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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了显微镜的使用方法和注意事项。

1 . A microscope is a useful instrument for observing small objects by producing a bigger image. Before using the microscope, please read the instructions below.

CAUTION

Microscopes are both easily broken and expensive and must be handled with care.

·Always carry the microscope with two hands — one supporting the base and the other on the arm.

·Avoid stretching the power cable of the lamp across a walkway.

·Keep the stage clean and always use a glass slide for samples. To avoid breaking the glass slide when focusing, begin with the lens (透镜) close to the sample and gradually back off to focus,

·Keep the microscope covered to prevent the buildup of dust while it is being stored.

HOW TO USE THE MICROSCOPE

1. Turn on the lamp.

2. Place a sample of what you want to observe on a slide.

3. Move the mirror so it can reflect light from the room up into the objective lens. When the mirror is in the correct position, a complete circle of light will appear when you look through the eyepiece (目镜).

4. Place your slide with the sample directly over the center of the glass circle on the stage. If it is a wet sample, be sure the bottom of the slide is dry.

5. Look through the eyepiece with one eye. Slowly raise the lens until the focus is relatively clear.

6. Without changing the focus knobs, switch to the HIGH POWER objective lens. Once you have switched to the HIGH POWER, only use the fine focus knob to make the image sharper.

1. What should we pay attention to after using the microscope?
A.Keeping it covered.
B.Turning on the lamp.
C.Washing the slide clean.
D.Keeping the lens far away from the sample.
2. If you want to observe a slice of apple, which of the following should you do first?
A.Move the mirror.B.Cover the microscope.
C.Put the slide on the stage.D.Place the slice on a glass slide.
3. When could you see a complete circle of light?
A.As soon as you turn on the lamp.
B.After slowly raising the objective lens.
C.While looking at the sample on the glass slide.
D.After moving the mirror in the correct position.
今日更新 | 0次组卷 | 1卷引用:山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了疫情导致频繁视频通话,但是许多人发现十分累人,文章主要说明了导致视频聊天累人的原因以及专家给出了建议。

2 . Since the pandemic (流行病) hit, we’re on video calls more than ever before, and many are finding it extremely tiring.

Being on a video call requires more focus than a face-to-face chat, says Gianpiero Petriglien, an associate professor at Insead. Video chats mean we need to work harder to process facial expressions, the tone and pitch of the voice, and body language: paying more attention to these consumes a lot of energy. “Our minds are together when our bodies feel we’re not. That causes people to have conflicting (互相冲突) feelings, and i: is exhausting You cannot relax into the conversation naturally.” he says.

“Silence is another challenge.” he adds. “Silence creates a natural rhythm in a real-life conversation. However, when it happens in a video call, you become anxious about the technology.” It also makes people uncomfortable. One 2014 study by German Scholars showed that delays (延迟) on phone or conferencing systems shaped our unpleasant views of people: even delays of 1.2 seconds made people regard the responder as less friendly or focused.

An added factor, says Marissa Shulffer, an associate professor at Clemson University, is that if we are physically on camera, we are very aware of being watched. “When you’re on a video conference, you knew everybody’s looking at you; you are on stage, so there comes the social pressure and feeling like you need to perform. Being performative is nerve-wracking.” It’s also very hard for people not to look at their own face if they can see it on screen, or not to be conscious (有意识的) of how they behave in front of the camera.

Both experts suggest limiting video calls to those that are necessary. Turning on the camera should be optional and is general there should be more understanding that cameras do not always have to be on throughout teach meeting. Having your screen off to the side, instead of straight ahead, could also help your concentration, particularly in group meetings, says Petriglien. It makes you feel like you’re in a next-door room, so you may be less bring.

