1 . For long, Preifer Fall Trail (路线) was a most popular attraction in Big Sur. Annually, thousands of people hiked the trail. Unfortunately, the trail, along with stairs, signs, railings, an observation station and wooden bridges, was destroyed in the 2008 Basin Complex Fire. But now a new trail has risen from the burned land.
With its amazing rocky coastline and mountains, Big Sur, the writer Henry Miller once said, is “the face of the earth as the creator intended it to look.” But the landscape always suffers natural disasters. There have been three major wildfires in Big Sur in the past years. “You can still see the impacts there,” said John Hiles, a state parks repair team leader, pointing to black marks 30 feet up a huge redwood.
Parks planners designed a new track, moving the trail out of the river to reduce its impact on the environment. People from the California protection group, state parks department and the nonprofit organization put in 66,000 hours of work over the past four years. They built 160 redwood stairs and dragged hundreds of 16-foot-long redwood sticks by hand to build railings. They removed 4,150 square feet of old building stuff, enough to cover a basketball court. They used iron cables and pulleys (缆线和滑轮) to build a 70-foot long wooden bridge over the hills. “Nature is probably the best place to learn,” Hiles said. “More than any college or school, you learn so many life lessons out here.”
However, the huge Soberanes Fire s wept through the area in 2016, putting a stop to the work. When they began again in 2017, great river storms flooded the area and damaged part of Highway 1. Everybody gathered around this project. They saw the loss. They missed it. They wanted it to come back. They kept combining efforts. It’s been a long journey, but worth the wait.
1. What can we learn about Preifer Fall Trail?| A．It is an attraction rebuilt in 2008. | B．It met with many natural disasters. |
| C．It features man-made landscape. | D．It is an addition to a previous track. |
| A．By moving the trail off watercourse. | B．By using huge redwood sticks. |
| C．By recycling the old building stuff. | D．By applying iron cables and pulleys. |
| A．Limiting and typical. | B．Adventurous but smooth. |
| C．Mysterious and attractive. | D．Tough but rewarding. |
| A．The rise and fall of a hiking trail. | B．California protection projects. |
| C．The recovery of a lost attraction. | D．Journeys into wilderness. |
2 . When you’re bored, what do you do? The answer is a no-brainer: you reach for your phone. Five minutes of doggy pictures can seem like the perfect break. But a new unpublished study has bad news. Reaching for your phone is likely to leave you feeling more bored.
To figure out the relationship between phones and boredom, the research team set up an app on the phones of 83 volunteers to keep an eye on how often they used their devices. They also asked these volunteers to keep detailed diaries at work, recording their level of tiredness and boredom.
The researchers’ first discovery was no shocker. We’re on our phones a lot. Phone breaks were very frequent: in the 20 minutes following each questionnaire, volunteers picked up their phone 52 percent of the time, spending an average of around 90 seconds on it each time. Equally unsurprising was the second finding: the more tired we are, the more likely we are to reach for our phones. The real kicker was the final finding. While we look to our phones to relieve our tiredness and boredom, screen time actually seemed to increase feelings of boredom.
The research team thought about the different reasons why this might be so. Shifting from work to your phone and back again may end up being more tiring in mind than it is stimulating (提神的). In other words, that baby goat video was nice, but not worth the cost to your brain in effort and concentration. Besides, picking up your phone might just serve as a reminder of all the fun and interesting things out there you could be doing if you didn’t have to fill out paperwork.
This one small study can’t clearly say if either of these explanations is right, but the basic takeaway is pretty clear: A quick look at your phone is going to make your brain feel even more fried. If so, what to do instead?
1. Why did the research team set up an app on the volunteers’ phones?| A．To ensure their rest time. | B．To remove their boredom. |
| C．To track their phone usage. | D．To record their tiredness. |
| A．The most unexpected. | B．The most advanced. |
| C．The most frequent. | D．The most relieving. |
| A．phones can be tiring | B．phones can be inspiring |
| C．phones can function as a reminder | D．phones can benefit our paperwork |
| A．Why screen time is harmful. | B．How to take a better break. |
| C．Recommended online activities. | D．Studies on phone addiction. |
The Dragon Head-raising Day, or the Longtaitou Festival, also known as the Eryue’er Festival, is a traditional Chinese festival
The dragon is considered to be the god of rain, which is important in ancient agriculture (农业) in Chinese culture. It
Although some traditional ways
4 . Ellen Ochoa’s life journey offers an outstanding example of how invention can lead to adventure. She first worked as a creative engineer and went on to become the world’s first Hispanic female astronaut.
Ochoa graduated from San Diego State University in 1980 with a degree in Physics. Mindful of her mother’s stress on the importance of education, she entered graduate school at Stanford University. When Neil Armstrong had first walked on the moon, Ochoa was 11 years old. It never would have hit her then that she too might someday become an astronaut. However, in 1983, when Ochoa was on the way to earning her PhD in Electrical Engineering, Sally Ride became the first female U. S. astronaut. This gave Ochoa the encouragement to aim high. Upon graduation, she applied to NASA to become an astronaut herself.
