3 . Technology is the application of knowledge to production. _______modern technology, we have been able to increase greatly the efficiency of our work force. New machines and new methods have helped_______time and expense while increasing overall output. This has meant more production and a higher_______of living. Technology has also increased the amount of food_______to us, by means of modern farming machinery and animal breeding techniques, and has_______our life span via medical technology.

Will mankind_______to live longer and have a higher quality of life？In large measure, the answer_______technology and our ability to use it wisely. If we keep making progress as we have over the past fifty years, the answer is_______yes. The advancement of technology depends upon research and development, and the latest_______ show that the United States is continuing to pump billions of dollars annually into such efforts. ________, while we are running out of some scarce resources we may well find technological substitutes(替代品)for many of them__________our research programs.

Therefore, in the final analysis, the three major factors of production(land, labor and capital)are all__________by technology. When we need new skills or techniques. in medicine, people will start developing new technology to meet those__________. As equipment proves to be slow or__________, new machines will be invented. Technology________ to our needs in helping us maintain our standard of living.

1.

A．In addition to

B．Instead of

C．In spite of

D．Thanks to

2.

A．cut off

B．cut down

C．take down

D．take off

3.

A．standard

B．profit

C．stage

D．range

4.

A．inferior

B．blind

C．available

D．close

5.

A．extended

B．transformed

C．saved

D．developed

6.

A．refuse

B．plan

C．pretend

D．continue

7.

A．gives up

B．makes up

C．depends on

D．insists on

8.

A．temporarily

B．definitely

C．willingly

D．equally

9.

A．fashion

B．data

C．attention

D．category

10.

A．However

B．Furthermore

C．Or

D．So

11.

A．on

B．into

C．without

D．through

12.

A．retained

B．applied

C．influenced

D．introduced

13.

A．needs

B．issues

C．studies

D．dreams

14.

A．illegal

B．inefficient

C．inexact

D．illogical

15.

A．appeals

B．turns

C．responds

D．objects

4 . Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,   C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

As a child, what did you want to be when you grew up? If you were like most children, you probably let your imagination run _______ . Maybe you dreamed of   flying into space   or being   a   famous chef. Then perhaps over the years, your dreams became more _______ Or you might have   given up on some altogether.

If that’s the case, then today’s the day for you. January 13th is Make Your Dreams Come True Day. If you’ve been   _______   fulfilling your dreams, this is the day to make a fresh   start.

It’s important to dream because dreams can   give us the _______   to succeed in life. Dreams   inspire and   motivate us. The great thing about dreams is that there’s no _______   to accomplish       them right away. They might take a few years   or they might take a lifetime to _______ . The     important thing is that you’re       _______   working toward your dream. And the best way to do that is     by setting goals.

What is the_______between a dream and a goal? It’s been said that dreams are the final destination; goals are the stops along the way.

Dreams can be very _______ . But the steps you take to reach them should be very     ________.       Your dreams state what you want, but goals explain how you’ll get there. That makes goal seting a necessary step in       ________     your dreams.

Many successful people have spoken about dreams. Former U. S. Secretary of State Colin Powell stressed the________ of working for our dreams. “A dream doesn’t become reality through   magic: it takes sweat,     ________     and hard work. “Author Les Brown reminded us that dreams have       no__________   limit. You are never too old to set another goal or to dream a new   dream.

If you’ve been dreaming about doing something for years, start today. Write down yo dream, and     ________   your goals. Then you’ll be on your way to making your dreams come   true.

1.

A．fast

B．high

C．well

D．wild.

2.

A．colorful

B．amazing

C．realistic

D．attractive

3.

A．putting off

B．taking off

C．getting off

D．paying off

4.

A．opportunity

B．direction

C．energy

D．access

5.

A．pressure

B．doubt

C．sense

D．need

6.

A．seek

B．achieve

C．explain

D．design

7.

A．really

B．almost

C．always

D．hardly

8.

A．concept

B．similarity

C．comparison

D．difference

9.

A．unreal

B．general

C．changeable

D．flexible

10.

A．specific

B．abstract

C．common

D．complicated

11.

A．imaging

B．avoiding

C．reaching

D．believing

12.

A．process

B．benefit

C．consequence

D．importance

13.

A．blood

B．determination

C．intelligence

D．loyalty

14.

A．age

B．extra

C．space

D．normal

15.

A．transfer

B．convert

C．establish

D．devote

5 . Winter is the season of snow. The most common way to _______ the snow in France is to ski. My heart beat faster when my host mother announced a trip to the alps; it meant that I, a girl who had had little _______ with snow before, would be able to explore the beauty of the most famous European _______ range.

