1 . The disease that is going around is thought in the southwest.
| A．to have originated | B．to originate |
| C．to have been originated | D．to be originated |
| A．that | B．which | C．whose | D．its |
| A．conserved | B．preserved | C．reserved | D．deserved |
4 . In today’s motivational literature, failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated. Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett-“Fail again. Fail better.” It seems that disappointments are an essential stepping stone to success, a turning point in our life story that will ultimately end in victory.
However, psychological researches find most of us struggle to handle failure constructively. In other words, we fail to “fail forward”. We find ways to devalue the task at which we failed, and become less motivated to persevere and reach our goals. This phenomenon is known as the “sour-grape effect”, which was discovered by Professor Hallgeir Sjastad.
Sjastad explains that “sour-grape effect” is a self-protective mechanism. “Most of us picture ourselves as competent people, so when external feedback suggests otherwise, it poses a serious threat to that self-image,” he says. “The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the external signal, so we can reduce the inconsistency and preserve a positive sense of self. We do this even without noticing.”
If you have one bad interview for your dream job, you might convince yourself that you don’t really want it at all, and stop applying for similar positions. The same goes if you fail to impress at a sports trial, or if a publisher rejects the first submission of your manuscript. “We tend to explain away our shortcomings and convince ourselves our ‘Plan C’ is actually our ‘Plan A’,” Sjastad says.
It doesn’t mean we should persevere in goals all the time. It can be healthy to change ambitions if the process is no longer making us happy. But the “sour-grape effect may lead us to come to this decision prematurely, rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve.
Failures are unavoidable. By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, you may find it easier to achieve your goals.
1. Why does the author mention the speech of inspirational speakers in paragraph 1?| A．To offer an example to handle failure. |
| B．To describe a shallow understanding of failure. |
| C．To introduce a common attitude towards failure. |
| D．To emphasize the importance of experiencing failure. |
| A．It protects us from false feedback. | B．It pictures us as competitive people. |
| C．It poses a severe threat to self-image. | D．It denies negative feedback to ourselves. |
| A．Short-sighted. | B．Wait-and-see. | C．Objective. | D．Skeptical. |
| A．Unhappily. | B．Mistakenly. | C．Hurriedly. | D．Carelessly. |
| A．Don’t escape when our self-image is broken. |
| B．Don’t quit when goals no longer make you happy. |
| C．Never hesitate to replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”. |
| D．Never forget to maintain a positive sense of self. |
| A．take up | B．pick up | C．hold up | D．make up |
| A．hurriedly | B．quickly | C．instantly | D．shortly |
7 . If you want to learn something new in your spare time, there are some choices for you.
AR Workshop
615-258-5569 | arworkshop.com/nashville
AR Workshop is a DIY studio that offers hands-on classes for decorating home from raw materials. Join an instructor-led workshop where you can make wood signs, framed signs, round signs, centerpiece boxes and more! AR Workshop will help you take your home decoration to the next level and have fun while creating it!
Artistic Elements Dance
615- 472-9471 | artisticelementsdance.com
Artistic Elements’ aim is to develop dancers with excellent, professional technique, humble character and team spirit. We offer Beginner to Pre-Professional Level Classes to dancers from 18 months to adults in the styles of ballet, jazz, musical theatre, hip hop and more! Our experienced teachers all well-trained are willing to share the love of dance with each student who walks through our doors and ensure our dancers train safely in a positive environment. In addition to group classes, Artistic Elements offers private lessons, open master classes and birthday parties.
Melody Music Studios
615-510-3798| melodymusicstudios.com| musiclessonsnashvilletn. asp Melody Music Studios offers exciting music and voice lessons, in the student’s home or the instructor’s personal studio. We offer all styles, traditional and/or by ear, in a fun and positive environment. There’s a grace period (宽限期) of three business days to cancel after the trial lesson (试课), and if you’re not satisfied, it’s FREE! So you have nothing to lose to sign up today!
My Gym of Brentwoo
615-371-5437| mygym.com/brentwood
My Gym is the expert in children’s fitness. It has good programs and facilities designed to help children 6 weeks through 13 years of age develop physically and mentally. Our structured, age-appropriate, weekly classes include music dance, games, special rides, gymnastics, sports and more. Children have loads of fun as they gain strength, balance, coordination and flexibility while developing social skills and confidence.
