1 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A．Robber y cases.

B．Travel experiences.

C．Travel plans.

2. Where did the woman spend two months?

A．In India.

B．In Brazil.

C．In Thailand.

3. Why wasn’t Brazil the best?

A．There are no good beaches there.

B．It is too large.

C．The woman was robbed there.

4. What can we learn about the woman?

A．She loves swimming.

B．She loves traveling.

C．She loves Thailand best.

2 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What probable relation is the man to the woman?

A．Her ticket agent.

B．Her secretary.

C．Her friend.

2. What are Travelocity or Expedia?

A．Ticketing websites.

B．Package travel agencies.

C．Airline companies.

3. How can we get the best price?

A．Booking through Internet.

B．Choosing a certain airline company.

C．Allowing flexibility in schedule and dates.

3 . Welcome

This course explores the concepts and algorithms (算法) at the foundation of modern artificial intelligence, diving into the ideas that give rise to technologies like game-playing engines, handwriting recognition, and machine translation. Through hands-on projects, students gain exposure to the theory behind graph search algorithms, classification, and other topics in artificial intelligence and machine learning as they incorporate them into their own Python programs. By course’s end, students emerge with experience in libraries for machine learning as well as knowledge of artificial intelligence principles that enable them to design intelligent systems of their own.

Requirement

CS50x or at least one year of experience with Python.

How to Take this Course

Even if you are not a student at Harvard, you are welcome to “take” this course for free via this OpenCourseWare by working your way through the course’s seven weeks of material. If you’d like to submit the course’s seven projects for feedback, be sure to create an edX account, if you haven’t already. Ask questions along the way via any of the course’s communities!

If interested in a verified (认证的) certificate from edX enroll at cs50.edx.org/ai instead.

If interested in a professional certificate from edX, enroll at cs50.edx.org programs/ai instead.

If interested in transfer credit and accreditation from Harvard Extension School, register at web.dce.harvard.edu/extension/csci/e/80 instead.

If interested in transfer credit and accreditation from Harvard Summer School, register at web.dce.harvard.edu/summer/csci/s/80 instead.

You are free to:

Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format

Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material

1. What does the course focus on?

A．Diving into the ideas that give rise to handwriting recognition.

B．Teaching the concepts and algorithms of artificial intelligence.

C．Offering learning or teaching materials on artificial intelligence.

D．Providing students with experience in library for machine learning,

2. Who will enroll at cs50.edx.org/programs/ai?

A．A student interested in an authorized certificate from edX.

B．A student interested in a professional certificate from edX.

C．A student interested in transfer credit from Harvard Extension School.

D．A student interested in transfer credit from Harvard Summer School.

3. What can we learn from this passage?

A．Students can integrate the materials into their own program.

B．Teachers can use the course’s materials without restriction.

C．Any student without related experience can take this course.

D．Students must create a new edX account for taking the course.

4 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is the talk mainly about?

A．A ski resort.

B．An Olympic event.

C．A hobby.

2. When did the speaker buy her equipment?

A．Last year.

B．Last month.

C．Last week.

3. Which run does the speaker use?

A．Beginning.

B．Intermediate.

C．Expert.

4. What does the speaker think of falling down when skiing?

A．It’s shameful.

B．It’s disappointing.

C．It’s fun.

5 . The majority of New Year’s resolutions are abandoned after three months. It is human nature to pursue the path of least resistance, especially when you are tired. If you do not intentionally and consistently develop healthy habits, you will automatically fall for unhealthy ones. Obtaining the benefit of healthy habits requires some willpower, which is the ability to resist short-term temptations for long-term benefits. However, willpower is not enough.     1    

Say goodbye to perfection. We often have a hard time sticking with new habits because we set unrealistic expectations. As high-achievers, we expect a workout to last an entire hour and include a set of workouts.     2     The truth is that some exercise is better than none. Even a 15-minute walk, or some light stretching is better than zero physical activity. Don’t let perfectionism get in the way of making progress.

Increase your support system. Establishing a new behavior is easier when loved ones are supporting you. Having a support system can help you stay the course even when you are lower on willpo wer because others can remind you of the progress you have made. It is also harder to be lazy when someone is watching.     3    

Keep it light. It is hard to stick with a new habit if it is too painful. As an example, many people struggle to keep up with an exercise program because it requires great effort and energy. The idea of showing up day after day for more muscle soreness can be discouraging. Try to keep your new habit light.     4     This makes it more likely you will look forward to it.

Give yourself some grace.     5     Be patient and realistic with yourself. Practice self-kindness when you experience shortcomings along the way. Beating yourself up leads to emotional pain that makes it more likely that you fall for old unhealthy habits.

A．Building a new habit can take months.

B．You also need systems to help healthy habits stick.

C．Anything less does not count as exercise in our minds.

D．Healthy habits can serve as an anchor to navigate life’s challenges.