As our car moved slowly _______ the snow to the ski resort, I found myself in a _______ world of giant peaks, and branches yearning(向往) upward to the sky.

My first skiing lesson was all about falling down and. _______ . At the beginning, _______ the sense of motion, I deliberately fell each time I started to move. After falling facing the _______ and with my legs twisted(扭曲), and after losing my ski canes(杖), I was a(n)   _______ in getting up. On the ground, I would pull off my skis and make them parallel(平行) to each other, then move my weight forward ________ I could stand up. But ________ . I got used to skiing and soon fell in love with the wind whistling in my ears as I sped ________ the slopes. Over the holiday, I learnt to turn left and right to ________ snow ploughs(扫雪机). On the final day, I ________ skied the off- tracks so that I could visit some of the lovely snowy villages in the area.

Skiing was not only an amazing and enjoyable journey, but also a continuous ________. The spirit of skiing says: Life is all about falling down and getting up.

1.

A．clear

B．enjoy

C．watch

D．remove

2.

A．contact

B．interest

C．difficulty

D．desire

3.

A．ground

B．earth

C．river

D．mountain

4.

A．beyond

B．from

C．beneath

D．through

5.

A．hard

B．dream

C．modern

D．mad

6.

A．getting up

B．getting along

C．turning up

D．turning away

7.

A．surprised at

B．frightened of

C．relieved at

D．conscious of

8.

A．wind

B．village

C．resort

D．slope

9.

A．judge

B．instructor

C．expert

D．learner

10.

A．in case

B．while

C．so that

D．because

11.

A．regularly

B．instantly

C．gradually

D．strictly

12.

A．to

B．on

C．around

D．toward

13.

A．supply

B．avoid

C．rent

D．produce

14.

A．ever

B．almost

C．even

D．just

15.

A．challenge

B．example

C．pain

D．action

6 . Global retailers lose nearly $450 billion every year as a result of out-of-stock items, empty shelves, and other human errors. So Simbe Robotics today _______ its first product—Tally. It is the world’s first robotic autonomous shelf auditing and analytics _______.

The solution _______ one or more mobile robots that can monitor retail environments to capture, report, and analyze the state and help ensure the _______ placement of products on shelves in order to maximize sales.

Tally can help look for stock that is running low and stock that is nearing its sell-by-date and so needs to be _______. It can also analyze gaps in the shelves while also looking for products that are in the wrong place or facing the wrong _______. Pricing errors can be found too.

"When it comes to the retail industry, shopper experience is everything. If a product is _______ at the time the shopper wants to buy it, the retailer will miss an opportunity and disappoint his customer," according to Brad Bogolea, CEO and Co-founder of Simbe Robotics. "Tally helps retailers address these _______ by providing more precise and timely analysis of the state of in-store goods and freeing up staff to focus on customer service."

To date, the job of keeping shelves _______ stocked and monitoring out-of-date items is a full-time role for supermarket employees. __________, this approach is both costly and inaccurate. Simbe Robotics insists it is not trying to replace these workers, but instead__________ them up to spend more time helping customers.

Tally stands 38 inches tall, and has a(n) __________ sensor for capturing shelf data. The overall height is variable, __________ the retailer’s shelf height requirements. Tally weighs approximately 30 lbs, and can be easily moved to anywhere within a retail store’s floor plan.

It is __________ in trial with several North American retailers. If current trials of Tally show it to be genuinely __________, this clever little creation could well find its way into the stores far and wide soon.

1.

A．impressed

B．classified

C．announced

D．rewarded

2.

A．solution

B．regulation

C．imagination

D．instruction

3.

A．turns out

B．consists of

C．takes over

D．accounts for

4.

A．swift

B．generous

C．ideal

D．alternative

5.

A．downloaded

B．manufactured

C．wasted

D．discounted

6.

A．charge

B．basis

C．claim

D．direction

7.

A．unavailable

B．improper

C．inaccurate

D．irregular

8.

A．blames

B．apologies

C．promises

D．challenges

9.

A．necessarily

B．vigorously

C．fully

D．luxuriously

10.

A．Moreover

B．However

C．For example

D．As a result

11.

A．give

B．make

C．free

D．blow

12.

A．knowledgeable

B．adjustable

C．comfortable

D．reasonable

13.

A．depending on

B．sticking to

C．getting along with

D．taking part in

14.

A．occasionally

B．currently

C．commonly

D．universally

15.

A．descriptive

B．moderate

C．sincere

D．effective

7 . German universities, known for their excellence throughout the world in the early part of the 20th century, are in a state of decline, according to Michael Burda, an American economics professor at Berlin’s Humholdt University.

