1 . Plastic is everywhere, from the Arctic ice to vital organs in the human body. In fact, previous estimates suggest that the average person swallows a credit card-worth of microscopic plastic particles(颗粒) every week. But new research shows that this could actually be an understatement.

Microplastics are plastics smaller than 5 millimeters, found in industrial waste, beauty products, and formed during the degradation of larger plastic pieces. Over time, they break down into even smaller nanoplastics. These tiny particles can pass through our intestines and lungs into our bloodstreams, reaching vital organs like the heart and brain.

While the idea of eating plastic is unsettling in itself, the major concern here is that these plastic particles contain chemicals that can interrupt our body’s natural release of hormones, potentially increasing our risk of reproductive disorders and certain cancers. They can also carry toxins(毒素) on their surface like heavy metals.

In the past, researchers have shown bottled water can contain tens of thousands of identifiable plastic fragments in a single container. However, until recently, only the larger microplastics were detectable with available measuring tools, leaving the area of nanoplastics largely a mystery.

Using Raman microscopy (显微镜学), capable of detecting particles down to the size of a flu virus, the team measured an average of 240, 000 particles of plastic per liter of bottled water, 90 percent of which were nanoplastics, a revelation 10 to 100 times larger than previous estimates.

These plastics likely originate from the bottle material, filters used to “purify” the water, and the source water itself. “It is not totally unexpected to find so much of this stuff, ” the study’s lead author, Columbia graduate student Naixin Qian, said in a statement. His team hopes to expand their research into tap water and other water sources to better inform our exposure to these potentially dangerous particles. “The idea is that the smaller things get, the more of them I reveal, ” he added.

1. What is the primary focus of the new research?

A．The presence of plastic particles.	B．The use of plastic in everyday products.
C．The detection methods for microplastics.	D．The potential risks of nanoplastics to human.

2. What is the advantage of Raman microscopy?

A．Finding the source of plastic particles.	B．Helping to cure the deadly flu virus.
C．Detecting the smaller plastic particles.	D．Improving the quality of bottled water.

3. Why will the team expand their research into tap water?

A．To focus on areas with higher plastic pollution.

B．To be aware of the dangerous particles in daily life.

C．To further measure the types of particles in tap water.

D．To detect the smaller plastic particles in industrial areas.

4. What is Qian’s attitude towards his research?

A．Skeptical.

B．Objective.

C．Conservative.

D．Positive.

2 . People duck responsibility for reasons ranging from simple laziness or a fear of failure, through to a sense of feeling frightened by the scale of a problem or a situation. Whatever the reason, if people fail to take responsibility, they’ll fail in their jobs, they’ll fail their teams, and they’ll fail to grow as individuals. All of this makes it important to address the issue.

Signs of not being responsible

There are several signs to watch out for. These include:

Lacking interest in their work, and in the well-being of the team

Blaming others for mistakes and failures

Missing deadlines

Avoiding challenging tasks and projects, and not taking risks

Regularly complaining about unfair treatment by team leaders and members and engaging in self-pity

Avoiding being dependent on others for work, advice and instructions

Lacking trust in team members and leaders

Ways to encourage responsibility

Start by talking

Your first step is to talk to the individuals concerned. Are there circumstances that are contributing to the situation, or problems that you can deal with?

Communicate roles, responsibilities and objectives

Your people need to know clearly what their roles and responsibilities are. Ensure that you have an up-to-date job description for each team member, and be as detailed as possible about every responsibility that they have.

Re-engage people

Your people will be more engaged if their work is supported with their values. Talk to them to find out what they are. Then, illustrate how their daily tasks and responsibilities go with those values.

Give plenty of praise

Finally, be sure to give your people plenty of praise when they do take responsibility. And help them improve by providing them with regular, effective and fair feedback.

1. What will happen if John fails to take responsibility?

A．He can complete his jobs.

B．His teams may suffer.

C．His growth will continue.

D．He will lose his life.

2. Which is the sign of John’s irresponsibility?

A．“It’s not my fault.”

B．“I’ll have it completed tomorrow.”

C．“It’s tough, but I can manage it.”

D．“I need resources to solve the problem. ”

3. What will you do first ifyour team members lacks responsibility?

A．Let him know their specific tasks.

B．Get them to find out the values of work.

C．Praise them for their good jobs.

D．Have a chat with him to find out problems.

3 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is the conversation mainly about?

A．Fighting fires.

B．Detecting fires.

