1 . 请在以下对话中提取相关信息，参考已给的例子将其整理好一篇小短文，内容包括大学录取方式、大学和专业的选择。
Liu Ming: Hi,Susan! Hi, Olivia! I have been thinking a lot recently about university. Have you guys made any plans yet?
Susan: Hi, Liu Ming! I guess I’ve thought about it, but I haven’t made any firm plans yet. How about you, Olivia?
Olivia: The same. My parents said that my future career might depend on what university I end up getting into.
Liu Ming: If I had a chance, I’d love to go to a top Chinese university. But it’s so hard. I need a really high score to pass the National College Entrance Exam.
Susan: Oh, in the UK, we don’t have a university entrance exam. We take a separate exam for each subject that we study. Then we use our grades to apply to a university. We also have to give a long essay to the university saying why we want to study our chosen subject.
Olivia: Well, in the US, we need to get really high grades and we need to take a college entrance exam. Plus we have to write an admission essay.
Liu Ming: So, we must all study extra hard, then. I really want to major in computer game design. I'd like to design fun games for children to learn with.
Susan: That’s a great idea! I’d like to study international business. According to the school’s careers advisor, it could help me find work overseas. It would be great to see more of the world!
Olivia: Hmm ... I’m not sure what I want to study as my major yet. But right now I’m thinking about robotics. I’m really interested in futuristic things.
Liu Ming: How about cybersecurity or data science? I read that they’re really fascinating subjects you’re good at computer programming. But I’m hopeless at programming!
Susan: That’s a good point. I was told that there’s no point choosing a subject that you like you’re not very good at.
Olivia: Yes, and don’t forget that where you study is also important, too. I’m planning on taking few campus tours to see what the atmosphere and facilities are like.
Liu Ming: Good idea! I really hope that we can all find good universities.
Susan: Me, too. I hope we are all lucky and find great universities.
Olivia: Luck? Ha-ha! I think we all need to start studying even harder, too!
短文样例：
Liu Ming has been thinking a lot recently about university, which Liu considers to be a top Chinese university. It’s so hard to be admitted to a top university with a high score to pass the National College Entrance Exam. For success, Liu has to study extra hard, hoping to major in computer game design out of love for fun game design for children to learn with.
Susan
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Olivia
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2 . 根据Unit 2 Reading部分课文，写一篇60词左右的概要
Effective communication
If you heard someone shout “Hey you!” from across the room, how would you react? Just these two words can carry a lot of information. They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if accompanied by a gentle smile. When spoken by a stranger, they can function as a means of attracting your attention. Much of what we communicate is dependent not only on the words we use, but also on how we use them. So, let’s look a little deeper into the topic of communication.
Communication is the process of exchanging information between a sender and a receiver. The sender encodes a message and sends it face to face, or through video, telephone, mail or social media. This message is then received and decoded by the receiver. In response, the receiver sends an encoded message back, which is referred to as feedback. This feedback is decoded by the original sender and the entire cycle repeats itself until they have finished communicating.
This communication process can be challenging but, with practice and patience, you can become a highly competent communicator. To accomplish this, you need to know with whom you are communicating. What is their age or position? What is their relationship with you? What expectations and cultural backgrounds do they have? Once you have obtained this information, you can use it to determine how best to communicate with them. Depending on whether you are communicating with a stranger, friend, family member or co-worker, you will need to decide which communication channel best suits the situation. Furthermore, you will need to determine the appropriate style to use and how complex your choice of words should be. For example, if you are a business person negotiating with a large enterprise about a deal, you should do it face to face, using formal language in a straightforward manner.
Your body language is equally important, since it reveals a lot about your thoughts and attitudes. Make sure it clearly supports the message you want to deliver. A smile shows you are attentive to the issues being discussed, while looking away with your arms folded can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction. Additionally, you should not ignore the other person’s body language, which will give you clues as to whether the conversation is going well or not. When you notice a change in the other person’s body language, you should adjust how you are communicating accordingly. If someone looks at you with a confused expression, this could indicate that they have not completely understood your point. Then you will need to clarify your message before moving on.
While being knowledgeable about body language is vital, the value of empathy should not be understated. Seek to understand the other person’s emotions, by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective. Suppose you are discussing a project with your partner, who has just lost an important basketball game and is inactive. To engage him or her in the discussion and make your communication more effective, you may express your sympathy by, for instance, saying, “I understand how you feel ...” However, some issues may be complicated and you may be confused about why others feel the way they do. Only when you give serious consideration to their points of view will you be able to see what accounts for their emotions and empathize with them. You may not approve of their ideas but at least you will see where they are coming from, which means you can make adjustments to your own tone and choice of words accordingly.
Effective communication will enable you to settle differences and disagreements appropriately and improve your interactions with others. Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain respect, allowing relationships to become more positive and productive. So, get practising and good luck!