1. What does Gianpiero Petriglien think of video calls?
A.They need more concentration.B.They go on more naturally.
C.They are more relaxing.D.They take longer time.
2. What makes people uncomfortable according to the 2014 study?
A.Facial expressions.B.Occasional silence.
C.Processing body languageD.Not receiving a timely reply
3. What does the underlined word “nerve-wracking” in Paragraph 4mean?
A.Causing excitement.B.Causing disappointment.
C.Making one feel nervous.D.Making one feel surprised.
4. What’s the text mainly about?
A.The convenience of video chats.B.Why video chats are so exhausting.
C.The development of mobile phones.D.What technological development brings
今日更新 | 0次组卷 | 1卷引用:山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题(B)
阅读理解-阅读单选(约250词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇介绍美国自然历史博物馆访问指南。

3 . American Museum of Natural History was made for explorers and adventurers — it was made for people like you, with a passion for science and a love for discovery. Here is the general information about it:

Open daily: 10:00 a. m. — 5:30 p. m.

Closed: Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.

Ticketing

All tickets must be reserved online in advance of your visit.

Pay-What-You-Wish Admission

Facial coverings are strongly recommended for all visitors ages 2 and up.

Please note that same-day reservations and certain time openings may be unavailable due to limited capacity.

Museum Members: Sign in to your profile before reserving tickets to access member pricing.

Address

200 Central Park West

New York, NY 10024-5102

Entrances and Exits

●Visitors can enter and exit at the accessible entrances on Rose Center for Earth and Space or Columbus Avenue at Gilder Center.

●For priority access, member s and their guests can use the member entrance at Central Park West and 79th Street.

●School groups arriving by subway can enter from the 81st Street B/C station.

Accessibility

The museum is committed to ensuring that its facilities, exhibitions, and services are accessible to all individuals, including those with disabilities. Caregivers accompanying visitors with disabilities receive free museum admission.

Ticketed Exhibitions

To buy admission tickets, select the number of tickets, plus a date and time of entry. You will have the option to add Ticketed Exhibitions during the checkout process.

All Ticketed Exhibitions are free for members.

1. What must you do if you want to visit the museum?
A.Sign in to your profile.B.Make advance payments.
C.Book tickets online beforehand.D.Wear self-protection equipment.
2. Which entrance is convenient for a school group arriving by subway?
A.Central Park West at 79th Street.B.The 81st Street B/C station.
C.Columbus Avenue at Gilder Center.D.Rose Center for Earth and Space.
3. What can we learn about the museum from the text?
A.No entry is for kids under age two.
B.Members have access to it on Christmas.
C.Caregivers of disabled visitors are admitted free.
D.Visitors have to include Ticketed Exhibitions in their visits.
今日更新 | 0次组卷 | 1卷引用:山东省烟台市2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文为记述文。文章主要讲述Kevin Pang和父亲合作教做中国菜的故事。

4 . The relationship between Jeffrey Pang and his son, Kevin Pang, was like hot-and-sour soup. It boiled over easily. The Pangs, who moved to the United States in 1988, wanted their son and daughter to know Chinese culture. As a video game-playing American teen, Kevin wasn’t interested.

But when Kevin became a food writer for the Chicago Tribune, he realized he had a valuable resource: his cook-laving dad. “My father and I shared, for the first time, a common interest. I would call to ask about recipes and cooking techniques. He would school me on the world of Chinese food,” Kevin writes in the introduction to the cookbook he has just published.

When it comes to cooking Chinese food, he points out that there is no one definition of Chinese food. “Chinese cooking is not hidebound. For example, consider baked pork chop rice, popularized in Hong Kong. It is a pork chop with egg-fried rice. And then you top it with this thick tomato sauce,” explains Kevin. “And then you top that with some cheese. It’s a very interesting combined dish that has some Western British influences, and it’s altogether very Chinese as well.”

By the time Kevin joined America’s Test Kitchen (ATK) staff in 2020 as its editorial director for digital content, his dad had become an Internet celebrity demonstrating the family’s recipes. Kevin recognized an opportunity not only to share his own family’s food stories but also to apply the ATK method of breaking down recipes into simple steps for the home cook.