C．Using fires.

2. How many fires did California have in 2020?

A．Around 50.

B．About 400.

C．Over 8600.

3. What size of fire can the new satellites discover?

A．Size of a car.

B．Size of a plane.

C．Size of a sports field.

4. What is more important to the woman?

A．Saving animals.

B．Saving the trees.

C．Saving humans.

4 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Green Thumb

All I did was show my little sister how to grow plants. Dig a hole. Put in a seed. Cover it with dirt. Water it. Wait. “See, Laynie,” I explained, “a whole plant will grow from this tiny seed. All we have to do is water it.”

Laynie had her own watering can so she could “help” me in the garden. One day, after everything was watered, she ran to the fence and started sprinkling water on another spot. I walked over and saw a fresh patch of dirt near the fence.

“Did you plant something there?” I asked.

“Yes,” she said. “I’m growing a pencil. My purple pencil got too small, so I planted it.”

“What? But, Laynie—”

I should have explained things right then, but I just muttered, “Uh…I never grew one before.”

Later I got what seemed like a great idea. I dug up Laynie’s pencil and “planted” a brand-new purple pencil. Laynie was really excited when she saw it. “My pencil grew!” she shouted.

A few days later, Laynie was watering on the same spot. Two days later, new crayons sticking their pointy little heads out, thanks to me. Laynie jumped up and down and yelled, “They look like flowers!” She “picked” them and ran into the house.

Next, Laynie grew an adult bear doll from a tiny one, a soup spoon from a teaspoon, and a hand mirror from a piece of glass. When she claimed that she had grown these things, I just kept my mouth shut! Actually, it was fun trying to think of what should grow from Laynie’s seeds. And it was cool to see her get excited.

One day I saw her patting down some dirt near the fence again, so I knew she’d just planted something. My heart dropped to my feet when she asked, “How long does it take to grow a goldfish, Brad?” I couldn’t speak.

“Not long, I bet!” said Laynie. She knelt down to whisper “Grow, Molly. Grow!” before she skipped back to the house.

注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I sat down with my back to the fence and thought for a long time.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Later I found Laynie sitting by the spot where Molly was buried.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 . Ana Lizana works for the East Anglia ONE project-the largest of shore wind farm in Europe, made up of 102 turbines (涡轮) and powering around 500, 000 homes. It’s expected to be the model for offshore wind farms around the UK. A journalist is interviewing her.

Journalist: You’ve bad great career development. How did that happen?

Ana: My excellent female engineer manager taught me to be disciplined (训练有素的) and organized at work. I’m proud of being one of the few female electrical engineers on the project but all the women are from Spain. Scottish Power found it difficult to acquire female electrical engineers from the UK. In Spain, the industry is more equal because the numbers of boys and girls who study engineering are the same.

Journalist: What do the pupils ask when you visit them?

Ana: The schoolchildren ask me about my salary, because most of them want to be lawyers or doctors or do economics for banking. Girls in the UK don’t regard engineering as an opportunity. I tell them that I enjoy what I’m doing and that we provide and generate electricity for everybody.

Journalist: What’s the worst thing that has gone wrong?

Ana: For a tight programme, the worst thing is when we lose time. That can be the most stressful. My responsibility is about making sure it’ll be on time and is ready.

Journalist: How do you feel at weekends?

Ana: Tired! This project is a full marathon. You cannot work every day at 100pc but you need to try to be at 80pc. The weekend is all about rest and filling myself with new energy.

Journalist: What is the most satisfying thing about your work?

Ana: To know that you are creating a project that can generate electricity just by using wind. You are working on something great and being useful, and sharing knowledge with colleagues.

1. What can we learn about the East Anglia ONE project?

A．It contains more than 102 turbines

B．It’s the largest wind farm in Europe.

C．It provides electricity for 500.000 people.

D．It’s likely to set an example to British of shore wind farms.

2. Ana Lizana feels the most stressed when             .

A．she is asked about her salary

B．she trains and organizes girls

C．she shares knowledge with colleagues

D．she fails to generate electricity as quickly as possible

3. We can make a safe conclusion from the text that            .

A．the UK needs more female electrical engineers

B．Spain has more boys than girls studying engineering

C．Scottish Power calls for male engineers from the UK

D．Europe generates most electricity just by using wind

6 . Personalized medicine changes conventional medicine which typically offers blanket recommendations and offers treatments designed to help more people than they bam but that might not work for you. The approach recognizes that we each possess unique characteristics, and they have an out size impact on our health.

