1 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What did the scientists do to the road?

A．They repaired it.

B．They painted it.

C．They blocked it

2. Why are young birds drawn to the road surface?

A．It’s warm.

B．It’s brown.

C．It’s smooth.

3. What is the purpose of the scientists’ experiment?

A．To keep the birds there for a whole year.

B．To help students study the birds well.

C．To prevent the birds from being killed.

2 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Why does the man seldom do exercise?

A．He lacks motivation.

B．He has a heart problem.

C．He works all the time.

2. What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?

A．He’s an athlete.

B．He’s a researcher.

C．He’s a journalist.

3. Why does the woman speak of a study?

A．To encourage the man.

B．To recommend an exercise.

C．To support her findings.

4. How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?

A．300 minutes.

B．150 minute.

C．75 minutes.

3 . Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?

A．She might want a ticket.

B．She is looking for the man.

C．She has an extra ticket.

6 . Don’t like seeds in your tomatoes? You might be pleased to know that seedless ones have been created by gene editing.

This could create a wide range of seedless fruits, but few may ever be seen in the supermarket if regulators decide to treat gene-edited crops in the same way as genetically engineered ones.

Several seedless fruits, from bananas to grapes, are already available, but have mostly come about by luck rather than design. And although there are a few seedless varieties of tomatoes, they’ve taken researchers many years to create.

Now it can be done very quickly, as Keishi Osakabe at Tokushima University in Japan has shown. His team used the CRISPR gene editing technology to make fruits develop even though no seeds had begun to form. “We haven’t tasted them yet, but in theory they should taste the same,” says Osakabe.

There have been a few efforts to create seedless tomatoes using earlier genetic-engineering techniques. These methods take longer time compared with CRISPR.

Some “seedless” fruits just have very small seeds, and still require pollination (授粉). But completely seedless fruits like the edited tomato do not require pollination at all. Such plants could improve food security by reducing our reliance on smaller bee populations, says Saul Cunningham at the Australian National University. Many fruit growers buy bees to pollinate their crops.

There is a deficiency for farmers, however. Seedless plants usually have to be grown from cuttings, which involves more labor than planting seeds.

CRISPR could be used to develop other types of fruit that don’t require pollinator, as well as introduce beneficial mutations (突变), says Osakabe.

But to make it on to the supermarket, gene-edited plants may have to meet the same standards as genetically engineered plants, which would greatly increase costs. Some argue chat since gene editing is used to introduce mutations already found in some of the plants we eat, it should not require such strict regulations.

1. What has been the problem with tomatoes created in the past?

A．Their taste was not very good.	B．They still had a few big seeds.
C．Their genes could not be recognized.	D．They took quite a long time to create.

2. What did Keishi Osakabe’s team do?

A．They edited tomatoes’ genes.

B．They changed the taste of tomatoes.

C．They made seedless bananas and grapes.

D．They created genetically engineered tomatoes.

3. Why is CRISPR better than previous methods?

A．It will still require pollination.

B．It will remain unaffected without bees.

C．It will reduce people’s reliance on food security.

D．It will make many growers buy bees for pollination.

4. What does the underlined word “deficiency” in Paragraph probably mean?

A．Danger.	B．Disadvantage.
C．Benefit.	D．Solution.

7 . Students today have an important and wonderful advantage: social media. However, we should know that not all social media platforms are created equal.

Twitter

Advantage: Twitter is best for conducting quick surveys and advertising. Twitter is also great for keeping up with current events. By following active politicians, we are becoming more familiar with their policies and their faces. Twitter is also better for online debates because of the character limit.

Disadvantage: Twitter’s disadvantage is that you can see so many things you’re not interested in because the people you follow retweet these posts.

Facebook

Advantage: Its best uses are keeping up with family and high school friends. Also Facebook makes it extremely easy to inform students about concerts and fairs. It’s the only big social media platform—where you can create specific albums for different things.

Disadvantage: Facebook’s biggest downfall is that if you comment on anything, you get notifications for every other comment. Additionally, debates about everything under the sun.

Snapchat

Advantage: The best social media platform for socializing is actually Snapchat. Snapchat works quickly and gives you the freedom to be spontaneous (常心血来潮的) with your posts. It gives you the most insight into the people you follow or are friends with. In high school, my friends would always tell me, You’d probably know more about our lives if you were on Snapchat.

Disadvantage: On Snapchat, stories disappear alter 24 hours and you can miss some great moment if you don’t check it regularly.

Instagram

Advantage: It’s like an online diary of our best moments. For many of us, posting on Instagram is like the college version of show-and-tell.

