1. How long has Mr. Jackson been smoking?
| A．Eight years. | B．Nine years. | C．Ten years. |
| A．Knowledge. | B．Determination. | C．Circumstances. |
| A．Sick. | B．Comfortable. | C．No different. |
Anthony was born in a beautiful town. The local environment was particularly good and the people were caring and attached importance to hygiene (卫生). In the blink of an eye, Anthony was in high school. For more than a decade, he developed the habit as the other people in the town.
Then he went on to university. He got along with his classmates because he had a kind heart and was always ready to help others. He even set up an organization aimed at guiding people to pay attention to the hygiene in the campus. He received an award from the school for this.
After graduating from university, Anthony came to New York to attend an interview for a job. He wanted to work for a software design company. But it would be difficult for him because the company was very famous and there were many people going for the interview. But Anthony did not feel discouraged and wanted to give it a try. He prepared a lot in advance, including the history, the culture and the current situation of the company.
The day of the interview came quickly. As he had expected, there were many interviewees. He was told that there were only 10 positions available, but he still felt confident. The interviewees were all waiting on the ground floor and the office where the interview took place was located on the third floor. The interviewees went to the interview in turn. One by one, they went upstairs but came down quickly. Anthony thought to himself that the interviews were too fast and felt worried.
Finally it was Anthony’s turn. He stood up and headed upstairs. At the corner of the second floor stairs were an empty bucket and two mops (拖把). One of them was dry and the other one was wet. The wet one was on the floor, slowly dripping (滴落) down with dirty water.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Anthony saw it and walked up to it.
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The interviewer looked at Anthony with a smile.
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3 . Animal appear to predict earthquakes by sensing electricity in the air — the first study to find reliable evidence of the phenomenon has shown.
Cameras revealed an “amazing” drop in the number of animals up to 23 days before a major quake hit their rainforest home at Yanachaga National Park in Peru. Lead scientist Dr Rachel Grant, from Anglia Ruskin University, said, “The results showed that just before the earthquake, animals’ activity dropped right down.”
On a normal day the cameras placed around Yanachaga National Park record between 5 and 15 animals. But in the 23 days before the earthquake, the number of animals dropped to five or fewer per day. No animals were photographed at all on five of the seven days immediately before the quake.
Another study showed that animal activity remained normal in the park over a different period when seismic (地震的) activity was low. Co-author, professor Friedemann Freund, said, “The cameras were located at an altitude of 900 meters. If air ionization occurred, the animals would escape to the valley below, where there were fewer positive ions ( 离子). With their ability to sense their environment, animals can help us understand small changes that occur before major earthquakes.”
Other evidence suggested that before the earthquake, the air around the high mountain sites filled with positive ions that can be produced when rocks are placed under stress. Positive ions have been known to cause ill effects in humans as well as animals. Scientists believe the animals were made to feel uncomfortable by the positive ions, leading them to avoid the area. They are thought to have escaped to lower ground, where the air was less ionized. The findings may help experts develop better short-term seismic forecasts.
1. How did scientists conduct the study?| A．By comparing different animals’ habits. |
| B．By observing animals in high mountains. |
| C．By explaining the positive ion phenomenon. |
| D．By analyzing images of animals they obtained. |
| A．The ground at a lower altitude is less ionized. |
| B．Cameras normally record more animals per day. |
| C．Earthquake warnings can be detected in lower places. |
| D．The activity of animals and earthquakes is consistent. |
| A．The findings make for accurate seismic forecast. |
| B．Animals tend to be uneasy with more positive ions. |
| C．Positive ions make humans and animals depressed. |
| D．All the animals remain abnormal before the earthquake. |
| A．Negative Influence of Positive Ions. |
| B．Ions’ Destruction to the Environment. |
| C．Animals’ Behavior Before Earthquakes. |
| D．Creatures’ Ability to Predict Earthquakes. |
1. 周日上午八点在校门口集合；
2. 乘坐公共汽车去公园；
3. 穿运动鞋，带相机；
4. 感兴趣的人星期四前把名字报给班长。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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在过去的十年里，人们的意识得到了明显改善，保护区域正变得越来越大，这使得动物的数量增加了。此外，由于政府的干预，采取了有效的措施来保护生态，保持生物平衡。显然，所有的努力都是有益的。更多保护动物免受死亡的法律生效，导致人类和动物之间的和谐共存。然而，为了保护濒危动物和减少野生动物感染病毒的传播，我们需要阻止人类入侵它们的栖息地和建立更多的自然保护区。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6 . Now that we have briefly explored the history of the short story and heard from a few of its creators, let us consider the role of the reader. Readers are not empty vessels that wait,
My students always
A short story,
Now it is your turn. Form a partnership with your author. During your
During this adventure, I hope you will feel the same as the listeners that surround the neck of my Pueblo storyteller.