Around the world, researchers are creating precision tools unimaginable just a decade ago: superfast DNA sequencing(排序); tissue engineering, cell reprogramming, gene editing, and more. The science and technology soon will make it possible to predict your risk of cancer, heart disease, and countless other illnesses years before you get sick. The work also offers prospects for changing genes in removing some diseases.

Last spring, researchers at the National Cancer Institute reported the dramatic recovery of a woman with breast cancer, Judy Perkins. The team, led by Steven Rosenberg, an immune(免疫的) treatment pioneer, had sequenced her cancer cells’ DNA to analyze the sudden change. The team also removed a sampling of immune cells and tested them to see which ones recognized her cancer cells' genetic faults. The scientists reproduced the winning immune cells by the billions and put them into Perkins to attack her cancer cells. More than two y cars later. Perkins, a retired engineer from Florida, shows no signs of cancer.

Thirty years ago, scientists thought that it would be impossible to understand our genetic rules and sequence the 3.2 billion pairs of different elements in our DNA. “It was like you were talking fairytales,” Kurzrock said. “The conventional wisdom was that it would never happen. Never And then in 2003, never was over.”

It took the Human Gene Project 13 years, roughly one billion dollars, and scientists from six countries to sequence one gene complex. Today sequencing costs about a thousand dollars. The latest machines can produce the results in a day. The technology, combined with advanced cell analysis, clarifies the astonishing biochemical variations that make every human body unique.

1. What can we know about personalized medicine?

A．It has emerged a decade before.

B．It offers blanket recommendations.

C．It uses genetic information to help patients.

D．It administers treatment intended for most people.

2. Which best describes those precision tools?

A．Promising.

B．Highly risky.

C．Fruitless.

D．Strictly confidential.

3. What happened in the process of treating Judy Perkins' breast cancer?

A．Sequencing her immune cells.

B．Reprogramming her cancer cells

C．Analysis of her life style changes.

D．Identification of cancer-fighting cells.

4. What's the last paragraph mainly talking about concerning sequencing?

A．Its wide applications.	B．Its recent advances.
C．Its major disadvantages.	D．Its attractive prospects.

7 . James Warren rides the public bus a lot in his hometown of Denver. Then in January, Warren spotted a woman waiting for a bus. There was no seating at the stop—and no sidewalk—so she sat in the dirt. So he decided to build a bench.

“I just took some scrap wood and went to town,” Warren said. He then realized that one bench was far from enough. There are more than 9,000 bus stops in the Denver metro area, many of them without seating or shelter. Warren carves “Be kind” on each one—each made from scrap wood he finds in construction waste containers.

“I met some ladies the other day who were talking about how they used the benches every day,” Warren added. “It fills me up. It’s air in my tires.”

Warren said many people have hopped on his bench—making bandwagon, which has motivated him to build more. “I’ve had a lot of people reach out to me on Twitter,” he said. “Some people have wanted to come and help me.” Others saw Warren’s work in the local news and decided to take out their tools, too. People also started donating supplies. “That puts me over the moon,” Warren said.

Nica Cave, 26, a Denver mobility advocate, said, “The lack of infrastructure, shelter and seating at transit stops marginalizes(边缘化) those who rely on public transit. People like Warren are really encouraging me to see how people are willing to use their own time and resources to provide these much-needed services.” Cave added that she hopes the local government will see Warren’s benches and get involved.

That is precisely Warren’s goal. Warren—who is planning to organize a bench-building workshop—said his hope is that his benches make a difference in his community and even beyond. “My goal is to make people’s lives just a little bit better.” Warren said.

1. What do we know about Warren’s benches?

A．They are carved with his name.	B．They can be found at any bus stop.
C．They are specially designed for women.	D．They are made of recycled materials.

2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．It is the source of my effort.	B．My tires are almost flat.
C．I need to fill air into my tires.	D．Praise is the best reward for me.

3. What made Warren feel happy?

A．The good sales of the benches.	B．The assistance from other people.
C．The comments on Twitter.	D．The awards from the local government.

4. What is Warren’s true purpose of organizing the workshop?

A．To earn more money to live a better life.

B．To set up his own bench-building workshop.

C．To encourage people to use more public transit.

D．To make people live a little bit better.

8 . Everyone learns a little bit differently. Some people learn best by listening, while others are visual learners.    1     It will show you how best to improve your understanding of different topics whether you're a student or just someone trying to expand your knowledge base.

