1 . Since young children went back to school across Sweden recently, many of their teachers have been putting a new emphasis on printed books, quiet reading time and handwriting practice, and devoting less time to tablets, independent online research and keyboarding skills.
The return to more traditional ways of learning is a response to politicians and experts questioning whether Sweden’s hyper-digitalized approach to education, including the introduction of tablets in nursery schools, had led to a decline in basic skills.
Sweden’s minister for schools, Lotta Edholm was one of the biggest critics of the all-out embrace of technology. “Sweden’s students need more textbooks,” Edholm said in March. “Physical books are important for student learning.” The minister announced in August that the government wanted to change the decision by the national agency for education to make digital devices compulsory in preschools. It plans to go further and to completely end digital learning for children under age six, the ministry has told the Associated Press.
Although Sweden’s students score above the European average for reading ability, an international assessment of fourth-grade reading levels, the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS), highlighted a decline among Sweden’s children between 2016 and 2021.
In comparison, Singapore — which topped the rankings — improved its PIRLS reading scores from 576 to 587 during the same period, and England’s average reading achievement score fell only slightly, from 559 in 2016 to 558 in 2021. An overuse of screens during school lessons may cause youngsters to fall behind in core subjects, education experts say. “There’s clear scientific evidence that digital tools impair rather than enhance student learning,” Sweden’s Karolinska Institute, a highly respected medical school focused on research, said in a statement in August on the country’s national digitalization strategy in education.
“We believe the focus should return to acquiring knowledge through printed textbooks and teacher expertise, rather than acquiring knowledge primarily from freely available digital sources that have not been checked for accuracy.” the school added.
1. Why do Swedish schools return to paper books?A.To cater to parents’ increasing needs. |
B.To help with children’s independent learning. |
C.To overcome children’s addiction to digital tools. |
D.To avoid possible decline in children’s basic skills. |
A.Total acceptance. | B.Creative use. |
C.Rapid development. | D.Serious addiction. |
A.Teachers should acquire more knowledge. |
B.Knowledge from digital tools may not be reliable. |
C.Digital tools smooth out learning barriers for children. |
D.The accessibility to digital sources should be improved. |
A.Swedish Children’s Return to Paper | B.Problems with Children’s Education |
C.Popularity of Digitalization in Sweden | D.Enhancement of Teaching Strategies in Sweden |
2 . In a world of music streaming services, access to almost any song is just a few clicks away. Yet, the live concert lives on. People still fill sweaty basements to hear their favorite musicians play. And now neuroscientists might know why.
Concerts are immersive social experiences in which people listen to and feel the music together. They are also dynamic — artists can adapt their playing according to the crowd’s reaction.
It was this last difference that led neuroscientists, from Universities of Zurich and Oslo, to study the brain responses of people listening to music. In the experiment, participants lay in an MRI (核磁共振) scanner listening to the music through earphones, while a pianist was positioned outside the room. The pianist was shown the participant’s real-time brain activity as a form of feedback. In the recorded condition, participants listened to pre-recorded versions of the same tunes.
The scientists were interested in how live music affected the areas of the brain that process emotions. In the live condition pianists were instructed to change their playing in order to drive the activity in one of these regions known as the amygdala.
The results, just published in the journal PNAS, showed that live music had far more emotional impact. Whether the music was happy or sad, listening to the pianist playing in a dynamic way generated more activity in both the amygdala and other parts of the brain’s emotion processing network.
The study was far from reconstructing the real experience of a concert, and the authors noted that the live music ended up sounding quite different from the recorded tracks, which may have driven some of the differences in participant’s brain activity. Some musical acts now attempt to recreate the real concert experience with everything but the artist — ABBA Voyage is a social, immersive show performed entirely by pre-recorded hologram avatars (全息图). But without Benny’s (a member of the band) ability to read the mood of the room, it will never quite match the real thing.