“I think this cookbook can teach fathers and sons how to connect, how to find a common interest and improve their relationship, ” Kevin says. That feeling has found an enthusiastic fan base, generating nearly 3 million views, for their online cooking series “Hunger Pangs”, where viewers speak highly of their father-son bond as much as they do of their attractive dishes. Today the Pangs’ relationship is rarely sour or hot.

1. Why would Kevin phone his father after becoming a food writer?
A.To publish his Chinese cookbook.B.To inquire about hot-and-sour soup.
C.To seek permission for video games.D.To ask about cooking Chinese food.
2. What does the underlined word “hidebound” in paragraph 3 mean?
A.Inflexible.B.Inclusive.C.Unpleasant.D.Uncertain.
3. What can we infer about Kevin and his father from the passage?
A.Their relationship has improved.B.They run America’s. Test Kitchen.
C.They do dishes to attract followers.D.Their cookbook is about low-fat food.
4. What is the best title of the passage?
A.Cooking at home helps you cook well for less.B.Father and son jointly teach Chinese cooking.
C.Chinese culture is becoming popular in the us.D.Recipes and cooking techniques are really easy.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如果对浪费的食物进行堆肥,可以形成一个可持续的经济循环模式,并为解决其它废物问题铺平道路,解决环境问题,保护我们的地球。

5 . More than one-third of the world‘s food is wasted or thrown away, most of which ends up in landfills, producing very large amounts of planet-warming greenhouse gases. Now, many studies show that it is becoming harder to grow enough food to feed an increasing population due to climate change and soil degradation.

But one of the most promising and simplest solutions lies in the problem itself: this wasted food — if composted (制堆肥) —— could slow climate change and improve soil quality. Higher-quality soil also continues to absorb more carbon from the atmosphere, helping to improve plants and contributing further to fighting climate change. Returning one ton of organic matter to each hectare of soil would increase the production of cereal crops each year in Africa, Asia and South America by millions of tons.

While it is true that people can compost in their yards, community gardens, or even on their kitchen counters, larger-scale efforts, including infrastructure (基础设施) and incentives (激励) for consumers, would take it to the next level. Imagine if consumers could just leave unwanted food in a roadside bin for pickup, or drop it off at a local store, earning a few cents a bucket, just like what has been offered for recycling bottles or newspapers.

Moreover, in the case of composting, the payment incentive system would be great because the end-product of compost can be sold to farmers, making it an economically workable model, something that is often lacking in recycling, especially for certain materials, like many types of plastics.

Eventually, more widespread composting of food would pave the way for solutions to additional waste challenges, such as the disposal of packaging and clothing. This will have other positive effects as well; if more consumers compost, companies will be more inspired to make and use compostable packaging, clothing, and other products. While more compostable items are starting to emerge today, additional composting will further drive demand and innovation, and offer a game-changing solution for the planet.

1. What can be concluded from paragraph 1?
A.The great impact of climate change on food.
B.The burden of population growth on the planet.
C.The uneven distribution of food around the world.
D.The urgency of properly dealing with wasted food.
2. What can be learned about the approach to composting wasted food?
A.It is only workable on a small scale.
B.It would take a long term to have an effect.
C.It may raise people’s awareness of reducing food waste.
D.It requires comprehensive efforts to achieve a better effect.
3. What does the author think of the payment incentive system of composting food?
A.It is highly profitable.B.It is easy to carry out.
C.It is a sustainable economic cycle pattern.D.It is more effective than other recycling systems.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.How Wasted Food Could Be ReducedB.How Wasted Food Could Impact Humans
C.How Wasted Food Could Save the PlanetD.How Wasted Food Could Become a Business
今日更新 | 3次组卷 | 1卷引用:山东省青岛第二中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第二次月考英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 较易(0.85) |
名校
文章大意:本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Kindred Spirit大象保护区的志愿者招募信息。

6 . Expecting to travel abroad but lacking a loose budget? Interested in meaningful volunteering programs but worried about issues like your security or working conditions? Here comes a right place for you——Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary (保护区).

