Chinese archaeologists recently released the findings of a series of new excavations     1     (relate) to the Hongshan Culture, a new stone culture renowned for its jade carvings, raising the number of Hongshan Culture sites from a little over 90 to more than 500.

Active 6,500 to 5,000 years ago, the Hongshan Culture extended throughout a 200,000-square-kilometer area of     2     is today the West Liaohe River Basin. The excavations in 2022     3     (unearth) remains of grains, sacrificial buildings and a large settlement, revealing an agricultural society that ate grains. The discovery demonstrates the Hongshan people made sacrifices to wish for     4     better harvest.

Before the new discovery, the fishing and hunting     5     (know) to be main activities in Hongshan ancestors’ life.     6     these findings were valuable, there was little     7     (evident) that gave archeologists an idea of what people’s daily life was like back then. This has changed, however,     8     the discovery of a large settlement site in the Niuheliang region     9     (contain) 27 homes. Present research shows that the Hongshan people’s houses were semi-underground and made use of long entryways.

“The Hongshan Culture     10     (original) began about 5,000 to 8,000 years ago, and promoted the development of Chinese civilization,” noted Sun Yonggang, a history researcher at Chifeng University.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In recent years, Chinese consumers’ sense of identification and     1     (proud) with traditional culture has been growing, leading them to prefer products with cultural heritage and significance. Mamianqun, traditionally     2     (wear) by the Han people, is one of the main representative styles of Hanfu.

During the just-ended Spring Festival holidays, Chinese people wearing traditional clothing can almost     3     (see) everywhere, reflecting the revival of China’s rich culture and serving as a strong new driver for retail spending.     4    , few people know that the     5     (large) Hanfu production base in China is Caoxian County.

Caoxian started to produce Hanfu in 2018 and benefited a lot from the growth of e-commerce. Today, Caoxian accounts     6     40 percent of Hanfu sales nationwide. In 2023, sales of Hanfu in the county     7     (reach) 7 billion yuan.

Caoxian is     8     (current) home to 2,282 companies related to the Hanfu business and 13,989 online Hanfu stores. Meanwhile, close to 100,000 people are involved in the Hanfu industry. It has developed     9     complete Hanfu industrial chain including original research and development, design, production, copyright protection, and other     10     (aspect).

The Qingming Festival by the Riverside, which     1     (measure) 24.8 by 528 cm, is now in the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing. It portrays street scenes of Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty (960—1127). The work was created by Zhang Zeduan, a native of Shandong Province,     2     studied painting in his early years. Later, Zhang became a painter for the Imperial Painting Academy of the Northern Song Dynasty.     3     the fact that there aren’t many historical records about Zhang, his name is remembered     4     (simple) due to this masterpiece.

The painting features magnificent and complex scenes with a rigorous structure, which can     5     (divide) into three parts: scenes of the suburbs, Bian River and city streets. Some interesting scenes are presented     6     great detail. In the suburban scene, farmers are working in the fields and     7     (wealth) people are returning home. The street is crowded with people on horseback, wheel carts and sedan chairs. The scene of the Bian River is the most magnificent: The arched bridge stands like a rainbow over the river with streams of people     8     (move) about. Under the bridge are many boats competing for the right of way. All such elements reveal the     9     (painter) supreme painting skills and his careful     10     (observe) of life.

Qinqiang opera is widely considered to be the forefather of all styles of Chinese opera. The name “Qin”     1     (original) comes from the fact that Qinqiang opera dates all the way back to the Qin Dynasty and its heritage stretches back over 2,500 years,     2     (make) it one of the oldest forms of opera in China.

Supposedly Qinqiang opera     3     (start) in the fields and farms of the northwestern provinces, when locals would shout to one another from across the fields. Eventually these locals developed a system of     4     (shout) songs to communicate with one another and this is where Qinqiang gets     5     (it) distinctive “shouted out” style of singing. Thanks to this unusual singing style, Qinqiang opera is considered one of the “ten strange wonders of Shaanxi province”.

Qinqiang was also one of the earliest forms of opera     6     (focus) on the expression of human emotion. Most Qinqiang operas describe stories of ancient wars of resistance     7    foreign invaders (入侵者), battles between good and evil. They were designed to reflect the honesty,     8     (brave) and diligence of the common people of Northwest China.

Qinqiang is not just about the singing; it is     9     complete performance art and includes dancing, acrobatics (杂技) and martial arts into every performance. Furthermore, it boasts such unique performing skills as spitting fire     10     hat dances by the performers.

In 2006, it was listed as a National Intangible Culture Heritage by the Chinese government.

A slow train in Southwest China having     1     own study room has attracted much attention from netizens. Train No.5609/5610, which runs between Chongqing and Xiushan county,     2     (be) a public welfare “slow train”.

In some carriages, some     3     (seat) have been replaced with desks and chairs next to the windows to transform them into “study carriages” for passengers in need.

Students from nearby schools     4     (frequent) take the train between school and home. The trains are their “school buses”,     5     many passengers can complete their homework.

On train No.Z150, which runs between Guiyang and Beijing, a     6     (transform) “book bar” carriage has been welcomed by college students. There are nearly 400 universities and colleges in the cities along the line,     7     (make) train No.Z150 the first choice for most students on those campuses.