Burda claims that Germany’s 300_______ schools   are being hurt by “a long time shortage of general _______.”

“No statistic(统计数字) makes this more evident than a low proportion of young Germans actually _______ university-level degrees,” he says.

Only 22 percent of German students aged 24-34 _________ complete their university studies. That’s compared to 31 percent in the UK, and 39 percent in the US, _______ the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).

One reason for the _______ is that Germany spends barely 1.1 percent of its gross domestic product (GDP) _______ higher education, compared to 2. 6 percent in the US.

“A central reason why so few Germans pursue university degrees here is the deterioration(下降/退化) in the _______ of education. This certainly comes from the rise in the number of students per teacher. Those who have the _______ and the means often study abroad,” he said.

Since the 1960s, more than 90 percent of German higher education has been publicly ________ . Famous universities are still public institutions, financed by federal and regional governments

Private funding of universities is ________ in Germany. This comes from the country's lack of a donating tradition and rules limiting the amounts of tax-free donations.

But now ________ may be changing.

Professor Dieter Lenzen, president of Berlin’s Free University, agrees that ________ money has to be spent on higher education. But he disputes(对……质疑) Burda’s ________ that German universities are in decline.

“A decade ago that may have been the ________, but that was a result of the unsteady situation at the time of reunification. Now, things have changed for the better,” Lenzen said.

1.

A．self

B．distance

C．higher

D．language

2.

A．knowledge

B．funding

C．aid

D．delivery

3.

A．completing

B．rewarding

C．dreaming of

D．applying for

4.

A．successfully

B．scarcely

C．instantly

D．naturally

5.

A．as to

B．due to

C．in addition to

D．according to

6.

A．limit

B．cut

C．control

D．decline

7.

A．in

B．on

C．at

D．for

8.

A．difficulty

B．quantity

C．quality

D．charge

9.

A．hobby

B．will

C．advice

D．doubt

10.

A．improved

B．established.

C．donated

D．supported

11.

A．rare

B．common

C．supplementary

D．free

12.

A．taxes

B．disciplines

C．attitudes

D．decisions

13.

A．less

B．more

C．no

D．any

14.

A．interest

B．claim

C．need

D．emotion

15.

A．evidence

B．occasion

C．situation.

D．case

8 . Imagine that you're an insect，and that you have fallen ill because some bacteria or parasites have attacked your body. If you want to make it to a ripe old_______age，your body will need to fight off these_______.

The problem is that if you're an insect，your_______span may be only a few days long. This means that _______humans，you simply don't have the time to relax yourself in bed，watching TV and waiting for your body to_______how to fight off each disease it comes across.

Still，there's no reason for your insect self to be_______and thus lose calmness. Evolution has_______you with what scientists call inborn immunity，which you take over from your parents. Inborn immunity means that your bug body has the power to_______recognize and destroy many_______enemies.

In your bug body there is a fluid called hemolymph（血淋巴），which is________to human blood. If you're________，elements in the hemolymph interact with specialized cells in your immune system to thicken and form a hard dry covering over the________of the wound that locks your wound and prevents infection. The hemolymph also contains proteins that are ready to________enemies like bacteria or fungi. However，some attackers，like tiny parasitic insects，may be too large for the proteins to________.

In this case，your body encloses the enemy and walls it off from the rest of the body. The enveloped enemy then stays inside you for the rest of your________insect life，or until you fly into a windshield，whichever comes first.

1.

A．human

B．insect

C．school

D．retirement

2.

A．attackers

B．disorders

C．attempts

D．creatures

3.

A．wing

B．attention

C．memory

D．life

4.

A．apart from

B．speaking of

C．similar to

D．different from

5.

A．try out

B．drown out

C．figure out

D．point out

6.

A．shocked

B．frightened

C．confused

D．bored

7.

A．provided

B．decorated

C．littered

D．sheltered

8.

A．accidentally

B．temporarily

C．instantly

D．rarely

9.

A．common

B．nasty

C．public

D．dangerous

10.

A．relative

B．equivalent

C．resistant

D．poisonous

11.

A．injured

B．disturbed

C．awakened

D．stirred

12.

A．root

B．poison

C．bottom

D．surface

13.

A．kidnap

B．capture

C．kill

D．bite

14.

A．handle

B．treat

C．spread

D．separate

15.

A．golden

B．long

C．artificial

D．natural

9 . American parents usually think that their child should not have more pocket money than the children with whom he regularly connects even if they are wealthier. But neither are children expected to_______with the richer if a large family, heavy responsibilities, or other conditions make it_______to give a child less spending money than is customary in the neighborhood.