Highlights
●Volunteering with elephants and bringing them back into their natural habitat
●Making a difference in the conservation efforts to save elephants living under awful conditions
●Helping teach English to the communities and raising awareness about the captive (圈养的) elephant situation
●Wandering the forests and observe elephants’ natural behaviors in their home environment
Our Sanctuary

Our sanctuary has rescued 5 elephants from the tourism industry and we have now brought them home to live out their lives in the forest, in semi-wild conditions. We need volunteers to help us keep these elephants happy and healthy in their natural habitat. With volunteer support, we hope to return more elephants to the forest soon.

Your Tasks
●Performing research on the natural elephant behaviors and the surrounding forest
●Taking part in community projects such as teaching English at the school and to other locals
●Carrying out litter pick-ups with the kids to educate on waste management
Your Rough Schedule

Day 1: Pickup from Chiang Mai at 9 am. Travel through a national park and stunning mountain s until you arrive in our unique village. Meet your homestay family and the other volunteers, and immerse yourself in hill tribe culture.

Day 2: Wake up early to hike in the forest and find our elephants. Spend the morning recording and learning about these amazing animals and their natural behaviors. Return to the village in the late afternoon and take part in our community & camp & teaching projects.

Day 3: Another early start to hike to observe our elephants one last time. Return to Chiang Mai in the afternoon.

1. Which of the following is a feature of volunteer work at the sanctuary?
A.Looking after captive elephants with the locals.
B.Finding and Feeding elephants in natural forests.
C.Teaching people to conserve elephants’ natural habitat.
D.Helping rescue elephants living in the poor environment.
2. What should you do as a volunteer there?
A.Have the great ability to go hiking for days.
B.Participate in anti-poverty projects.
C.Undertake research into wild elephants independently.
D.Master local languages and know about tribe culture.
3. Where does this text most probably come from?
A.A travel journal.B.A holiday brochure.
C.A geographical essay.D.An educational website.
今日更新 | 3次组卷 | 1卷引用:山东省青岛第二中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第二次月考英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文为说明文,讲述全球首个无人驾驶载人航空器“亿航智能”获认证,城市空中交通有望由其领航。

7 . Imagine Hying over the city in an electric powered aircraft that has no pilot but can take you from point A to point B in minutes. Sounds like science fiction, right? Well, not anymore. China-based Ehang has become the world’s first company to receive official approval to fly passengers in its pilotless air taxis.

Ehang’s EH216-S air taxis are electric vertical (垂直的) takeoff and landing aircraft, also called eVToL for short. The air taris can carry up to wo passengers or about 270kg of goods. They can fly at speeds of up to 130kmb and distances of up to 28km. The air taris are controlled by a central command centre that monitor the light, routes and weather conditions.

Passengers can simply select their destination on a touchscreen inside the cabin and enjoy the ride without worrying about piloting the aircraft. The taxis do not require airports or runways. They can take off and land vertically from any flat surface.

The air taxis use electric power to reduce environmental harm caused by emissions. They can be fully charged in two hours and have bow nose levels. They also have backup batteries and emergency landing systems and parachutes in case anything goes wrong.

They could transform how we travel around big cities —imagine using them to avoid traffic jams, save time on the daily commute (通勤) to work or school, or get to places that are hard to reach by car or public transport. And beyond just moving people, the aircraft can be used for delivering goods, such as packages, medical supplies or food. During natural disasters such as bushfires or foods, air taxis could transport much-needed medical staff, equipment or medicines to the scene quickly and safely.

One big challenge will be gaining the trust of the public and convincing commuters they are safe while flying. To do this, Ehang will educate passengers about the benefits and risks of using its taxis while also addressing potential issues and concerns about noise levels, privacy and the environmental impact.