1.| A．hands | B．sails | C．flags | D．lids |
| A．considerations | B．explorations | C．associations | D．interpretations |
| A．imagination | B．eagerness | C．determination | D．affection |
| A．begged | B．supported | C．encouraged | D．challenged |
| A．dealt | B．struggled | C．fought | D．engaged |
| A．external | B．artificial | C．classical | D．traditional |
| A．ensured | B．analyzed | C．revealed | D．delivered |
| A．however | B．furthermore | C．therefore | D．besides |
| A．interpret | B．anticipate | C．predict | D．tell |
| A．conclusion | B．evaluation | C．summary | D．appreciation |
| A．craftsmanship | B．intentions | C．depth | D．character |
| A．by itself | B．in vain | C．in question | D．as a whole |
| A．observation | B．involvement | C．experiment | D．adventure |
| A．journey | B．process | C．dialogue | D．contact |
| A．recall | B．confirm | C．identify | D．cancel |
As a liberal arts teacher, it is my more often average to find myself obligated(不得不) to speak to my students about books that I haven’t read,
As a result of such all-too-familiar situations, I believe I am well positioned, if not to offer any real lesson on
Admit it or not, we still live in a society, on the decline though it may be,
To speak without shame about books we haven’t read, we would thus need to free ourselves of the oppressive image of cultural literacy
8 . During the initial stages of instructed L2 (the second language) acquisition students learn a couple thousand, mainly high frequency words. Functional language proficiency, however,
Acquisition of new words from authentic L2 reading texts by means of strategies such as contextual deduction (演绎) is also not a
Any suggestions on how to use this in educational contexts should be based on a systematic
| A．inquires | B．requires | C．receives | D．inspires |
| A．difficult | B．easy | C．possible | D．necessary |
| A．copy | B．focus | C．find | D．clean |
| A．however | B．moreover | C．because | D．nevertheless |
| A．disturb | B．seem | C．occur | D．disappear |
| A．solution | B．approach | C．problem | D．wonder |
| A．official | B．annual | C．objective | D．alternative |
| A．predicted | B．presented | C．postponed | D．preferred |
| A．available | B．outstanding | C．attractive | D．evident |
| A．by means of | B．moreover | C．in spite of | D．however |
| A．focus | B．analysis | C．object | D．target |
| A．describe | B．grasp | C．link | D．force |
| A．conclusions | B．appointments | C．aspects | D．contents |
| A．react | B．establish | C．memorize | D．leave |
| A．enhanced | B．invented | C．contrasted | D．behaved |
注意：1．文章的开头已给出，不计入总字数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，词数100左右。
Good morning, everyone!
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10 . When it comes to black holes, we are caught between a rock and a hard place. In the 1970s, Stephen Hawking showed that all black holes give off thermal radiation(热辐射)and eventually evaporate(蒸发). In doing so, they seemed to be destroying information contained in the matter that fell into them, therefore going against a rule of quantum mechanics(量子力学): information cannot be created or destroyed.
Some argued that the outgoing “Hawking radiation” preserved the information. However, if this were the case, then given certain assumptions, the event horizon(视界)—— the black hole’s boundary of no return—— would become intensely energetic, forming a firewall. But such firewalls go against the theory of general relativity, which says that space-time near the event horizon should be smooth. The black hole firewall paradox was thus born.
Now, Sean Carroll at the California Institute of Technology and his colleagues have shown that the paradox disappears when the evolution of black holes is understood in the context of the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics.
The quantum state of the universe is described by something called the global wave function(全局波函数). According to traditional quantum mechanics, whenever there are many possible outcomes for physical process, this wave function ”collapses“ to represent one outcome. But in the many-worlds Interpretation, the wave function doesn’t collapse-rather, it branches, with one branch for each outcome. The branches evolve independently of each other, as separate worlds.
In this way of thinking, the formation of a black hole and its evaporation due to Hawking radiation lead to multiple branches of the wave function. An observer monitoring a black hole also splits into multiple observers, one in each branch.
The new work shows that from the perspective of an observer in a given branch, space-time behaves as described by general relativity and the black hole has no firewall.
But does that imply loss of information? No, says team member Aidan Chatwin-Davies, also of Caltech. That is because the principle of preservation of information applies to the global wave function and not to its individual branches, he says. Information is preserved across all branches of the global wave function, but not necessarily in any one branch. Given this case, a black hole that doesn’t lose information and yet has a smooth, uneventful event horizon without a fire wall isn’t a contradiction.
Yasunori Nomura at the University of California at Berkeleyy has independently arrived at some similar conclusions in his work. He agrees that the many-worlds approach resolves the paradox around information loss from black holes. “Many worlds should be taken seriously,” he says.
1. Which word in the article is similar in meaning to the underlined word in Paragraph 2?| A．Assumption (Paragraph 2) | B．Interpretation (Paragraph 4) |
| C．Evaporation (Paragraph 5) | D．Contradiction (Paragraph 7) |
| A．There is a firewall. | B．No observer will split. |
| C．No information is lost. | D．The wave function collapses. |
| A．introduce an independent scientist |
| B．support the many-worlds interpretation |
| C．question whether many worlds really exist |
| D．argue against the information loss from black holes |
| A．Rules of quantum mechanics. |
| B．A new understanding of the black hole. |
| C．Hawking’s interpretation of the black hole. |
| D．The development of the global wave function. |