E．Instead of focusing on results, focus on enjoying the new behavior.

F．We deeply care about what others think of us and don’t want to let them down.

G．It is the consistent practice of healthy habits over time that leads to positive results.

6 . Animal-like robots, such as quadrupedal (四足的) robot dogs, continue to be popular. However, Italian roboticist Barbara Mazzolai argues that the robotics field has proved less keen to investigate another category of living things — plants. She owes this to a misconception that plants are capable of neither motion nor perception. “It’s not true at all,” she says.

Mazzolai and her team at the Bioinspired Soft Robotics Laboratory recently introduced “FiloBot”, a robot based on climbing plants, which is capable of growing, attaching to supports, and journeying through environments in response to external stimuli (刺激) .

To survive in forests, a climbing plant must grow out of the soil and travel along the ground searching a support to attach to. This requires a structure capable of bearing its own weight. Once a support is located, though, the plant must switch strategy-securing itself around the object and then growing towards light as quickly as possible to outcompete other plants. To choose the best growing angle, it uses information from light and gravity receptors distributed along each shoot.

FiloBot imitates these behaviours using sensors on its main shoot, which is also equipped with a spool (卷轴) of plastic and a heating element. By melting and forcing out the plastic, it can 3D-print itself. Depending on brightness and direction, it changes the heat the plastic is exposed to — lower temperatures result in a more breakable body that increases in size more rapidly, while higher temperatures make a stronger body that grow more slowly.

The researchers found that these functionalities enable FiloBot to move through complex environments flexibly, making it suitable for potential applications including environmental monitoring in hard-to-reach locations or unstable disaster sites.

FiloBot is not the only plant-like robot the team is developing. Mazzolai hopes that our robots will motivate other roboticists to take clues from plants. The plant kingdom is another world, she says, with a completely different approach to the animal one. “We can develop completely new technologies and artificial solutions, because it is so different.”

1. Why are roboticists less interested in plant-like robots according to Barbara Mazzolai?

A．They are misled by some new concepts.

B．They underestimate the competence of plants.

C．They see little economic value in plant-like robots.

D．They misunderstand the motion of plant-like robots.

2. What is the purpose of Paragraph 3?

A．To explain a model.	B．To give an example.
C．To develop a formula.	D．To introduce a rule.

3. How does FiloBot control its growth speed according to Paragraph 4?

A．By setting the direction.	B．By producing the plastic.
C．By adjusting the brightness.	D．By varying the temperature.

4. What is Mazzolai’s expectation of their plant-like robots?

A．They will encourage research on plants.	B．They will outperform animal-like robots.
C．They will provide universal artificial solutions.	D．They will inspire innovative robotic technologies.

7 . Abraham Lincoln was a typical self-made man. He obtained his license to practice law without ever having stepped foot inside a college or academy building. Books became his academy. Everywhere he went, Lincoln carried a book with him. He thumbed through page after page while his horse rested at the end of a long row of planting. Whenever he could escape work, he would lie with his head against a tree and read.

Though the young Lincoln never left America, he traveled with Byron’s Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage to Spain and Portugal; accompanied Robert Burns to Edinburgh; and followed the English kings into battle with Shakespeare. As he explored the wonders of literature and the history of the country, the young Lincoln developed ambitions far beyond the expectations of his family and neighbors. It was through literature that he was able to

go beyond his surroundings and reach his destination.

The volumes to feed Lincoln’s intellectual hunger did not come cheaply. The story is often recounted of the time he borrowed Parson Weems’s The Life of George Washington from Josiah Crawford, a well-to-do farmer. Thrilled by this account of the first president’s life, he took the book to his loft at night, where he read as long as he could stay awake, placing the book on a makeshift shelf between the cabin logs so he could fetch it at daybreak. During a severe rainstorm one night, the book was badly soiled. Lincoln went to Crawford’s house, explained what had happened, and offered to work off the value of the book. Crawford calculated the value of two full days’ work pulling corn, which Lincoln considered an unfair repayment. Nevertheless, he straightway set to work and kept on until all work was done. Then, having paid his debt, Lincoln wrote poems and songs teasing Josiah’s large nose. Thus Crawford, in return for loaning Lincoln a book and then overly punishing him, won a permanent place in American history.

1. What can we learn about Lincoln from the first paragraph?

A．He wasn’t academically competent.	B．He read on horseback to escape work.
C．He failed to obtain a valid law license.	D．He is an excellent autonomous learner.

2. How did Lincoln succeed in achieving his ambition?

A．By reading extensively.	B．With his family’s support.
C．Through self-employment.	D．By traveling around the world.

3. What happened to the book he borrowed from Crawford?

A．Stolen by a farmer.	B．Burned by a candle fire.
C．Damaged in a rainstorm.	D．Lost and never recovered.

