself.

2. Why did Rebellón launch the program?

A．To find houses for migrants.

B．To establish a school for migrant children.

C．To raise money for migrants.

D．To provide migrants with daily necessities.

3. Which of the following best describes Rebellón?

A．Easy-going and ambitious.	B．Quick-thinking and generous.
C．Open-minded and imaginative.	D．Warm-hearted and responsible.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．How We Can Provide Education for Migrants?

B．One Woman Founded Schools for Migrant Children

C．One of the Greatest Women in the World — Rebellón

D．Yes We Can World Foundation — a Nonprofit Organization

4 . Holiday Stress

The whole point of a holiday surely is to get away from everything, to give yourself some “time off” and to fight the mental tiredness.     1    

Despite a holiday being designed to help you fight stress, it can actually create many stressful issues that you might not have considered beforehand.     2     Meanwhile, you’ll be concerned about things going wrong and costing you a lot of money and then when you’re out there you might miss all the usual ease. Consequently, when your comforts and routines are taken away, you can end up feeling rather stressful.

Travelling on the plane and even just getting to the airport can be much more stressful when you have to drag around lots of huge cases.     3     And pack light, even if it means you have to buy a towel when you get out there.

Usually, you are stressed about some aspects of your holiday.     4     For example, if your hotel failed to have your reservation, you could easily stay somewhere else and then get your money back later.

The great thing about holiday is that you get a period of time to deal with any stress you might be facing. When you arrive at your destination and find you are full of holiday stress, why not take a day out to just lie around on the beach and to listen to the waves.     5    

Overall, with all those in mind, you can ensure your trip is more of a positive experience than a negative one.

A．We will look at what causes holiday stress.

B．Nonetheless, it can possible be a stressful thing.

C．However, you know the great thing about being on holiday.

D．It works to think of how you would manage in that situation.

E．This contributes to fighting any stress you might be experiencing.

F．It’s a good idea to minimize the amount of luggage you’re carrying.

G．You might spend the week packing luggage and worrying about almost everything.

5 . One day during the 2007 — 2008 financial crisis, my dad took my brother and me to shop for school clothes. He had been _________ and was trying to find a job. My mom _________ a fast food restaurant, just enough to make a living. Even though I was _________, I realized that life was tough.

It seemed _________ to go shopping at that time, but we needed new _________ for the new school year. We each got two outfits and one pair of shoes. My brother wanted a pair of basketball shorts and my dad couldn’t say no, so he _________ them as well.

While we were _________, my dad seemed to be more and more _________ as the price went up on the register. Once everything was scanned, he realized he didn’t have enough money. He asked the cashier to take off the extra shorts_________ he still couldn’t afford it. He apologized to the man behind us while he tried to __________ what to take off. My dad was on the edge of __________.

Then, the man behind us gave the cashier a $100 bill to pay for us and told her to give the __________ to my dad. My dad tried to turn down but the man __________. My dad asked for his phone number so he could pay him back in the future, but the man told my dad to help someone else in need and that would be enough.

I, to this day, still remember __________ what he looked like. Whenever I see people __________, I remember his face and I try to help them as best I can.

1.

A．taken over

B．laid off

C．helped out

D．turned down

2.

A．frequented

B．worked

C．managed

D．exchanged

3.

A．young

B．busy

C．smart

D．sensitive

4.

A．common

B．fun

C．great

D．strange

5.

A．supplies

B．clothes

C．shoes

D．books

6.

A．grabbed

B．paid

C．dropped

D．donated

7.

A．stepping out

B．checking out

C．going out

D．bursting out

8.

A．defeated

B．delighted

C．relieved

D．bored

9.

A．but

B．so

C．or

D．and

10.

A．cast away

B．show off

C．figure out

D．make up

11.

A．victory

B．collapse

C．destruction

D．consciousness

12.

A．change

B．cheque

C．menu

D．note

13.

A．sighed

B．insisted

C．complained

D．promised

14.

A．exactly

B．hardly

C．nearly

D．curiously

15.

A．working

B．shopping

C．crying

D．struggling

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It was in 2019,     1     Zakirova came to Shanghai to study, that she discovered a local park filled with elderly people     2     (dance) in the early morning. No one judges the dancers for a misstep or for not keeping up with the rhythm. They simply dance and enjoy the moment. Usually,     3     (experience) dancers lead, while newcomers observe, learn, and eventually join in.     4     (occasion), she’d also join and dance with the Chinese. In her opinion, this public activity ignores age and background, offering     5     effective method to handle the loneliness and physical inactivity that often goes hand in hand with aging. It is a heartwarming proof to the openness and liveliness of modern Chinese society: older people and retired people gather, not just     6     (exercise), but to socialize and form new connections.

By the time she came to China, Zakirova     7     (take) part in various dances, including traditional Uzbek dances and various other cultural dances. On campus, she taught students from other corners of the world Uzbek dances in exchange     8     the learning of dances from their traditions. Outside the university, she often found     9     (she) wandering into parks watching the public square dances.

These two worlds — the public dancing in China and the Uzbek dance tradition — have shaped her life and brought her boundless joy.

Dancing, whether in China     10     Uzbekistan, serves as a reminder that the joy of dance goes beyond borders, languages, and backgrounds.

7 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Last weekend, I was standing at the finish line of the St. Francis Franny Flyer 5-kilometer (5K) race, waiting for my nine-year-old son Kade to cross it.

Kade, though a fourth-grader, was already a skilled runner. He had been a part of a cross-country club since he was six years old. He had been working hard to improve his endurance and running skills ‘as he was determined to be a professional runner and compete in national and international races when he was older.

There were two St. Francis Franny Flyer races happening at the same time that day. The 5K race weaved (穿行) through neighborhoods, from the church to Pinecone Road and back while the 10K followed the same route but extended north on Pinecone Road. Race volunteers were available on Pinecone Road to show runners the way, and there were also signs directing the two different courses.

I signed Kade up for the 5K race as a way to train him for the Junior Olympics. He had never run a 10K race, not even in training, so the 10K race was never an option.

Kade was pretty fast and he set a 5K record for his age group at last year’s race, so I was surprised to see slower runners crossing the finish line before him. “This is odd. He should be ahead of them. He might just be having a bad race,” I thought to myself. But as the minutes passed, my worry intensified. My heart raced at the thought that Kade might be lost or injured.

Anxious and worried, I drove along the 5K race route in search of Kade, but he was nowhere to be found. A surge of fear and despair overwhelmed me, causing a flood of tears to pour down my face. I turned to race officials and volunteers for help, and people started looking for him.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Later, a volunteer told me he had spotted Kade on the 10K course.

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After what seemed like a long time, Kade finally appeared.

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