Mr.Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned     1     farm，which looked almost abandoned.     2     (lucky)，he also had a cow which produced milk every day.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby     3     other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what     4     (leave)．The cow was their only means of support，in fact.One day，the cow was eating grass     5     it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away，she     6     (fall) over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living     7     the cow.In order to support his family，Mr.Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees     8     (sell) the wood.Thinking about his children's clothes，he started growing cotton too.When harvest came around，he was already selling herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market    9     people from the towns met regularly.Now it occurred to     10     that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

I'm not sure     1     is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at     2     top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the

    3    (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid     4    (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel    5    (challenge).

My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a     6    (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching     7     these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.

When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find     8    (they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal     9    (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me     10     (stay)and watch.

Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese     1    (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners     2     come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap     3     can be to eat out. I still remember     4     (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I     5    (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.

While regularly eating out seems to     6    (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be     7    (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even     8     (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in     9    (weigh) problems.

If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home     10     dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years     1    (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long    2    (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of     3     (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it     4     (be) more effective at lengthening life    5     walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014    6    showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all     7    (cause).

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise…   it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to    8    (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always    9    (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give    10    a try.

Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country     1    （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over     2     past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

A taste for meat is     3     (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice     4     (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water     5     rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased     6     (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total     7     (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government     8     (start) a soil-testing program     9     gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while     10     (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.

6 . Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary

It's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it's     1    ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there's enough room for improvement,     2    means you'll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn't think that a few     3    (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough     4     the rest of your life, and that's also true for building your vocabulary--you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible     1     (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and     2     work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road,    3     (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over    4     top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines     5     (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been    6     (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using     7    every day.

Later, engineers     8     (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the     9     (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most     10     (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)     1     a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side     2    (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required     3    (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt     4    (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As     5     result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even     6    (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food     7    (be) full of fat and salt; by     8    (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be     9    (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,     10     is not good for the health.

Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small     1    (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a     2    (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.

Pahlsson screamed     3     loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt     4    (I),” says Pahlsson.

Sixteen years     5    (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring     6     (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six — had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband     7    (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again,” she says. She never replaced it.

Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got     8    (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden,     9     it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was     10     wonder.

In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea,     1     Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might     2     (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal     3     (create) special designs.

The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots,     4     (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time,     5     the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.

Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which     6    (gradual) turned into chopsticks.

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,     7     lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the     8     (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and     9     (be) too violent for use at the table.

Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat     10     their hands.