Disadvantage: It has too many advertisements. Many times when you just want to see what your friends have recently posted, the app throws in an advertisement that looks like any other post.

1. Why is Twitter considered annoying?

A．It always has various repetitive contents.

B．It almost focuses too much on politicians.

C．It seldom keeps up with current events.

D．It often asks users to do quick surveys.

2. What is Facebook suitable for?

A．Making contents.	B．Doing quick surveys.
C．Running advertisements.	D．Producing different albums.

3. In which platform will you probably miss some posts after a day?

A．Twitter.	B．Facebook.
C．Snapchat.	D．Instagram.

8 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Keeping a good habit are very important, but I’m a little lazy and find that hard to keep a good habit. Last Sunday, I went to play football with some friends as the usual. It was already ten o'clock when I get home. I was so tired that I went straight to bed instead taking a bath first. The next morning, we went to take a bath and then went to school. However, it was very cold that morning and I didn’t dry my hairs, I got a bad cold and felt terribly the whole day and I started to regret how I had done. If I had taken a bath the moment I arrived home, I wouldn’t have got a cold. See, a good habit is true important.

9 . Andrew Grey doesn’t fit most people’s idea of an astronomer. He works in a car repair shop, not in a lab or university, yet the Australian repairman discovered a star system hiding in data from NASA’s Kepler space telescope.

Mr. Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding. For centuries, only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization (民主化) to science.

“This is a collaborative (合作的) effort that anyone could get involved in,” says Chris Lincoln, an Oxford University astrophysicist (天体物理学家) and cofounder of Zooniverse, a platform that hosts dozens of citizen science projects. Citizen scientists can contribute to breakthroughs in almost any field, from ecology to astrophysics.

“As long as pattern recognition is involved, there are no limits to what can become a citizen science project,” Dr. Linton says. “Anyone can identify patterns in images, graphs, or even seemingly boring data after a short tutorial. Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition. But humans, particularly amateur scientists, don’t stay focused on what they’re supposed to. And that’s good, because people who do that notice the unusual things in s data set.

“And citizen science doesn’t have to be directed by a scientist,” says Sheila Jasanoff, director of the Program on Science, Technology and Society at Harvard University. “Citizens producing knowledge in places where official organs have failed then can also be citizen scientists,” she says. That’s what happened in Flint, Michigan, when a local mother started drinking water tests that caused a broader investigation of lead levels.

Citizen-powered research is as old as scientific inquiry. For centuries before science became professionalized, regular people looked for patterns in the world around them. Despite a lot of advanced equipment and computer models, scientists still welcome help from everyday people.

As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that were intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help.”

1. What made citizen scientists appear?

A．The high level of science projects	B．The development of technology.
C．The support of the government.	D．The foundation of Zooniverse.

2. What is a human advantage in pattern recognition compared with machines?

A．Humans can identify patterns mare swiftly.

B．Humans focus their attention on data.

C．Humans can observe uncommon things.

D．Humans have stronger emotions.

3. What is Lincon’s attitude towards citizen science?

A．Favorable.	B．Cautious.
C．Indifferent.	D．Doubtful.

4. What would be the best title of the text?

A．Citizen scientists can be intelligent.	B．Science is important to everyone.
C．Anyone can be a scientist.	D．Science is everywhere.

10 . A new study suggests that the timing of a wound affects the speed at which it heals (治愈). Wounds suffered during the day heal around 60 percent faster than those at night.

The study showed how the bodies’ circadian rhythm (昼夜节奏) controlled the healing of wounds.     1     It tells our bodies when to wake up, eat and sleep in a circle — a series of activities that repeat themselves day after day.     2    

In the study, researchers found that skin cells moved faster to repair wounds suffered during the day. Their findings were published in the journal Science Translational Medicine.

The researchers examined cells, mice, and burn injury databases.     3    

Night-time burns — burns suffered between 8 o'clock at night and 8 o'clock the next morning — were 95 percent healed after an average of 28 days.

But after on average of 17 days, daytime burns — burns suffered between 8 o'clock in the morning and 8 at night — were 95 percent healed.     4    

Wounds are very costly to treat.     5     In Britain’s National Health Services, for example, such services cost around $6.56 billion per year. Experts say the high cost result, in part, from a lack of drugs that speed up the closure of wounds.

A．Each cycle lasts about 24 hours.

B．The circadian rhythm is like a clock or timer.

C．Specifically, their investigation found the following information.

D．The new study’s findings could help scientists develop better drugs.

E．In other words, night-time injuries took an average of 11 days longer to heal.

F．Worldwide, billions of dollars are spent every year on wound-treatment services.

G．That’s what a group of researchers from a university in Canada recently published.