Try visual learning. Ask yourself if you rely on images to help you understand key topics. For example, when you are reading your biology text, do you find the diagrams more helpful than the written words?     2    If this is helpful, you may be a visual learner.

    3    If you are not sure if this applies to you, you could begin listening to a recording of a book to see if this helps you focus and understand the text. If you need to hear something read out loud in order to fully grasp the concept, this style may be a perfect choice for you.

Learn through words. Verbal(言语的) learners are most comfortable with words, both spoken and written.    4     Reading is one of the most effective ways for you to obtain information. When you study, do you make written outlines of the material？This is an indication that learning through words is your preference.

Use movement to learn.     5    And movement is key to obtaining information for this style of learning. If the thought of sitting through a lecture makes you nervous, you might learn better through physical activity. Do you fidget（坐立不安）a lot? This is another sign. To find out whether you are a physical learner, try standing up while reading.

A．Use your senses.

B．Try to identify your own learning style.

C．Experiment with learning through sound.

D．Add more pictures to the topic you are learning.

E．Most people learn best with a combination of learning styles.

F．Physical learners rely on their hands, sense of touch, and physical activity.

G．If you are a bookworm, you are very likely comfortable with this learning style.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

World Olive (橄榄) Tree Day takes place     1     26th November every year. It was established     2     (official) at the 40th session of the UNESCO General Conference in 2019.The olive tree, especially the olive branch, holds an important place in people’s mind. Since ancient times, it     3     (symbolize) peace, harmony and     4     (wise) .It is important not just to the countries     5     these noble trees grow but also to people and communities worldwide.

Protecting and growing the olive tree is     6     increasingly urgent thing as the world fights against climate change. The conservation of cultural and natural heritage is one of UNESco’s     7     (center) goals, and marking World Olive Tree Day strengthens the efforts to achieve it.

World Olive Tree Day is set up     8     (encourage) the protection of the olive tree and stress the values it symbolizes,     9     (inspire) people to appreciate its important social, cultural, economic and environmental significance to humans.

There is much to learn, share and celebrate on World Olive Tree Day, and UNESCO encourages everyone to participate in     10     (activity) such as debates, conferences, cultural events and exhibitions organized worldwide.

10 . Young boys often dream of superpowers to solve their problems. It was 1933, while the country was still ________the Great Depression, Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster put their ________ down on paper. In the process, they created the world’s most popular superhero, Superman.

Joe was the artist and sketched all the time, ________ out at newsstands absorbed in magazines, especially “Amazing Stories,” and then ________ to recreate them at home. Jerry was the storyteller. The idea of Superman ________upon him in the middle of a sleepless summer night. When the Superman’s origin story started ________ , he dashed over to Joe’s place and showed it to him. Then they just sat down, and worked straight out.

As is often the case, when we experience something ________ in life, we deal with the feeling through ________expression. Jerry’s father had died during a robbery. A young child might ________ that experience by wishing something could have ________   it. For Jerry, out came the Man of Steel, who was ________ to bullets and protecting innocent people was his ________.

The story of Superman has inspired kids for generations. It has ________   their fears and driven their dreams. Most   ________   , the Man of Steel has inspired us all to find our superpower and use them to help others. Therefore, the next time you are inspired to ________   a friend from being bullied, or help the widow next door with your superpower smile, thank Joe and Jerry, two awkward high school kids who dreamt up Superman—making the world a little more safe and fair.

1.

A．evaluating

B．undergoing

C．controlling

D．overcoming

2.

A．concepts

B．principles

C．ideas

D．disputes

3.

A．hanging

B．working

C．running

D．figuring

4.

A．get out

B．stand out

C．set out

D．put out

5.

A．struck

B．dawned

C．fell

D．occurred

6.

A．taking action

B．taking effect

C．taking shape

D．taking aim

7.

A．tiresome

B．tragic

C．memorable

D．grateful

8.

A．creative

B．personal

C．academic

D．skillful

9.

A．remember

B．commend

C．judge

D．process

10.

A．defeated

B．predicted

C．prevented

D．supported

11.

A．subject

B．resistant

C．sensitive

D．accustomed

12.

A．responsibility

B．belief

C．command

D．contribution

13.

A．shared

B．confirmed

C．boosted

D．calmed

14.

A．unexpectedly

B．importantly

C．fortunately

D．obviously

15.

A．ban

B．help

C．save

D．facilitate