1. If Mary wants to make her new home more beautiful, which one suits her best?| A．Melody Music Studios. | B．My Gym of Brentwood. |
| C．AR Workshop. | D．Artistic Elements Dance. |
| A．It provides various courses for dancers of all ages. |
| B．Its teachers can give professional training to learners. |
| C．It provides summer and winter camps for dance lovers. |
| D．It only focuses on developing dancers’ professional dancing skills. |
| A．must pay for it |
| B．must take the courses |
| C．can call off the class at any time free |
| D．have right to decide whether to continue |
| A．Tom, a 6-month old boy, was born with a weak heart. |
| B．Mark, a 12-year-old student, wants to get stronger. |
| C．Tony, a 31-year-old teacher, likes to build up his body. |
| D．John, a 65-year-old retired man, wants to kill his spare time. |
| A．an advertisement | B．an art show review |
| C．an exhibition guide | D．a school announcement |
| A．in the way | B．on the spot | C．in the end | D．on the horizon |
| A．that, which | B．what, which | C．which, what | D．what, that |
10 . University summer school courses
Welcome to our university summer school. Summer is a good time to start a course, pursue a degree, participate in a professional development program, or prepare for your future. This summer, we’ll be offering hundreds of undergraduate and graduate courses available online. These include special professional development classes and programs. Take a look at some of our courses below.
| Title: Africana Philosophy | Instructor: Ted Karson, PhD | |
| Session: seven-week session | Time: Tues., Thurs., 8:30-11:30 a. m., or on demand | Start Date: June 22, 2020 |
| Notes: This course meets via live web conference. Students must attend and participate at the scheduled meeting time. | ||
| Description: This class carries out a research of Africana philosophy as a subject studied by professional philosophers of African background and non-African scholars. Students enrolled will be exploring related issues in a classroom environment mediated by dialogued, debates, and presentations. | ||
| Title: Space Law and Policy | Instructor: A. J. Harrison, PhD | |
| Session: four-week session | Time: Tues., Thurs., noon-3:00 p.m. | Start Date: June 23, 2020 |
| Notes: This course meets via live web conference. Students must attend and participate at the scheduled meeting time. | ||
| Description: This course shows students the practice of space law and policy in the United States and around the world. Students start by exploring the basics of both fields. Then they take a detailed look at the roles of governance, addressing ongoing debates challenging the space sector. | ||
| Title: Introduction to Social Anthropology | Instructor: Adam Mackay, PhD | |
| Session: six-week session | Time: Tues., Thurs., 3:15-6:15 p.m. | Start Date: June 22, 2020 |
| Notes: Open to admitted Secondary School Program students. Required sections for graduate students and optional sections for undergraduate students to be arranged. | ||
| Description: The course explores anthropological approaches to society, culture, history, and current events. Students will conduct in-depth studies on a series of themes and try their best to deal with the intellectual and ethical challenges of anthropologists both in the past and at present. | ||
| Title: African and African American Religions | Instructor: Danile Evans, PhD | |
| Session: seven-week session | Time: Tues., Thurs., 8:30-11:30 a.m., or on demand | Start Date: June 21, 2020 |
| Notes: This course meets via live web conference. Students must attend and participate at the scheduled meeting time. | ||
| Description: This course provides an overview of West African and African American religions from a comparative, transatlantic aspect. Based on up-to-date research, the course explores the historical process by which African religions have become world religions — a trend that is speeding up in the 21st century. | ||
| A．attend and participate in some academic meetings in Africa |
| B．be involved in studying some issues related to African Philosophy |
| C．have face-to-face communications with some African professionals |
| D．turn to some African background scholars for help to finish the course |
| A．By showing students how space law and policy are practised. |
| B．By showing the students around the United States and the world. |
| C．By introducing how to explore the basics of space law and policy. |
| D．By introducing the history of making the space law and policy. |
| A．Africana Philosophy. |
| B．Space Law and Policy. |
| C．Introduction to Social Anthropology. |
| D．African and African American Religions. |
| A．Ted Karson. | B．A. J. Harrison. |
| C．Adam Mackay. | D．Danile Evans. |
| A．To explore the meaning of a good summer. |
| B．To make comments on the courses of a university. |
| C．To discuss the advantages of a university summer school. |
| D．To introduce the online courses of a university summer school. |