1. What caused the scientists to study music listeners’ brain response?A.People’s preference to recorded music. | B.The important social function of concerts. |
C.The changeable characteristic of live music. | D.The easy accessibility of streaming services. |
A.By clarifying a concept. | B.By making a comparison. |
C.By analyzing previous data. | D.By referring to another study. |
A.It offers a more traditional and raw sound. | B.It engages the brain’s emotion centers more. |
C.It fosters a sense of community and shared energy. | D.It guarantees a deeper understanding of the music. |
A.The artists will be replaced by technology soon. |
B.The immersive audio makes live music special. |
C.The study recreated the experience of a real concert. |
D.It is vital for musicians to read the audiences’ mind. |
3 . A 40-year-old man in China found his calling — teaching quantum mechanics (量子力学) on social media — after being unemployed for more than 20 years. Li Wei, from Qinghai province in northwestern China, became
Such is his popularity, he has
Photovoltaic
A.evident | B.attractive | C.effective | D.popular |
A.accumulated | B.told | C.urged | D.admired |
A.listening to | B.waiting for | C.dealing with | D.talking about |
A.needed | B.gained | C.offered | D.refused |
A.employment | B.experts | C.information | D.applications |
A.game | B.career | C.relationship | D.growth |
A.left | B.saved | C.joined | D.believed |
A.anxious | B.horrified | C.surprised | D.eager |
A.results in | B.responds to | C.looks for | D.refers to |
A.strange | B.reputable | C.secret | D.renewable |
A.desire | B.tradition | C.character | D.knowledge |
A.full | B.free | C.true | D.aware |
A.introduced | B.expanded | C.found | D.chose |
A.caring | B.ending | C.setting | D.calling |
A.late | B.busy | C.good | D.easy |
It took six hours for Liu Yi to get to Tianshui, Northwest China’s Gansu province by train. He
The popularity of the dish is
Within a month, bookings for hotel rooms in Tianshui had increased year-on-year, according to Ctrip,
5 . Self-driving cars may sound like something from a futuristic sci-fi novel. However, with advanced trials expected from 2021, they are a lot closer to reality than you may think, and they could really help you.
Connected and automated vehicles (also known as CAVs), are vehicles that could perform many of the functions of today’s human drivers in the future. Aware of the potential benefits of the technology from improving road safety and reducing traffic congestion (拥塞), to enabling greater travel independence-the U. K. government has been encouraging the technology.
“However, we won’t get there unless those designing the technology engage properly with a wide range of transport users,” said lain Forbes, head of the Centre for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles.
FLOURISH, one initiative that received government backing, has helped to advance the successful implementation of CAVs in the U. K. by developing services and capabilities which maxi-mise the benefits of driverless vehicles for users and transport authorities.
The project was a collaboration between small and medium companies and large businesses across multiple industries, universities, local authorities and the not-for-profit sector, to investigate how these vehicles might benefit older adults and those with mobility-related conditions.
Mervyn Kohler, an Age U. K. spokesman, believes FLOURISH’s approach will be key to the positive impact self-driving cars have on older adults. “The project’s connectivity findings will also help the users of the future to make real-time journey decisions, responding to live information,” Tracey Poole, FLOURISH’s project manager and transport planning specialist says: “Not only will these vehicles be more inclusive; they will also be safer, more efficient and more environmentally friendly.”
Although safety is one of the big prizes associated with the introduction of self-driving cars, with the vast majority of collisions caused by human error, concerns about their safety are common.
The government is keen to understand the public’s view on CAVs and continues to survey public attitudes. It is also taking big steps towards establishing how our laws and regulations might need to change to support the safe use of self-driving cars.
1. What is the advantage of self-driving cars?A.They guarantee road safety. |
B.They remove traffic jams. |
C.They provide more freedom of traveling. |
D.They get over the elder’s dependence on drivers. |
A.Awards. | B.Achievements. |
C.Realization. | D.Characteristics. |
A.Collisions between self-driving cars can’t be avoided. |
B.Self-driving cars are more eco-friendly than today's cars. |
C.There is still a way to go before self-driving cars hit the road. |
D.People are not worried about the safety problems of self-driving cars. |
A.CAVs: a substitute for today’s human driver |
B.How do CAVs help people less able to travel? |
C.FLOURISH: a new project on self-driving cars. |
D.Could self-driving cars soon be a reality? |
6 . I grew up on a dairy farm. The particular life location to which I got assigned—“stuck” is a better word if you’ve ever been there — was a small family-owned-and-operated outfit.
I remember the Christmas when our main hired hand dropped out of the work rotation. Sixteen and the oldest of the kids left at home, I was called on to fill in. Halfway through the first day, I realized I had never noticed exactly how much that worker did. For five days I either milked or slept, fed calves (牛犊) or slept. I have to admit this gave me a deep appreciation of how hard my parents worked day in and day out for 30 years, and that understanding solidified my determination to do whatever it took to not stay on that dairy farm my whole life.
Eventually, my determination paid off. I got into college. Now, I no longer have to worry about my father’s voice yelling, “Stace, come out here! We need help!” To be honest, I’m grateful. But at the same time, I also don’t have a compelling reason to be up in time to see the beauty of a sunrise. Nor do I have the opportunity to dance with my sister in the dairy barn, work side-by-side with my dad and hear the old stories.
