1 . AI is a keyword in our time. Can artificial intelligence uncover a liar? It sounds like science fiction, but such an AI system is possible. Rada Mihalcea, a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of Michigan, has worked on deceit (欺骗) detection for about a decade.
The first thing that researchers working on artificial intelligence and machine learning need is data. In the case of the work that Mihalcea did, they began with videos from actual court cases. For example, a defendant speaking in a trial in which he is found to have committed a crime could provide an example of deceit; they also employed words from witnesses as either example of truthful or deceitful statements. Altogether, they analyzed 121 videos — about half represented dishonest statements, and half truthful. It was this data that they used to build machine learning deceit detectors that ultimately (最终) had between a 60 to 75 percent accuracy rate.
One thing the system noticed is the use of pronouns — people who are lying would tend to less often use the word “I” or “we”, Mihalcea explains. “Instead, people who are lying would more often use ‘you,’ ‘yours’.” Besides, someone telling a lie would use “stronger words” such as “absolutely,” and “very,” that reflect certainty, while interestingly, people telling the truth were more likely to use words such as “maybe” or “probably.” As for gestures, she points out that someone being deceitful would be more likely to look directly into the eyes of the person questioning them. They also tended to use both hands when gesturing.
However, Mihalcea’s work is “far from perfection,” she admits. “As a researcher, we are content that we were able to get to 75 percent accuracy. But looked at another way, that’s an error rate of one in four.” Ultimately, she sees technology like this as being assistive for people — it could indicate that it noticed something “unusual” in a speaker’s statement, and then perhaps have a person “investigate more.”
1. How did researchers create the deceit detection using artificial intelligence?| A．They interviewed criminals in court cases. |
| B．They involved AI system in a virtual trial. |
| C．They employed witnesses to identify dishonest criminals. |
| D．They fed the system with both truthful and deceitful statements. |
| A．Gesture with one hand. | B．Question others directly. |
| C．Use pronouns repeatedly. | D．Speak with strong certainty. |
| A．It completely lives up to her expectation. |
| B．It can be used as an aid for human beings. |
| C．It can replace human beings to uncover a lie. |
| D．It successfully lowers the error rate of detection. |
| A．The use of pronouns and gestures in lie |
| B．Rada Mihalcea’s research on lie detection by using AI |
| C．The limitations of current lie detection technology |
| D．Accuracy rate of machine learning deceit detectors |
2 . Evidence of planning has been unearthed in the ruins of cities in China, India, Egypt, the Mediterranean world, and South and Central America. Early examples of efforts toward planned urban development include orderly street systems, functional quarters in a city and advanced systems of defense, water supply, and drainage. Most of the evidence is in smaller cities built in relatively short periods as colonies (殖民地).
For hundreds of years during the Middle Ages, there was little building of cities in Europe. Eventually towns grew up as centers of church or authority, of marketing or trade. As the urban population grew, problems of overcrowding in early European cities, the blocking out of air and light and very poor cleanness, certain quarters of the cities restricted to different nationalities, classes, or trades just came, as still occur in many cities of the developing world now.
The physical form of medieval and Renaissance (文艺复兴时期) towns and cities followed the pattern of the village, spreading along a street or a crossroads in circular patterns or in irregular shapes. Most streets were little more than footpaths and even in major European cities paving was not widely introduced before the 12th century. As the population of the city grew, walls were often expanded, but few cities at the time exceeded a mile in length. Sometımes sites were changed, and many new cities appeared with increasing population—frequently about one day’s walk apart. Towns ranged in population from several hundred to perhaps 40,000.
Conscious attempts to plan cities reappeared in Europe during the Renaissance, with their prime goal to glorify a ruler or a state. From the 16th century to the end of the 18th, many cities were laid out and built splendidly. The result may have pleased and inspired the citizens, but it rarely contributed to their health, to the comfort of their homes, or to efficiency in manufacturing, distribution, and marketing.
In much of the world, city plans were based on the concept of a centrally located public space. The plans differed, however, in their principles for residential development. In the United States the New England town grew around a central public space. Also from the New England town came the tradition of the freestanding single-family house that became the norm for big cities. The central plaza, place, or square provided a central point for European city plans as well. In contrast to American residential development, though, European domestic architecture was dominated by the attached house.
