A city’s name can often indicate its status in a nation’s history. Nanjing, meaning “southern capital city” literally in Chinese, could claim such an influential     1     (identify) in history.

The city, now capital of East China’s Jiangsu Province, was once     2     (global) considered to have     3     urban history of 2,500 years, a new archaeological research rewrites that. It was founded more than 3,100 years ago when an ancient city named Changgan was recently excavated (发掘).

“    4     (date) from the Shang and Zhou dynasties, archaeologists found that the city’s walls were protected by trenches,     5    is a universally acknowledged indicator of a defensive system     6     (adopt) by ancient cities,” says Chen Dahai, head of the archaeological excavation team. “In the history of the ancient system, trenches     7     (appear) before the walls were constructed. They were built around the living area     8     (prevent) floods and defend against enemies,” he added.

The latest archaeological findings may reshape the city’s history, with     9     (it) appearance tracing back to more than 3,100 years ago. Wang Wei, director of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences’ Archaeology Department, recognizes the discovery     10     a remarkable archaeological finding in tracing the Nanjing’s origins.

A team of     1     (expert) at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel, working with a colleague from the National University of Mongolia, conducted a study of the 405-km wall in eastern Mongolia. They used     2     variety of ways in order to learn more about     3     (it) history and purpose. In their published paper, the group     4     (describe) the techniques and technology they used to study the wall.

They mapped the wall,     5     stretches (延伸) from the Dornod Province to the Sukhbaatar Province, roughly along the border (国界) between Mongolia and China. They found that it was unclear when the wall was built, estimated to be between the 11th and 13th centuries. The team referred     6     weather records to learn more about what the wall had experienced over the years and satellite imagery to learn more about connections between wall locations and terrain (地形).

The research team found some surprises. The     7     (big) of all surprises was that the wall had large gaps that suggested it was not made to keep out all invaders (侵略者)—it appeared that it was built     8     (quick) to deal with certain invaders. There was also evidence that suggested the wall was built as a means of     9     (control) the movement of people or animals. Though there were many discoveries, the researchers intended     10     (continue) their work, hoping to learn more.

Whenever you have to write a paper, a letter, or any other document for work or school, you probably head toward the computer. Now, most people reach for     1     (keyboard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scottish primary school, however, Mr. Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. He feels that neat handwriting     2     (be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also     3     old fashioned fountain pens.

Fountain pens     4     (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. Today, a writer     5     (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets     6     new one.

So far, Mr. Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment. He reports that his students are taking more care with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the     7     (improve) he sees in his students’ writing     8     in his own writing. He knows that computers are here     9     (stay) and that they will not disappear. However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of     10     (they).

Juliana Hoogland is a blind basketball player at Zeeland Public Schools. And she has joined one of the school’s     1     (program) for the Special Olympics Unified Sports.

Last week as Juliana prepared to take a free throw, over 2,000 students were     2     (complete) silent. The silence was to help her hear where the net (球网) was. At the last moment, Juliana hit that shot (投篮),     3     made the other people go wild; their cheers were loud. “It was so moving to see her hit that shot in front of so many students,” said Juliana’s mom, who thanked the students for their support. She was proud of her daughter     4     making the shot.

Juliana was also excited. “I hardly     5     (expect) I would make it at first,” she said. “I can tell people that I can also be     6     (success).” Juliana wants to change     7    common view that blind children can’t do what sighted (看得见) people do. She hopes she can encourage them to keep    8     (try) whatever their difficulties are. Her mother said Juliana practiced for a long time     9     (have) a feel for the shot. It was a memorable day for those who saw a blind girl’s efforts and the schoolmates’     10     (kind).

Sam is a student in a junior high school. He enjoys     1     (go) to school. He always goes to school on foot     2     his school is close to his home. His classes start at 8 a.m., and he is never late. His favourite subject     3     (be) Geography. He likes learning about     4     (difference)places in the world. In the morning. Sam and his classmates     5     (usual) study Chinese, Maths and English. At 9:50 a.m. they have     6     (they) morning break.

When the bell rings, Sam runs to     7     playground with his best friends Tom and Jack. They often play games there. Break     8     (end) at 10:10 a.m. It is very short for them. Lunch is from 11:50 a.m. to 12:30 p. m. Afternoon     9     (class) end at 3:30 p.m. Then Sam takes part     10     the school band practice with Jack and Tom. They make great music together. Sam always has a good time at school.

Love for a dog. Easy, right? It wasn’t in the case of Wilson.

When we first had Wilson, he hardly wagged     1     (he) tail. He made very little eye contact and didn’t like to be petted. In addition, Wilson would be in the other room instead of     2     (be) in the same room with us.

Wilson turned our nature loving backyard into     3     hunting ground. We once enjoyed sitting outside watching the rabbits jump around. Instead, we watched in horror as Wilson    4     (go) into hunting mode. Three rabbits were    5     (quick) killed. This was the third time that he     6     (do) such a thing.