Now, there are whole stretches of days when I don’t feel any pressing need to even go outside. And I can go months without petting an animal or watching in amazement at their keen sense of the environment around them. Instead, I have neighbors within shouting distance but who feel like they live a planet away.
Eighteen years I lived my life on that dairy, not really knowing there were people who didn’t get up and go out and work together to get the same overwhelming tasks done day after day. Sometimes I wish I had never found out there were.
1. What did the author come to understand on her first day working on the farm?A.She couldn’t manage so much work. |
B.Her parents sacrificed a lot for her family. |
C.The tasks were dull and challenging. |
D.The work was more demanding than expected. |
A.Lack of opportunities on the farm. |
B.A passion for academic study. |
C.Her dissatisfaction with farm life. |
D.Encouragement from her parents. |
A.Mixed. | B.Regretful. |
C.Content. | D.Relieved. |
A.She has become tired of her daily routine. |
B.She misses the connections she had before. |
C.She regrets leaving her family behind. |
D.She has lost interest in the beauty of nature. |
Baiyang Lake, also known as Lake Baiyangdian, is located in the Xiong’an New Area of Baoding. As the largest freshwater lake in North China, it has gained
The old Chinese movie “Zhang Ga, the Soldier Boy” is famous for the lake
However, the lake almost dried out because of climate change from 1983 to 1988. Local governments launched 26 rehabilitation projects in 2005
8 . Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is necessary.
Sweat is known to cool the skin, bringing toxins (毒素) to the surface and giving the skin a healthy glow. Research shows that sweating can increase and maintain skin hydration. However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne.
When you’re hot, your heart beats faster to cool the body, releasing endorphins that cause feelings of joy.
When sitting in a sauna (桑拿浴室), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to cool itself down by sweating. And you’ll be better off for it. A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac (心脏的) deaths.
·If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign. Athletes tend to sweat sooner and more than inactive people. Their bodies have learned to cool down more efficiently during physical activity. A PLOSONE study supports this, showing that long-distance runners not only got sweatier sooner, but also activated more sweat glands, resulting in more sweat than their non-active counterparts.
A.Sweating supports your heart |
B.Sweating a lot means that you’re fit |
C.Sweat is the stuff that floods out when our body temperature rises |
D.Your sweaty self can also make those around you feel happier too |
E.Sweating contributes to a decrease in blood pressure to some extent |
F.So, it’s essential to wash your face and body after sweating |
G.It’s a natural bodily function that helps to regulate body temperature and prevent overheating |
Scientists have discovered the remains of
Horse-drawn chariots were common in ancient China, but a sheep-drawn chariot is
In addition to the six-sheep chariot, scientists unearthed a four-wheeled
Rich Danieu, a man awaiting a heart transplant (移植), had to stay in Strong Hospital in Rochester, New York, since January. His days were filled with uncertainty, medical procedures, and a longing to be with his family. The slim hope of getting cured had almost driven Danieu’s mood down to the ground. He was close to giving up. What’s worse, he was frustrated at the thought of missing a crucial event: his 5-year-old daughter Mara’s school’s father-daughter dance.
Shortly after Danieu’s arrival at the hospital, Mara had excitedly shared the news of her school’s upcoming father-daughter dance. She had been eagerly looking forward to her father’s participation. But Danieu’s illness had kept him away from his daughter’s joyous event. As the day of the dance drew near, Mara’s excitement began to be replaced by a deep sadness. “My daughter was a little upset, for I couldn’t go with her,” Danieu said to a nurse with a heavy heart.
Mara’s grandfather stepped in to take her to the dance, hoping to make the evening special for her. They both got dressed up, arrived at the school hall, and even had a beautiful photo taken. However, for Mara, something was wrong, because she noticed everybody else was with their dads. Excitement gave way to disappointment. On their way home, Mara was walking silently, without saying a word, when her grandfather received a call from the hospital.
The nurses at Strong Hospital had been closely following the family’s story. Having witnessed what Danieu was experiencing due to missing such a crucial moment in his daughter’s life, they decided to do something. They knew they couldn’t make a big change, but they could certainly create a moment of magic. On the night of the dance, with delicate care, they transformed an empty hospital room into a magical dance floor, complete with twinkling lights and soft music playing in the background.
At the same time, Danieu lay in his hospital bed, a sense of disappointment at his heart. When he was gazing out the window, a nurse came in with a warm smile.
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Led to the room, Danieu didn’t know what awaited him.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That special dance brought great strength and hope to Danieu.
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