1. What does the underlined word “as” in paragraph 2 refer to?| A．problems | B．early European cities |
| C．certain quarters of the cities | D．nationalities |
| A．To comfort residential homes. | B．To promote distribution and marketing |
| C．To contribute to citizen’s health | D．To honor a ruler or a state |
| A．There was much building of cities in Europe during the Middle Ages. |
| B．Some cities had orderly street systems in countries like China, India, Egypt in history. |
| C．The New England town in the United States grew around a central public space. |
| D．As the population of the city grew, many cities got enlarged in the Renaissance . |
| A．The development of urban planning | B．Evidence of cities development. |
| C．Traditional urban forms. | D．The development of cities in the Renaissance. |
Good friendship can get people through almost anything. Many times, a good friend will know what you need before you even ask for it, and they’ll want to offer a helping hand. That’s what happened to two friends in Caddo Hills High School. When one differently abled young man needed help, his friend went above and beyond.
When Brandon and Tanner met, Brandon was using a hand-push wheelchair. The chair was becoming kind of a pain for Brandon as he had to push his way down the halls from class to class around Caddo Hills High School. “My arms would get really tired and I would have to stop and take rests,” said Brandon.
Sometimes when they were together, Brandon would ask Tanner to push his wheelchair. Tanner was happy to help. Most often, Tanner would offer to help and he noticed how hard using this wheelchair was on his friend. Tanner thought that if his friend had had an electric wheelchair, life would be easier for him. But Brandon’s family was unable to afford it. Seeing how much his friend struggled in his wheelchair, Tanner made up his mind to do something about it, “He’s just been a really good friend and I wanted to do him a favor. I just felt like I needed to do it and I wanted to do it” Tanner explained.
Then the enthusiastic high school student became devoted to getting his friend a wheelchair. He got an after-school job at an auto repair shop and he worked there every afternoon. In order to help his friend out, Tanner worked part-time for two years. All of the money he earned went towards saving for a self-powered wheelchair. That moment finally came in late February, when he would present Brandon with a life-changing gift during the school day.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Initially, Tanner had planned on giving Brandon all the money he had saved.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Brandon cried when he first got the wheelchair.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________On 22nd December 2023, the 78th session of the United Nations General Assembly (联合国大会)
The resolution
Chinese New Year is not only a celebration marked
In conclusion, the decision provides an opportunity for the world to learn and understand more about Chinese culture. Moreover, it further promotes the
1.创建文明校园的重要性；
2.校园内的不文明现象；
3.你的态度。
注意：写作词数为80左右。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6 . For many people, childhood is the best time of their lives. Children’s Day is celebrated by different countries on different days of the year. It is a holiday that celebrates the happiness, healthy growth, and bright future of children.
ChinaChildren’s Day is on June 1st. On this day, pupils go to school as usual, but often for only half of the day. The school day tends to involve various Children’s Day activities instead of regular classes. The celebration doesn’t end at school. After school, parents usually take their children out to play. They often celebrate by having a picnic in the park or by going to an amusement park, the cinema, or the zoo. Many tourist attractions, including the Forbidden City, have discounts on admission or are completely free for children on this day.
JapanThe Japanese people celebrate Children’s Day on the fifth day of the fifth month every year. Families fly colorful carp flags (鲤鱼旗) from their homes, as carps represent determination and vigor in Japanese folklore (民间传说). They display figurines of Samurai Warriors in their homes to symbolize strength and bravery. Children enjoy sticky rice cakes in Quercus dentata leaves and participate in events around the country like traditional Japanese plays.
IndiaChildren’s Day is celebrated on November14 every year. This date marks the birth anniversary of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of independent India. Nehru was very fond of children and so, to honor him and acknowledge his work for children, the 14th of every November is set as Children’s Day. On this occasion, children of India usually get gifts from their parents. Many schools allow students to attend their classes in colored dresses. Special programs are held by the children themselves. Many schools hold activities such as camping trips or free movies on Children’s Day to allow students to have fun.
New ZealandIn New Zealand, Children’s Day is celebrated on the first Sunday of March each year. Fun community events are held throughout the country and include games, carnival, food, traditional haka dancing, and more.
1. What do Chinese do on Children’s Day?| A．Pupils go to school as usual |
| B．The celebration end at school. |
| C．Parents usually take children out to play |
| D．Many tourist attractions have no discounts |
| A．June 1st | B．May 5th |
| C．November14 | D．The first Sunday of March |
| A．Tourist brochure | B．Book review | C．Science report | D．News report |
To everyone’s
Huawei’s difficulties are similar to those faced by modern China in its early days. During that time, China lacked advanced technology. Despite this, China managed
8 . Living Heritage: Acupuncture
Acupuncture (针灸), an ancient Chinese medical practice, has been the treatment for countless patients for thousands of years. Before modern medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to relieve pain.