It could have been very easy to ignore him, or worse, give him away again. But we didn’t do either. We chose     7     (love) him.

I showered him with non-stop attention. We went for walks and played catch. Every night I petted him and scratched his ears,     8     made him very comfortable. It took over a month of this intense attention. Eventually, He no longer went into another room by himself. He would usually be by me or Robert,     9     (rest) his head or some part of his body on our foot. We all need love and attention.

    10     Wilson’s poor behavior, we loved him anyway. Wilson has taught me what love really means.

The term “Special Forces-style Tourism”     1     (gain) popularity on China’s social media platforms lately. It refers to the recent trend among young people who want to visit as many scenic     2     (spot) as possible while spending the least time and money.

When it comes to     3     major expense of travel, namely accommodation, Chinese “special forces” have their own solutions. Some young travelers choose to stay overnight in private rooms at 24-hour chain restaurants     4     Haidilao hot pot. Others prefer to spend the night on forms of transportation, such as     5     (take) sleeper trains.

According to a travel report     6     (release) by Tongcheng Travel, during this year’s Labor Day holiday, the domestic consumption in tourism market experienced a boom. Peak daily orders for hotels, attractions, and transportation outweighed those of the peak day during this year’s Spring Festival.

Opinions on this new hit     7     (divide). Some young people are keen to practice this high- intensity travel style with their good physical fitness. While some criticize that it is     8     (meaning), stating that one could spend two or three days just exploring the Forbidden City and they do not understand     9     students can thoroughly visit ten attractions in just 48 hours. Meanwhile, some believe this kind of traveling is     10     (simple) an expression of youthful impulse.

Born in Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu Province, the 28-year-old Fang Rui works as a     1     (design) in the city after studying overseas.

In May, Fang     2     (organize) a free city walk for around 50 people     3     came from all over the country to experience a deeper connection with Nanjing. The city-walk is now attracting a growing number of     4    (follower) in China, with many young people     5     (take) part.

For tourists as well as locals not     6     (full) familiar with a city’s history and culture, the organized walks are an amazing experience. Walk organizers provide the information and care     7     a city’s cultural heritage (遗产). They also have a better and     8     (deep) understanding of their city. City walks allow people     9    (enjoy) the surroundings.

Fang’s organized walk in May renewed her connection with the city and helped the tour participants better understand its cultural heritage in     10     interesting way.

Delicate, bright, and soft to the touch, the silk has passed the way throughout China’s history. No one can be     1     (exact) certain of its origin. But the humble ancient Chinese people credited their own wisdom to Leizu, wife of the Yellow Emperor (the legendary ancestor of Chinese people), as     2     inventor of sericulture (养蚕).

Like all kinds of art on the vast land of China, the style and texture (质地) of silk are also various. Hangluo from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, is known     3     its airy and thin texture, while Yunjin from Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, an expensive cloth,     4     (represent) China’s silk technique at its peak.

Yunjin is best made by hand on large machines, in a complex procedure     5     contains more than a hundred steps. Even the most     6     (experience) workers can only make a few centimeters a day. Time, patience and skill all play an important role in its beauty.

In the Western Han Dynasty, with Zhang Qian     7     (open) up the routes to the western regions, silk was highly praised in countries of Central Asia, later extending     8     (it) reach to other parts.

In the hands of Chinese artists, the thinnest string can make pictures of great possibilities and the     9     (soft) material can pass through thousands of years. As one of the many     10     (wonder) of ancient China, silk is not only a type of cloth, but also a cultural symbol and a representation of elegance and grace.

Henan Opera, known as Yuju Opera, is a traditional Chinese opera form that originated     1    Henan Province. With its rich history, unique musical style, and attractive performances, Henan Opera     2     (hold) a special place in Chinese cultural heritage.

Henan Opera evolved from local folk art forms, integrating     3     (element) of storytelling, singing and dancing. It gained popularity during the Qing Dynasty and became an important regional opera style in Henan. Today, it     4     (recognize) as one of the national intangible cultural heritage treasures of China.

Henan Opera is characterized by its pleasant vocal style    5    distinctive musical accompaniment. The performances contain various instruments like drums, flutes, and stringed (有弦的) instruments, creating a harmonious ensemble (乐团). The     6     (careful) prepared costumes and bright makeup improve the visual appeal, and the skilled performers’ gestures and movements convey emotions and narratives, captivating audiences.

Henan Opera,     7     often explores loyalty, love, justice, and family values, draws from historical events, folk tales, legends, and literary classics,     8     (show) a diverse range of themes. The stories are presented through poetic dialogues, intricate choreography(编舞), and symbolic gestures, engaging the audience with     9     (they) profound messages.

Efforts are being made     10     (preserve) and promote Henan Opera as part of Chinese cultural heritage. Modern adaptations and innovations help attract younger audiences while preserving its traditional essence.