At Stanford, Ochoa specialized in designing optical (光学) systems that study the objects that they “see”. After graduating, she continued this work at Sandia National Laboratory in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Sandia’s work for NASA includes developing optical, computerized recordings and models of events and phenomena (现象) in space. In time, Ochoa became the co-inventor of three optical devices. Later, working at NASA’s Ames Research Center, Ochoa branched off into developing computer systems designed for space exploration. Here she also managed a team of 35 scientists.
Ochoa’s excellence in optics and computer hardware had caught NASA’s attention. In 1990, NASA accepted her into its astronaut training program, and in July 1991, Ochoa became an official U. S. astronaut. Less than two years later, Ochoa flew as a Mission Specialist on a Discovery Space Shuttle Mission.
Ellen Ochoa has won numerous awards for her success as an engineer, an astronaut, and a role model– not just for Hispanic or female ambitious scientists, but for anyone who believes that excellence will finally find its recognition and reward.
1. What inspired Ochoa to have a higher ambition in 1983?| A．Her graduation from San Diego State University. |
| B．Her mother’s stress on further education. |
| C．Neil Armstrong’s life experience. |
| D．Sally Ride’s example. |
| A．Optical systems to see the moon. | B．Computerized models used in space. |
| C．Three optical devices. | D．Computer systems for management. |
| A．In 1980. | B．In 1983. | C．In 1991. | D．In 1993. |
| A．Creativity starts with an idea. |
| B．Courage is knowing what not to fear. |
| C．Follow excellence, and success will come to you. |
| D．Understand your limitations, and you can remove them. |
Maddy and I have been friends since we were babies. The daycare we went to divided kids into groups according to age, and we were together before we could talk.
A year ago, Maddy’s family moved two hours away, and for months I begged my parents to take me for a visit. Finally, last week, my dad had to drive to a meeting in that direction, so we arranged that I’d spend the weekend at Maddy’s.
Maddy and I were so excited and we had three different phone conversations planning the awesome stuff we’d do during our time together, like bike riding and favorite song singing. I even made an official document (文档) titled “Maddy and Angel’s Fun List” to make sure we’d fit in all the fun we could during my visit. I particularly missed the time when we made cookies together.
But plans don’t always work out as expected.
The day I visited Maddy, she greeted me with a hug and said, “Come on. You’re just in time.”
“In time for what?” I asked. “The Cookie Club.” Maddy said and pulled me into her living room. She told me it was the best TV show ever invented and there was a special show going to be on all day long.
“Cool.” I replied, “But we’re not actually going to watch it all day long, right?”
“Of course not,” Maddy took the control and sat on the sofa. “But you have to watch one and see how great it is.”
The first thing I learned about The Cookie Club was that it’s about three kids who happen to live where strange goings-on are always going on. It combines mysteries and cookies-two things fairly impossible not to love. The second thing was that it would attract you to watch more and more episodes (集). You were so busy solving the delicious mystery and forget about anything except the one on the screen. The first day was over, but we didn’t manage to do a single thing on our Fun List.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
(请在答题卡作答上，此处作答无效)
It was not until bedtime that we realized we should turn off the TV.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Luckily, we made a wonderful Sunday completing what we chose last night.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| A. put up B. swept away C. got ahead D. broke down E. be capable of F. take advantage of G. crash into |
2. The laughter and cheerful conversations at holiday gatherings
3. The hurricane caused a tree branch to
4. We intended to
5. Through making continuous efforts, he
7 . Cycling Tips for Beginners
If you’re new to cycling-whether it is a goal to stay health y or you picked it up because of increasing gas prices-congratulations!
There are so many amazing adventures in store for you.
◎Set your seat height right.
Are you experiencing pain in the front of your knee, or do you feel like your pedaling (踩动) is underpowered? Your seat might be too low.
◎
One of the biggest sources of injury comes from trying to take on far distances before you’re ready. Build up slowly, ease in, and give your body time to adapt to longer distances. Similarly, if you’re on a training ride, don’t start too fast and risk burnout in the second half.
◎Learn how to ride in a group.
Group rides have their own standards and rules for a reason.
| A．Avoid doing too much too soon. |
| B．Take a test ride before buying a bike. |
| C．This is a common mistake among beginners. |
| D．It’s easy to cause a crash if your riding cannot be expected. |
| E．But it does take a little practice to get the hang of your bikes. |
| F．But we also understand that cycling can be hard to manage at first. |
| G．They are just suggestions that’ll make riding more safe and enjoyable. |
1. Where is the speaker?
| A．In China. | B．In America. | C．In Spain. |
| A．At 4 p. m. | B．At 6 p. m. | C．At 8 p. m. |
| A．Call a taxi to his home. |
| B．Enjoy the festival shows together. |
| C．Stay up until next morning. |
| A．To discuss a plan. | B．To introduce a festival. | C．To offer an invitation. |
1. What will the city square be changed into?
| A．A shopping center. | B．An entertainment park. | C．A city symbol. |
| A．Disappointed. | B．Excited. | C．Relieved. |
| A．Shopping convenience. |
| B．Walking exercise. |
| C．Peaceful environment. |
| A．Ugly things. | B．Space for outing. | C．Working chances. |
1. What has Chris been struggling with recently?
| A．Managing his feelings. | B．Studying physics. | C．Talking to teachers. |
| A．By doing exercises every day. |
| B．By listing all steps to find mistakes. |
| C．By finding learning materials online. |
| A．Learning methods. | B．Physics exams. | C．Study performances. |