Practices can vary in forms, including needle insertion (插针), cupping and scraping.
As an ancient Chinese medical practice with a rich history and deep cultural significance, acupuncture is an example of profound cultural heritage and a bodily path for patients to healing and recovering.
| A．Easterners are more likely to turn to acupuncture than Westerners, according to the statistical data. |
| B．Needle insertion, the most common method, is carried out by inserting hair-thin needles into meridians(经脉), or specific points on the body that channel vital energy(the qi). |
| C．Acupuncture practitioners have little knowledge about yin and yang. |
| D．Acupuncture is a treatment that aims to promote the body’s self-managing functions. |
| E．Over time, this bodily practice evolved into an all-sided and profound medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture. |
| F．Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a global therapy. |
| G．Patients around the world who have recovered from acupuncture have expressed their respect and gratitude to traditional Chinese acupuncture. |
9 . 
The C919, China’s first domestically developed large passenger jet, departed Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport for Beijing Capital International Airport at 10:32 am on Sunday, embarking on(开启) its first commercial flight. The aircraft, developed by the Commercial Aircraft Corp of China, painted with a logo in the shape of a seal with Chinese characters “quanqiu shou jia”, meaning first C919 in the world. The fight, MU 9191, is run by China Eastern Airlines. About 130 passengers are on board. The flight duration is about two hours and 25 minutes. China Eastern Airlines received the first C919 on December 9 and launched test flights later that month. According to a report published by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, 32 clients had placed a total of 1, 035 orders for the plane as of the end of 2022.
The C919 project was launched in 2007. Developed by the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, Ltd (COMAC), the first C919 aircraft rolled off the production line in Shanghai in November 2015. The plane conducted a successful maiden flight in 2017. In the following years, the C919 conducted several test flights in different locations to test its capabilities. The C919 has gone through tests in various types of extreme natural environments including high temperature, high humidity, severe cold, gusts(狂风) and freeze. Its safety, reliability and environmental protection performance have been comprehensively assessed. It obtained the type certificate in September 2022, which indicates that the jetliner’s design meets airworthiness standards and environmental requirements.
The plane received its production certificate on November 29, 2022, meaning the model can enter mass production. On Dec 9, 2022, the first C919 aircraft was delivered to its first customer, China Eastern Airlines. After the delivery, the C919 jetliner completed its 100-hour aircraft validation flight process, comprehensively verifying its reliability with commercial operation in mind. The C919 had gained 1, 035 orders from 32 customers by the end of 2022, according to the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai. The successful development of the C919 indicates that China has the ability to independently develop large passenger aircraft.
1. What do we know about C919 in the first paragraph?| A．It has already signed orders with multiple airlines. |
| B．The first flight lasted two and half hours. |
| C．It is China’s first large plane. |
| D．It is developed by China Eastern Airlines. |
| A．C919 has obtained a model certificate. |
| B．The performance of C919 has received high praise. |
| C．The research and development process of the C919 project. |
| D．The C919 aircraft failed to meet airworthiness standards. |
| A．2020 | B．2021 | C．2024 | D．2022 |
| A．China Eastern Airlines ran a flight of C919 |
| B．China’s C919 jetliner goes into commercial operation |
| C．C919 is environmental friendly |
| D．China has a leading role in the aircraft market |
10 . There’s a new AI bot: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can achieve.
ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习).
You can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server, it overloads and can’t process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an option for you. As of Feb. 1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month.
However, ChatGPT can not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence robot that provides solutions to your questions, but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.
1. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT?| A．Its working theory. | B．Its language model. |
| C．Its design inspiration. | D．Its development process. |
| A．To show the popularity of ChatGPT. |
| B．To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT. |
| C．To present the creativity of artificial intelligence. |
| D．To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online. |
| A．Guiding users to experience free services. |
| B．Giving users priority access during peak hours. |
| C．Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements. |
| D．Helping researchers detect the failure of the system. |
| A．It may provide replies unrelated to the questions. |
| B．It can only update information at a fixed time |
| C．It needs longer to provide solutions. |
| D．It operates based on limited data. |