    8     2015, the train’s dining car has been open for free at night to provide returning students     9     a lending library, free tea and other services. These     10     (thought) measures by the railway department are a welcome comfort for passengers needing a relaxing place to continue their studies.

The global pandemic (流行病) has prevented many people enjoying life outdoors,     1     it has not weakened their passion for creativity or experiencing fresh stories through online literature.

According to a report, both reading and writing web novels have become important means of     2     (entertain) for many people both in China and abroad. Besides, many works by overseas authors have been influenced by     3     (translate) Chinese online literature as some Chinese elements such as pandas and high-speed trains can     4     (see) in the works.

Statistics show that the international reading platform Webnovel had 2,100 translations of Chinese web novels, more than 200,000 overseas writers and nearly 370,000     5     (origin) overseas works.

Qu Chang, a skillful translator     6     once translated the hit book series A Song of Ice and Fire into Chinese, said that the development of Chinese online literature     7     (lead) the world as China now has a mature mechanism for publishing online literature. He said, “ After years of trials, China’s online literature industry has been     8     (full) tested by the market. I believe     9     number of users will continue increasing in the future and influence more overseas readers and creators.”

Qu explained that China has a large number of readers and users on these online reading platforms, which encourages creators     10     (write) high-quality, popular literature works. These large numbers also contribute to creating healthy competition.

Figure skating     1     (come) a long way since its beginning. Back in the 18^th century in the UK, the sport was popular among the people in the highest social class.     2     (gradual), more skating enthusiasts from Germany, the United States and Canada     3     (follow) suit. In the 1860s, Jackson Haines,     4     US ballet dancer and skater, used more artistic moves to make the sport less formal, earning him the title of “the father of modern figure skating”.

Skaters wearing eye-catching trousers, tights or skirts perform     5     (vary) movements. Skaters can compete     6     individuals, pairs or groups. Skaters need to complete two components; short program and free skate.

Figure skating requires the athletes to focus on both technical and performance     7     (aspect) of skating. “A really good skater needs to be able to look effortless when they perform their elements. Without     8     (strong), courage and years of practice, it’s really hard     9     (achieve) that goal and make an emotional connection with audience.” Olympic gold medalist and US retired skater Scott Hamilton told CNN. “And that’s     10     I liked about it.”

These days, doctors are using a new approach to healing, which is called tapping. This approach combines     1     (wise) from Chinese medicine with talk therapy (治疗).

By simply tapping points along the body while     2     (confirm) your emotional state, you can release cellular energy. By feeling those emotions, you process and clear them through     3     power of love and forgiveness. Tapping provides a healthy way to process difficult emotions, even from experiences that     4     (happen) in the distant past. The practice draws from acupuncture (针灸), a healing method from     5     (tradition) Chinese medicine that dates from thousands of years ago.

Acupuncture opens energy highways in the body by sticking thin needles into the skin. Tapping takes a similar approach, but uses touch instead of needles     6     (promote) the flow of energy throughout the body. It may sound strange or impossible     7     first glance. But scientists believe that the method works because it excites the central nervous system,     8     causes the body to release helpful chemicals.

Everyone may have experienced some sorts of emotional discomfort in their lives. Although painful, it’s important to develop healthy ways to process their     9     (experience). Healing practices like tapping help release these emotions,     10     (active), so you can process and heal from difficult emotions.

Recently, the box office darling in China, titled A Little Red Flower,     1     (become) a hit.It is a love story about a young couple     2     (suffer) from cancer and the stress it puts on their families. The movie star Jackson Yee,     3     performance in Better Days(2019) was thought highly of, has impressed countless viewers.

Han Yan, the director and scriptwriter of A Little Red Flower, says that his new film is intended     4     the audience who need a spiritual guide or support,

“I don't want to     5     (simple) show how much pain people are in after they fall ill or how they toss and turn in bed, unable to fall asleep. Movies, indeed all works of art, should be able to give viewers psychological consolation(安慰)，”he says.

By showing the steely     6     (determine) of cancer patients and their families in facing one of life's biggest     7     (challenge), Han hopes viewers who comparatively have little     8     (worry) about can realize that they should stop complaining and be grateful for being alive.

“I have watched many movies about the pursuit of dreams, but as I get older I feel the     9     (difficult) thing in the world is to stay alive," he says "Every day, I see people exhausting all means just to stay alive .Battling severe illnesses is just     10     extreme version of staying alive. ”

Awakening of Insects, which     1    (signal) a rise in temperature and increased rainfall, falls on March 5 and ends on March 19 this year.

Awakening of Insects refers to the fact     2     animals sleeping in winter     3    (awaken) by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life. It is an     4    (extreme) important time for farmers and is widely seen as the beginning of     5    busiest time for agricultural work. During this period, most parts of China experience the quickest rise in temperatures, with the average level reaching above 10 degrees Celsius,     6     there is a marked increase in sunshine, which provides good natural     7    (condition) for farming.

Hibernating animals wake up, and so do fish. They swim from deep water to shallow water     8    search of food, mating and bearing young. It is a good time for fishing. Fishing can provide mental and physical     9    (relax), especially for people living in the city. Driving to the suburbs, bathing in the sunlight, enjoying the singing birds, fragrant flowers and     10    (wave) willows make for a perfect weekend in spring.