1 . Growing up in Colombia, Diana longed to explore the universe and gain more understanding of it. Her dad thought that being able to speak a second language would give her an advantage. He suggested she live with her aunt in Miami while going to school. Only 17 years old at the time, she accepted his suggestion.
With just $300 in her pocket, Diana took a series of housekeeping jobs to put herself through community college and later the University of Florida. In addition to learning English, she studied aerospace engineering. Sometimes she had to take six buses just to get to class. Other days she was cleaning bathrooms to continue her studies. But Diana saw everything coming her way as an opportunity.
Diana applied to the NASA Academy in her senior year of college, and was the first immigrant Latina in the academy. NASA hired her that year, and in 2009, she became a telecom system engineer for the Curiosity Rover (探测器) that landed successfully on Mars in 2012. During this mission, she developed a dust removal tool to help scientists better explore Mars’ surface, which earned her recognition as one of the 20 most influential Latinas in the technology industry. Since then, Diana has only kept setting the bar higher. In her second mission, it took her team two years to create the robotic arm for the Perseverance Rover that would bring back soil samples from the Red Planet to learn if there once was life there.
Right now, her mission is to help more Latinas realize they can be also successful in the exploration of science and technology. Last week, she hosted NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language live broadcast for Perseverance’s arrival on Mars and it gained more than 2.5 million views online.
1. What did Diana do after 17 years old?| A．She got $300 from her father. |
| B．She supported herself through college. |
| C．She showed great interest in space exploration. |
| D．She helped her aunt to do housekeeping jobs. |
| A．She designed a tool to remove the dust. | B．She explored the surface of Mars. |
| C．She created the robotic arm. | D．She directed the telecom system. |
| A．To fight for the women’ equal rights. |
| B．To host a broadcast to attract more viewers. |
| C．To create the robotic arm for the Perseverance Rover. |
| D．To encourage more Latinas to study science and technology. |
| A．It is never too old to learn. |
| B．Behind bad luck comes good luck. |
| C．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. |
| D．Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. |
2 . Microbiologists have designed a sustainable way to remove polluting microplastics from the environment by using bacteria. Initial design as it is, it paves the way for sustainably lowering plastic pollution levels and stop the “plastification”.
Bacteria naturally tend to group together and stick to surfaces, and this creates a sticky material called “biofilm”. Researchers at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) want to use this adhesive bacteria character and capture microplastics in polluted water to form an easily disposable and recyclable blob(团) .
Sylvia Lang Liu, microbiology researcher at PolyU and lead researcher on this project, together with his team, has engineered a bacterial biofilm, which can fix and absorb microplastics floating around in the water, and make them sink to the bottom of the water. Then the researchers can separate the microplastics from the bacteria traps and get them ready to recycle.
Microplastics are the plastic fragments, usually smaller than 5mm, which are accidentally released into the environment during production and breakdown of grocery bags or water bottles, or during everyday activities such as washing synthetic (合成的) clothes or using personal care products with scrubbing microbeads in them. Microplastics are visually tiny, making it challenging to develop effective solutions to trap, collect, and recycle them.
Microplastics are not easily biodegradable (生物降解的), so they stick around for long and absorb and accumulate poisonous chemicals. They spread into wastewater and into the oceans, endangering marine animals and eventually threatening human health, Microplastics had been found in more than 114 species living in the water and also salt, lettuce, apples, and more in 2018 according to the International Maritime Organization.
“This is an innovative application of biofilm engineering l0 address the plastio pollution crisis,” said Dr Joanna Sadler, researcher at University of Edinburgh, who was not involved in this study. “One of the biggest challenges in dealing with microplastics is capturing such small particles. Liu and co-workers have denmonstrated an elegant solution to this problem, which holds great potential to be further developed into a real-world wastewater treatment technology.”
1. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “adhesive” in Paragraph 2?| A．Floating. | B．Sticky. | C．Diverse. | D．Visual. |
| A．They are visually too small. | B．They are hard to biodegrade. |
| C．They continue to exist for long. | D．They are poisonous chemicals. |
| A．Small particles are essential to address water pollution |
| B．Biofilm bas been widely used to settle plastic pollution. |
| C．Sadler thinks little of the biofilm engineering application. |
| D．Biofilm application is promising for wastewater treatment. |
| A．Microplastic removal. | B．Uses of bacteria. |
| C．Wastewater treatment. | D．Plastic pollution. |
We
Mr. Zhang is
Sometimes New Year’s resolutions may be
| put up argue with table manners on fire get on with put off |
2. Edison often goes camping with his friends. They like to
3. It’s important for us to
4. Steve is going to Beijing to study, so he is asking his friend about the
5. If you find something
9 . A teacher decided to let her class play a game. She told each child in the class to bring along a bag with several tomatoes. Each tomato would be given a name of a person that the child hated. So the number of tomatoes in his or her bag would depend on the number of people the child hated.
When the day came, every child brought some tomatoes with the name of the people he or she hated. Some had two tomatoes. Some had three tomatoes. Some even had five tomatoes. The teacher then told the children to carry the tomatoes with them wherever they went for a week. Days passed, and the children started to complain because the rotten (腐烂的) tomatoes let out terrible smell. Besides, those having five tomatoes also had to carry heavier bags. After one week, the children were very happy because the game had finally ended.
Then the teacher told them the meaning behind the game. The teacher said, “This is the same situation when you carry your hatred for somebody inside your heart. The terrible smell of hatred will pollute your heart, and you will carry it with you wherever you go. If you cannot stand the smell of rotten tomatoes for just one week, can you imagine what it is like to have the smell of hatred in your heart for your lifetime?”
1. The teacher asked students to give each tomato a name of a person they _________.| A．knew | B．helped | C．disliked |
| A．unhappy | B．scared | C．surprised |
| A．善意 | B．憎恨 | C．遗憾 |
| A．hatred can make us happy and it’s good for our health |
| B．carrying our hatred for someone will make our life hard |
| C．hatred has a strange taste which make us polluted |
10 . Everyone has hobbies. Hobbies bring us a lot of
Many people
The most important equipment to have is good shoes. They need to be half a size smaller than your usual size. The next thing you need is a harness (保护带). This allows you to
Rock climbing is very
| A．health | B．happiness | C．wealth |
| A．risks | B．notes | C．breaks |
| A．hate | B．mind | C．enjoy |
| A．simple | B．smooth | C．special |
| A．forget | B．get | C．remember |
| A．sit | B．move | C．fly |
| A．climber | B．teacher | C．beginner |
| A．relaxing | B．difficult | C．boring |
| A．protect | B．prevent | C．pollute |
| A．money | B．rubbish | C．water |