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Wildlife conservation is the practice of protecting plant and animal species and their habitats. As part of the world’s ecosystems, wildlife provides balance and stability to nature’s processes. The goal of wildlife conservation is to ensure the survival of these species, and to educate people on living sustainably(可持续地) with other species.
The human population has grown significantly over the past 200 years, to more than seven billion people today, and it continues to rapidly grow. This means natural resources are being consumed faster than ever by the billions of people on the planet. This growth endangers the habitats and existence of various types of wildlife around the world, particularly animals and plants that may be displaced for land development, or used for food or other human purposes. Other threats to wildlife include the introduction of invasive(侵入的) species from other parts of the world, climate change, pollution, hunting and fishing.
National and international organizations like the World Wildlife Fund, Conservation International, the Wildlife Conservation Society, and the United Nations work to support global animal and habitat conservation efforts on many different fronts. They work with the government to establish and protect public lands, like national parks and wildlife reserves. They help make laws, such as the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973 in the United States, to protect various species. They work with law enforcement to prosecute(起诉) wildlife crimes, like illegal wildlife trade and hunting. They also promote biodiversity to support the growing human population while preserving existing species and habitats.
National Geographic Explorers, like conservation biologists Camille Coudrat and Titus Adhola are working to slow the extinction of global species and to protect global biodiversity and habitats. Environmental filmmakers and photographers, like Thomas P. Peschak, are essential to conservation efforts as well, documenting and bringing attention to endangered wildlife all over the world.
注意：请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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Babe Didrikson Zaharias was one of the most extraordinary athletes of all time. She achieved particular success in basketball, track and field, and golf. She also competed in baseball, boxing, diving and many other sports. In 1950, the Associated Press declared Babe Zaharias to be the “Woman Athlete of the Half-Century”.
From a young age, her goal was to be “the greatest athlete to ever live”. As a teenager, she acquired the nickname “Babe” in reference to Babe Ruth, a professional baseball player. She never passed up a chance to play ball. One day, when she was a little girl, her mother sent her to the grocery store to buy some beef for dinner. On the way home, Babe spotted some boys playing baseball. She dropped her purchases and joined the game. An hour later, her angry mother showed up, looking for the groceries. Babe pointed to where she’d left it. A dog was happily enjoying the last piece.
Zaharias gained fame at the 1932 Olympic Games. She won gold medals in the javelin (标枪) throw and the 80-metre hurdles (跨栏), but she was deprived of a third gold medal in the high jump because she had used the unorthodox (不正规的) Western roll to achieve the highest jump. Her Olympic success brought her national attention.
In 1932, Zaharias began playing golf and was soon winning important championships in the sport. In 1950, Zaharias helped found the Ladies Professional Golf Association, and she became the LPGA’s star competitor. Not only did she attract interest in the women’s game, she revolutionized the sport and was known for her powerful drives.
Zaharias died of cancer in 1956, at the age of 45.
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On Sunday, the second day of Spring Festival, a man was killed after he fell into the tiger enclosure while trying to get into the zoo in Ningbo, East China’s Zhejiang Province, without paying for a ticket.
The tragedy cost two lives, as the tiger was shot dead when zoo employees tried to rescue the man.
As news of the incident spread, the majority of voices online blamed the dead man for the animal’s death. Some said this was a sign that people are becoming more cold hearted. But they are wrong. People have been displaying increasingly more enthusiasm for helping those in need and participating in charity work. In 2016, the China Charity Federation received donations of 18.8 billion yuan ($2.7 billion) in total, 46 percent more than the donations received in 2015, and they sent helping hands to one tragedy after another.
People are just tired of forgiving those in the wrong. While sympathy is right, it has been abused too much. When somebody commits a crime, no matter how cruel the crime is, media outlets explain the criminal’s miserable childhood and there are calls for forgiveness. When someone smokes in public, there are always people calling for tolerance.
People are fed up and angry with lawbreakers escaping their due punishments in the name of forgiveness and tolerance.
But going back to the tragedy at the wildlife park in Ningbo, the tiger’s death shows the park was not well prepared for such emergencies. They did not have any tranquilizer guns that could sedate the tiger immediately and save the lives of both the man and the endangered animal.
In the meantime, it is necessary to raise people’s awareness that the animals in zoos and wildlife parks are not domesticated pets, and of the need for visitors to observe rules for their own safety.
The man in the Ningbo incident paid for his fault with his life, but the tiger was killed for his fault, too. We sincerely hope no more tigers or humans will pay for such fault.
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There are a few tips that can make road cycling fun and safe for people of all experience levels. In the United States, riders should usually ride on the right hand side of the road, while they may ride on the left side of the road in other countries. Besides, if the traffic is heavy, cyclists may be required to let other cars pass first in some areas. If bikeways are available (可用的), use the bikeways and know how to do safely. Generally，all road cyelists are required to follow all traffic signs and rules, even if other cars are not present.
