1 . Going to sleep at a certain time is associated with a lower risk of developing heart disease, according to researchers. A team led by the U.K. -based University of Exeter found that going to sleep between 10 and 11 p.m. was beneficial compared to earlier or later bedtimes.
The research included 88,000 participants in the U.K. Biobank who were recruited between 2006 and 2010. The average age of the group — ranging from 43 to 79 years old — was 61 and 58 percent were women. Participants filled out demographic (人口统计的), lifestyle, health and physical questionnaires, according to a European Society of Cardiology news release. The study looked at the association between objectively measured sleep onset timing and cardiovascular disease using wrist-worn accelerometers, collecting a week’s worth of data.
Using Cox proportional hazards models, an age- and sex-controlled base analysis found that sleep on set time of 10 to 10:59 p.m. was associated with the lowest incidence of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. Another model that controlled for sleep duration, sleep irregularity and established cardiovascular risk factors like smoking status and body mass index did not reduce the impact of the association.
There was a 25 percent higher risk of cardiovascular disease with sleep onset at midnight or later, a 12 percent greater risk for 11 to 11:59 p.m. and a 24 percent raised risk for falling asleep before 10 p.m. compared to sleep onset from 10 to 10:59 p.m. More than 3,170 cases, or 3.6 percent, were reported during an average follow-up period of nearly six years. Sensitivity analyses revealed the association with increased risk of cardiovascular disease was stronger in women, with only sleep onset earlier than 10 p.m. significant for men.
“The body has a 24-hour internal clock, called circadian rhythm (昼夜节律), that helps regulate physical and mental functioning,” study author David Plans of the University of Exeter said in a statement. “While we cannot conclude causation from our study, the results suggest that early or late bedtimes may be more likely to disrupt the body clock, with adverse consequences for cardiovascular health.”
1. How many participants are male in the study?| A．34,320. | B．51,040. | C．53,680. | D．36,960. |
| A．Sleeping regularly. | B．Sleeping at a proper time. |
| C．Adjusting the body clock. | D．Increasing sleep time. |
| A．9:00 p.m.. | B．10:30 p.m.. | C．11:00 p.m.. | D．12:00 p.m.. |
| A．By listing data. | B．By giving example. |
| C．By analyzing causes. | D．Ry describing a process. |
1. 表达安慰；
2. 提出建议并给出理由。
注意：1．词数 100 左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
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2. The mid-exam is coming. All the students are
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5. Children always like to ask their parents questions because they
6. In 1969, Tu Youyou
7. Mo Yan
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9. There will be more
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11.
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1.给与安慰和鼓励；
2.提出一些建议。
注意：1.词数不少于100；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
5 . Working from home has been a long-held dream for many employees craving more flexible work arrangements and comfort. With the fantasy coming true because of the outbreak of COVID-19, however, quite a few people find it less romantic than expected. Amid the ongoing epidemic, a large number of Chinese companies have ordered employees to work from home, looking to control the spread of the virus as staff members return from the Spring Festival travel rush.
Allowing employees to work from home-even if they are not symptomatic-and enabling virtual meetings could help limit the spread of the virus and assuage employees’ fears about exposure.
But there’s another side to the coin. As millions of people started to work at home, people found video communication difficult. Many telecommuting platforms, including DingTalk, an all-in-one mobile workplace from Alibaba, went through temporary outages due to surging demand.
Fu Yangang, a product manager at a house trading company in Beijing, found he couldn’t receive any messages from colleagues during an online meeting at home on Tuesday, and neither could they. Similar problems arose when they switched to Zoom, a California-based video communication app which provides remote conferencing services.
Residences filled with distractions such as spouses, parents, kids or pets set up another obstacle for many employees working from home. Xia Baigi, who works for an Internet company in Beijing, was required to stay at home in Jilin Province until Feb.10, but has found what was an oft-wished for working style a hindrance to productivity. Her parents, who don’t have much to do, suddenly became concerned about her job and asked many questions. “I love my mom and dad, but their current behavior just adds stress and strain,” she said. “Sometimes I have to lock myself in my own room to avoid their enthusiasm.”
For people who are able to stay as productive as they would in an office environment, they came across a different problem： “surprisingly” longer working time at home. Working for an investment company in Shanghai, Zhang Fei felt he could never escape from his job working at home in Shandong Province, which makes time management a whole lot messier. “There is no longer a’ work’ and’ no work’ time. My work comes calling at all hours, which can keep me at a frenetic pace,” he said. With the return date drawing closer, he said, he never felt so excited about being back at the office.
1. Why many people can work from home in China?| A．Because many employees think it is a fantasy idea. |
| B．Because the employers think more highly of working from home than traditional working. |
| C．Because the COVID-19 occurred. |
| D．Because large number of Chinese companies want to avoid the Spring Festival travel rush. |
| A．Increase. | B．Ease. | C．Give up. | D．Find. |
| A．After Fu Yangang and his partners switched to Zoom, their problem was solved. |
| B．Xia Baiqi’s parents could give her more constructive advice. |
| C．Xia Baiqi locked herself in her own room to avoid distractions. |
| D．By saying “There is no longer a ‘work’ and ‘no work’ time.”, Zhang Fei meant he can work less time when at home. |
| A．Working from home has unexpected challenges |
| B．Working from home can save you a lot of trouble |
| C．How to avoid distractions when working from home |
| D．More flexible, less work time |
Mental health conditions are an increasing problem in Australia and around the world. Around one in two Australians will experience a mental health issue in their lifetime. Globally, about 1 in 10 people live with a mental health disorder.
Eating a diet rich in fruit and vegetables is associated with less stress, according to a new research from Edith Cowan University(ECU). The findings revealed people who ate at least 470 grams of fruit and vegetables daily had 10 percent lower stress levels than those who consumed less than 230 grams. Lead researcher, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini said, “We found that people who have higher fruit and vegetable intakes are less stressed than those with lower intakes, which suggests diet plays a key role in mental health.”
According to Ms Radavelli-Bagatini, some stress is considered normal, but long-term exposure can lead to a range of health problems including heart disease, depression and anxiety, so we need to find ways to prevent and possibly reduce mental health problems in the future.
Previous studies have shown the link between fruit and vegetable consumption and stress in younger adults. But this is the first time we’re seeing similar results across adults of all ages,” said Radavelli-Bagatini. While the mechanisms (机制)behind how fruit and vegetable consumption influences stress are still unclear. Radavelli-Bagatini said key nutrients could be a factor.
“Vegetables and fruits contain important nutrients such as vitamins, minerals andcarotenoids(类胡萝卜素) that can reduce inflammation(发炎) and oxidative (氧化应激) stress which are recognized factors that can lead to increased stress, anxiety and lower mood, and therefore improve mental health,”. she said. These findings encourage more researches into diet and specifically what fruits and vegetables provide the most benefits for mental health.
1. According to the passage, what problems can be caused by long-term stress?2. What might be the reason why eating a diet rich in vegetables and fruits can lead to less stress?
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Researches carried out before have shown that higher consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with lower stress level in people of all ages.
4. Besides eating fruit and vegetables, what other ways do you often use to cope with stress to maintain mental health? (about 40 words)
| A．nonessential | B．controversial | C．financial |
I believe that you
Clearly, all the extra hours he’d spent practicing alone