1. What do we know about EH216-S air taxis?
A.They don’t make any noise.B.They are environment-friendly.
C.They are controlled by eVTOL.D.They can carry 270kg of goods and two persons.
2. Which of the following places is most suitable for air taxis to take off?
A.A swimming pool.B.An empty street.
C.A crowded car park.D.A woody valley.
3. What’s paragraph 5 mainly about?
A.Where air taxis can work.B.When air taxis function well.
C.Why air taxis are needed.D.How air taxis can be used.
4. How will Ehang gain the trust of the public?
A.By providing a free tip for brave passengers.
B.By rewarding the most reliable passengers.
C.By explaining is taxis advantages and disadvantages.
D.By stressing the importance of environmental protection.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现,在长时间禁食期间,身体的多个器官会发生显著的系统性变化。

8 . A new study finds the body undergoes significant, systematic changes across multiple organs during prolonged periods of fasting, demonstrating evidence of health benefits beyond weight loss. It also shows any potential health-transforming changes appear to occur only after three days without food.

Over centuries, humans have developed the ability to survive without food for long. Fasting is practiced by people worldwide for different medical and cultural purposes. During fasting, the body changes its source and type of energy, switching from consumed calories to using its own fat stores. However, beyond this change in fuel sources, little is known about how the body responds to prolonged periods without food. Novel techniques allowing researchers to measure thousands of proteins (蛋白质) in our blood provide the opportunity to systematically study molecular(分子) adaptions to fasting in great detail.

Researchers followed 12 healthy volunteers participating in a seven-day water-only fast. The volunteers were monitored closely on a daily basis to record changes in the levels of around 3, 000 proteins in their blood before, during, and after the fast. By identifying which proteins are involved in the body’s response, the researchers could then predict potential health outcomes of prolonged fasting by analyzing information from numerous studies.

As expected, the researchers observed the body switching energy sources within the first three days of fasting. The volunteers lost an average of 5.7 kg of both fat mass and lean (瘦肉)mass. After three days of eating after fasting, the weight stayed off—the loss of lean was almost completely recovered, but the fat mass stayed off.

For the first time, the researchers observed the body undergoing distinct changes in protein levels after three days of fasting—indicating a whole-body response to complete calorie restriction. Overall, one in three of the proteins measured changed significantly during fasting across all major organs. These changes were consistent across the volunteers.

Head of the research Claudia Langenberg said, “Our results provide solid evidence for the health benefits of fasting beyond weight loss, but these were only visible after three days of total caloric restriction—later than we previously thought.”

1. What does the study focus on?
A.Health benefits of nutrient intake.B.Links between dieting and culture.
C.Maximum duration of human fasting.D.Effects of skipping food on health.
2. What enables researchers to identify multi-organ response to fasting on. a molecular level?
A.Enthusiastic participants.B.Emerging testing means.
C.Deep-rooted belief in fasting.D.Historical records of fasting.
3. What happens to the body after three food-free days?
A.Certain proteins are shifted.B.The weight remains unchanged.
C.Lean mass returned to normal.D.Fat mass substantially increases.
4. How may Claudia feel about their study outcomes?
A.Satisfied.B.Confused.C.Regretful.D.Embarrassed.
今日更新 | 1次组卷 | 1卷引用:山东省烟台市2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Mason Branstator挑战了残疾生活的意义,并重新定义了可能的界限,激励数百万人的励志故事。

9 . In January, 2021, the life of the 17-year-old high school student Mason Branstator took an unexpected turn. Skiing down a hill he had been on countless times, he hit a jump too fast. When waking up in the intensive care unit, he learned from the doctor he was left with a severely broken back, which would significantly impact his lower body functions.

Despite being told that he might never walk again, Mason’s unbending optimism and determination have fueled his extraordinary journey of recovery and self-discovery. Following his accident, Mason entered a health recovery center at Craig Hospital, Colorado. There he was surrounded by others on similar paths, which, coupled with his positive outlook, played a crucial role in his recovery. Mason’s journey was not just about regaining physical strength but also about overcoming mental barriers. Through willpower, he began to walk again, proving that the impossible could be made possible.