Whatever the pocket money is, its entire use is not controlled by the_______, because a child learns to use money correctly only through_______the pocket money himself. If a seven-year-old child gets a quarter as a week pocket money and is made to put it all in his piggy bank to save it up, he gets no idea what the_______use for the money is. He gets the shiny coins and they soon_______.

The idea of a bank account is too early for so_______a child, although he can be made to understand and_______ saving his coins—not all of them, only a part of what he receives—to buy something he especially wants. By the time he is eight, when he is old enough to take part in the opening of his own saving account, parents may take him to the bank, open a saving account for him, and_______him to put a certain quantity of any checks that he receives as________into the bank and watch his bank savings________as entry by entry is made.

He will be saving, earning, and spending________quantities all along in order to learn how to________money and to keep him in a favorable position with his friends. The boy who can't join his fellows in sweet shops________he has to save every cent he gets or earns for some big unknown project his parents have been chosen for him, is a ________child.

1.

A．deal

B．communicate

C．fight

D．compare

2.

A．necessary

B．important

C．urgent

D．meaningful

3.

A．pupils

B．teachers

C．children

D．parents

4.

A．setting aside

B．dealing with

C．getting rid of

D．making up

5.

A．main

B．slow

C．full

D．real

6.

A．miss

B．lose

C．disappear

D．melt

7.

A．tall

B．large

C．healthy

D．small

8.

A．resist

B．avoid

C．enjoy

D．delay

9.

A．encourage

B．force.

C．beg

D．allow

10.

A．prizes

B．salaries

C．incomes

D．gifts

11.

A．develop

B．grow

C．progress

D．decline

12.

A．timely

B．equal

C．suitable

D．satisfactory

13.

A．save

B．spend

C．calculate

D．manage

14.

A．because

B．however

C．therefore

D．otherwise

15.

A．miserable

B．poor

C．rich

D．smart

10 . A new study has found evidence of aggressive behavior in children who drink four or more servings of soft drinks.every day._______for the study came from the mothers of 3,000 5-year-olds.

Researchers asked the women to keep a_______of how many servings of soft drinks their children drank over a two-month period. The women were also asked to_______a checklist of their children’s behavior.

Shakira Suglia worked on the study with researchers from the University of Vermont and Harvard University School of Public Health. She says they found that children who drank the most soda were more than two times as likely as those who drank no soda to show_______of aggression.

“For the children who_______four or more soft drinks per day, we see an association between aggressive behaviors, attention problems and withdrawn (孤僻的) behaviors.”

The aggressive behaviors included destroying possessions_______others, taking part in fights and_______attacking people.

Shakira Suglia says the researchers identified the_______after they.considered sociodemographic (社会人口的) factors like the child’s age and sex. They also considered other possible influence,_______whether the boys and girls were eating sweets or taking fruit drinks on a normal day. In addition, the researchers examined parenting styles and other social conditions that might be________in the home.

Doctor Suglia says it’s not________why young children who drink a lot of spda have behavior problems.

“We can’t prove that this is a direct________relationship, having said that, there are a lot of ingredients in soda, a lot of ingredients that have not.been examined in relation to behavior.”

A________often found in soft drinks is caffeine, which helps to make people feel energized.

Doctor Suglia suggests that caffeine could be causing the 5-year-olds to be more aggressive. The research is part of a large study called the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, which________5,000 poor mothers and their children in 20 American cities.

Earlier studies of young adults have found the highest sugar levels in those who carry weapons and show signs of________social behaviors.

1.

A．Information

B．Curiosity

C．Demand

D．Reason

2.

A．distance

B．record

C．balance

D．secret

3.

A．construct.

B．state

C．choose

D．complete

4.

A．marks

B．signs

C．ideas

D．sights

5.

A．consumed

B．assumed

C．proposed

D．produced

6.

A．turning to

B．objecting to

C．keeping to

D．belonging to

7.

A．gently

B．physically

C．socially

D．reasonably

8.

A．division

B．measure

C．link

D．quality

9.

A．besides

B．as to

C．despite

D．such as

10.

A．breaking in

B．getting ready

C．looking out

D．taking place

11.

A．likely

B．wrong

C．clear

D．sure

12.

A．early and late

B．back and forth

C．cause and effect

D．ups and downs

13.

A．virus

B．substance

C．nutrient

D．factor

14.

A．follows

B．awards

C．comforts

D．supports

15.

A．inspiring

B．amusing

C．negative

D．creative