Before your cycling, make sure the bike helmet (头盔) fits according to the instructions. If the helmet is too large or too small, it can’t protect the cyclist’s head well. Protective eyewear (护目镜)is also a good idea and must fit so it doesn’t fall off while speeding downhill or cycling uphill. If there are windy conditions, protective eyewear can help prevent dirt (灰尘) from causing the discomfort of eyes which can be a danger to a rider.
In fact, it is also important for riders to learn how to brake (刹车). This is usually done by quickly shaking the front brake. A good tip is to practice using the front brake before heading out on the road. Besides, it is important to learn how to ride in a bike group. It is often taught in a professional training team.Finally, do not forget to plan and prepare for the bike route. For example, consider if road repairing is present on a given route. Besides，it may be more enjoyable to ride during times and on roads that do not have a heavy traffic. Meanwhile, consider whether a dog may be present；an angry dog may try to knock a cyclist over, and it may be best to find another route.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________It is from your parents that you first learn language. This learning involves much more time than mere accent (重音) and vocabulary. You are taught that often you must concern yourself with other people’s feelings and needs instead of your own. You learn to say “I’m sorry” even in a situation when you clearly are not wrong, or to say, “That was a delicious lunch” when you thought it was just the opposite. You learn that different clothing and behaviour are appropriate at the public swimming pool, at the family dinner table, and at other places.
Parents also teach their children social skills. In learning to get along with other people, for example, you are taught when to say “Please” and “Thank you”. Some children are taught that language can be a pleasure itself, in the form of jokes, poems, and stories. Some children are taught that in our society it usually is more acceptable to use verbal rather than physical means to get what one wants. For example, most people say “Excuse me” instead of simply pushing through a crowd.
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Visitors to the UK, even from other English-speaking countries, often find it surprising (or funny) how many different ways Britons have invented to say “Thank you”. Here are some of the most common words and phrases you’ll hear people use.
You’re likely to hear the shortened version “Thanks” more than you hear people say “Thank you”. It’s often combined with something else, like “Many thanks” or “Thanks so much”. Also, people tend to add a friendly term for the person they are talking to on the end, like “mate”. For example, “Thanks, Mate!”
In other parts of the English-speaking world, “cheers” is what you say when you clink glasses of alcohol drink together, but it’s also one of the most popular colloquial ways of saying “Thank you” in England. Again, you’ re likely to hear people say “Cheers, Mate!”
“Nice one” is something people often say if someone does them a favour, finds something for them or gives them an unexpected gift. Usually it’s followed by another way of saying “Thank you”. For example, “Nice one, thanks!” or “Nice one! Cheers, Mate.”
In casual speech, people often add “I appreciate it” onto a “Thank you”, for example, “Cheers for helping me move that piano. I really appreciate it”. You also see “appreciated” used in formal speech or writing as a way of expressing thanks. For example, “Your donations to the fundraiser were much appreciated.”
People often say “You shouldn’t have!” when someone has bought them a present or done something nice for them as a surprise. It doesn’t mean you really think the other person shouldn’t have bought you the present. What it really means is “This is so generous. I wasn’t expecting such a nice present.” or even “I’m not sure I deserve it.” For example, “What a beautiful necklace! You shouldn’t have!”
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Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的)view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.
Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.
Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.
Another 15 minutes passed. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.
This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who ”ruined" it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom.
Perhaps we all live in each other’s spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.
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Helping your teens adjust to their new high school
Switching peer groups, adjusting to a new academic schedule, and leaving behind old friends can be very hard for adolescents. Use these strategies to help your teen adjust to a new school.
Keep a positive attitude
The adjustment period begins before your teen ever steps foot into the new school. Offer a balanced outlook by acknowledging the challenges of moving, but also recognizing that a new school may offer exciting new opportunities. Point out the new opportunities that’ll be available.
Avoid saying things like, “Oh, you’ll make new friends right away, so don’t worry about it,” or “It’s not a big deal. I used to change schools all the time.” Instead, say things like, “I understand you’re worried about how to stay in touch with your old friends.”
Listen to your teen’s concerns
Acknowledge that change can be hard. Comfort your teen by saying you know it will be hard for him/her to leave his/her school and friends.
Your teen might not express their feelings with words but you might see some changes in their behaviour that indicate they are stressed out about the move. Keep asking questions about their biggest concerns. Are they worried about new teachers? Do they doubt their ability to make the basketball team?
Learn about the new school ahead of time
Carry out as much research as possible about the new school before your teen starts attending. Get your teen involved in finding out about the size of the school, the types of classes offered, and extra-curricular opportunities etc. Most schools have websites that offer a wealth of information.
Talking to a guidance counsellor or coach ahead of time can also be helpful. If possible, arrange for your teen to have a tour of the school too.
If at all possible, help your teen meet some students from the new school before the first day. Seeing a familiar face or two when they are the “new kids” can go a long way towards helping them settle in.
Life is full of changes. Someday, your teen will likely need to adjust to a new job, a new home, a new boss, and living with a partner. So changing schools can be a good practice for embracing changes.
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