4. Which of the following best describes Lincoln according to the last paragraph?

A．Tough and helpful.	B．Diligent and generous.
C．Intelligent and humble.	D．Determined and sharp-tongued.

8 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was an unpleasant, cold Sunday evening. The sun was on its way home and so was Sara. Sara was a health inspector, so she had to check people’s houses to see if they were living a health y life.

Sundays were the only days she got a holiday, so she had been out trying to relax and enjoy the day. She was almost home when a small old house caught her eye. Her curiosity didn’t allow her to pass by without checking it.

Hesitantly, she approached the house and knocked. She did not think anyone would be living in such an old, shabby cabin, but, to her surprise, an old couple answered the door. The house and the couple were quite similar, both old, ragged and very easily broken.

She greeted them and asked if she could come in. Their house was empty, just like their empty stomachs that growled (低吼) aloud. It was a heartbreaking scene to witness the condition they were in.

She gathered her courage and asked the reason behind their condition. The couple were a bit nervous at first, but eventually opened up about their life. The couple, named Razia and Shahid,were going through tough times. Shahid was not educated, so he couldn’t get a decent job and only worked as a laborer, but that also for a short time because he would often fall il l due to old age. Rizia would work as a maid at people’s homes when she was young, but when age caught up with her, she also could not work properly and fell sick.

They had no children, so there was no one to look after them in their old age. Some nights, they slept hungry, while on other nights, they received a meal from some kind people. They explained how hunger was like an unwanted companion, always present, making their stomachs growl.

Sara felt saddened by their tough situation and tried to comfort them. She thought about making some arrangements for their care.

注意：
1. 写作词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Suddenly her eyes li t up with, an idea.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The couple were delighted, and prayed for Sara’s health and long life.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Located at the western part of Hangzhou City, less than 5 kilometers from the West Lake, Xixi National Wetland Park is a unique spot considering its urban neighborhood. The park is the first and only wetland park     1     (combine) urban life with farming and culture.

The park     2     (consist) of three causeways and ten famous sights covers     3     total area of 11.5 square kilometers. River ports, ponds, small lakes and marshes occupy approximately 70%of the park, which explains its wetland environment. With many rivers, the whole wetland     4     (divide) into different sections: the east, the west and the central part. The latter is the very place    5     attracts the majority of tourists while the other parts are fairly quiet. Recently the government set up ecological protection zones. There is also a Wetland Science Exhibition Hall     6     (find) at the park's main entrance.

The park has a long history with profound cultural heritage and it has even been regarded     7     a pure land for hermits (隐士). With its wonderful landscape and natural environment Xixi is not only a paradise for plants.     8     also many birds too. With flocks of birds flying freely in the sky, Xixi is a     9     (harmony) window to a natural eco-system.

Xixi National Wetland Park is also the place where the annual “Xixi International Dragon BoatRace” is held.     10     (traditional), this festival was to mourn the patriotic poet Qu Yuan   (343 BC–278 BC) but now Xixi International Dragon Boat Race, with its strong charm and traditional customs, has become a carnival for all Hangzhou citizens.

10 . Bill Gates isn’t doing much light reading this summer. For his annual list of reading recommendations for the season, he’s picked four books that you can really sink into on vacation.

Upheaval, Jared Diamond

Diamond examines how people react to the different crises in their lives. Specifically, he looks at how six countries responded to big challenges, and learned how to adapt in the face of adversity. Gates writes. “I finished the book even more optimistic about our ability to solve problems than I started.”

Nine Pints, Rose George

Gates glowingly recommends this deep dive into what you ever wanted to know about the stuff in your veins (静脉). He thinks everyone should know more about this topic. “There is nothing that more people have in common than blood,” he writes.

A Gentleman in Moscow, Amor Towles

It’s 1922 and Alexander Rostov has been sentenced to spend the rest of his life under house arrest in a Moscow hotel. Even though this book is sure to please anyone who is interested in learning more about Russia, Towles goes beyond just politics in his best-seller. “The book is technically fiction,” Gates writes.

Presidents of War, Michael Beschloss

Beschloss studies how presidents dealt with nine different US conflicts from the War of 1812 to the Vietnam War, and makes critical connections about their decisions and power as leaders. “It is hard to read about today’s conflicts without thinking about how they might connect to the past,” Gates writes.

1. Which book would most appeal to those interested in serious politics?

A．Upheaval.	B．Nine Pints.
C．Presidents of War.	D．A Gentleman in Moscow.

2. What is Nine Pints mainly about?

A．Tricks of diving.	B．Illustrations of blood cells.
C．A thorough study of blood.	D．A glimpse of blood function.

3. What is Bill Gates’ reflection after his reading the fourth book?

A．It’s impossible to solve all the problems.	B．It’s critical to make far-sighted decisions.
C．It’s difficult to understand today’s conflicts.	D．It’s necessary to connect the present to the past.