Mason’s newfound viewpoint on life led him to try activities that he once thought were beyond his reach. From surfing and rock climbing to competing in triathlons, he rediscovered parts of himself. He documented his adventures online, which ended up as a source of inspiration for millions worldwide.

“It all started with me just wanting to find more people like me I could connect with and talk through all the hard things I was going through,” said Mason. “And it turned into what inspired millions of people around the world, an incredible thing—I didn’t even intend for it to.”

Mason’s story strikes the heartstrings of people, not merely for the physical goals he has achieved but for the message of hope and determination he represents. He challenges what it means to live with a disability and redefines the boundaries of what is possible, inspiring millions to do the same. Alongside the communities he has built online, and the one he already has—his supportive family, he has no intention of slowing down.

1. What was the turning point in Mason’s life?
A.His sightseeing tour.B.His first attempt at skiing.
C.A sports-related accident.D.A chance encounter with a doctor.
2. What matters most for Mason’s recovery apart from his positive outlook?
A.The comfort from his family.B.The company of those like him.
C.Donations from kind-hearted people.D.Advanced medical instruments.
3. What was Mason’s initial intention of sharing his story online?
A.To appeal for more attention.B.To showcase his survival skills.
C.To motivate like-minded souls.D.To seek connection and understanding.
4. What can we learn from Mason’s story?
A.Practice makes perfect.B.Better late than never.
C.Action speaks louder than words.D.Where there’s a will, there is a way.
今日更新 | 0次组卷 | 1卷引用:山东省烟台市2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意::本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了Jumbo超市利用人工智能技术来打击商店盗窃行为的情况。

10 . Jumbo Supermarket is tackling shoplifting by laying hands on new technology: Artificial .Intelligence (AI). Smart cameras, equipped with software from French company Veesion, detect questionable behaviour and help report thieving from shops. With 100 million euros lost to shoplifters last year, Jumbo is starting a trial in its own shops this week.

The smart AI technology uses complicated software connected to the existing cameras and security network through the Internet, It then automatically monitors all the cameras at the same time for potential shopping activity. The technology is not faultless, but it significantly increases the chances of being caught. When a customer puts a product in his pocket or bag, the smart camera notices and reports it. This ensures that shoplifters can be caught in the act.

At Jumbo’s supermarket in Hengelo, Netherlands, 47 cameras have been fitted. AI is also being applied at other Jumbo locations. The cameras are strategically placed to identify questionable behaviour as effectively as possible. The system doesn’t actually label people as thieves; rather, it reminds the staff to check on those people as they might steal things. Sometimes the system raises an unjustified alarm. Nevertheless, it has proved a valuable tool for staff.

More than 110 supermarkets in the Netherlands have already used Veesion’s technology. According to the Personal Data Authority, supermarkets are allowed to use such technologies, provided they can properly justify why it is necessary.

The use of AI in stores is not just limited to stealing prevention. Globally, various AI. technologies are being used to improve the shopping experience and take full advantage of business processes. Also, shops use them for customized marketing. Michaels Stores, for example, a shop selling handmade goods, uses AI to tailor its advertising to each customer, which makes them feel more engaged and more likely to receive special offers that suit them. The company has created a system that helps create advertising copy and understand s which messages work best for different types of customers.

1. On getting an alarm from the system, what should shop staff do?
A.Arrest the suspect.B.Find out the truth.
C.Make an emergency call.D.Preserve photographic evidence.
2. On what condition is Veesion’s technology permitted in supermarkets?
A.They can prove it reasonable to use.B.They stop reporting thieving to the police.
C.They can indicate it isn’t meant for thieves.D.They’ve suffered massive shopping losses.
3. What does the underlined word “tailor” mean in paragraph 5?
A.Equalize.B.Promise.C.Personalize.D.Teach.
4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A.AI: End of StealingB.Benefits and Drawbacks of AI
C.Can AI Dominate Us?D.Jumbo Uses AI to Fight Shoplifting
今日更新 | 1次组卷 | 1卷引用:山东省烟台市2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题
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