2 . Reading is an important professional skill. In order to build your reading habit and enjoy your reading to the fullest, begin practicing good reading skills as follows.

Read for content.

When you read, read for the main idea of each paragraph, along with its supporting reasons. When building up reading skills, it can be helpful to read with a pencil in hand to take notes.     1    .

Look up unfamiliar words.

Merriam Webster online is a wonderful resource for defining (定义) unfamiliar words.     2    . When you reach a good stopping point, return to each word and look it up, re-reading the sentence where it appears. This helps understand the word and its usage in case there are various meanings.

Let your imagination get involved (参与).

    3    . Learn to enjoy your reading without asking too many questions. Just enjoy and look forward to getting the information, ideas and thoughts expressed by the writer.

    4    .

Reading for learning and enjoyment is never a hurry. Instead, take your time, develop your skills at your own speed. Do not get discouraged if you are a slow reader, especially at first. Each day, as you read, your mind will take the reading skills it learned before and apply them again, often with greater effects.

3 . Running isn’t exactly fun. It demands determination and a lot of energy before you get to enjoy it.    1     To help you like running, here are some things that you can do.

Determine your “why”.     2     This is the eagerness and driving force as to why you     even tried it out. There are many possible reasons as to why you’d want to run. It could be as simple as wanting to have better resistance after climbing a flight of stairs. It could also be something much long-term like wanting to look better and become healthier in the long run. Knowing the reason drives you to keep running.

Don’t take it too seriously. There’s nothing wrong with taking things lightly when it comes to running.    3     That can make you less eager to try out running and be uncomfortable   whenever you miss a running day.

Make a playlist. The proper music is very powerful in helping you through a running practice. Create a playlist that you can run to. Your running playlist will become a marker for your running.    4    You’ll also know that you’re almost done with your run when you’re listening to the ninth song on the list. It’s better to track your progress through music than through numbers, seconds, and miles.

4 . “Our research has shown that the No. 1 reason people become fans is that it's your connection to your first community,” said Adam Earnhardt, chairman of the communications department at Youngstown State University and co-author of Sports Fans, Identity and Socialization: Exploring the Fandemonium. “I don't care if a Seattle fan moves to China, he or she carries with them their love for the sports teams,” he said. “    1    ”

    2     And when a team begins to catch fire, as with, say, the Mariners in ' 95 or the Seahawks of recent vintage, well, it's easy to get swept up in the wave.

“It's phenomenal,” said Simons. “We have this ability to understand other people so remarkably that their victories literally become ours. Our testosterone literally responds to their victory.     3     They're us, and competing on a literal level as us—a little extension of us.

Professor Robert Cialdini at Arizona State University came up with the term BIRG— Basking In Reflected Glory—to describe the intense pride fans feel when their teams succeed. It can be used as a verb, as in, "Seahawks' fans are currently BIRGing up a storm." The counterpoint, as coined by researchers C. R. Snyder, Mary Anne Lassergard and Carol E. Ford, is the concept of CORFing—Cutting Off Reflected Failure.     4    We've all heard it in action: We won, but they lost.

This leads into another concept, that of cognitive bias, also known as confirmation bias, which causes fans to help explain away defeats by blaming outside factors, such as referees. I'm sure it would also help explain why Seahawks fans rallied around Richard Sherman after his postgame interview, rationalizing behavior that was widely criticized by many fans with no vested interest. It could also explain the notion of "eustress", invented by endocrinologist Hans Selye to refer to a combination of euphoria(极度愉快的心情)and stress, such as that resulting from watching tense sporting events. Indeed, it's much of the appeal.