1 . How crowded your neighborhood is can affect the health of our planet, a new study finds. Scientists measured the effect that people have on the environment using a carbon footprint. That footprint reflects the amount of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳)—a greenhouse gas—that is sent into the atmosphere because of people’s daily activities.

Carbon footprints tend to be low for citizens. Living in a suburb (郊区) outside a city, however, can be opposite.

People living in the city centers have low carbon footprints, the researchers found. “It is much easier to have a low carbon effect if your home is close to where you work, shop and play,” explains Jones. Living within walking or biking distance cuts back on the amount of carbon dioxide compared with moving people by cars. And cities with bus and subway networks allow people to travel great distances while keeping the amount of greenhouse gases low.

Not everyone can afford to live in the city, however. Suburbs offer more space, allowing people to build larger homes. Suburbs may offer better schools to kids. But those homes are usually far away from where owners work, play or learn. So people who live in suburbs often drive long distances.

The average household in a large city sends out about 40 tons of carbon dioxide per year. The average suburban household, however, sends out close to 50 tons of carbon dioxide per year.

The new findings are an important contribution to climate research. They would give scientists a better understanding of how culture might mix with locations to influence our carbon footprints.

You may not have any control over the location of your home. Still, everyone can take steps to reduce their carbon footprints. That’s because how much we pollute is influenced not just by where we live, but also by how we live.

To reduce your footprints, start small. Turn off lights when they’re not in use. Recycle or reuse things instead of throwing them away. And as people get used to making small changes, the leap to bigger ones will get easier.

1. Why do people living in suburbs have higher carbon footprints?

A．Because they often drive to work, play or do other things.

B．Because their homes take up too much space.

C．Because they often use buses and subways to travel great distances.

D．Because they have to send their kids to schools by car.

2. How are Paragraphs 3 to 5 mainly developed?

A．By giving examples.	B．By making comparisons.
C．By following time order.	D．By explaining processes.

3. What can we infer from the passage?

A．People living in big cities produce more carbon dioxide.

B．Culture plays the most important role in influencing the environment.

C．Any process of making new products may pollute the environment.

D．One’s small step can make a big difference to the environment.

4. In which part of a website may this passage appear?

A．Health.

B．Sports.

C．Culture.

D．Environment.

2 . On a hot summer day, a friend and I decided to go to the forest for a walk. So we went to the forest by car. We walked around for a while (—会儿). Then we realized that we should probably pay attention to where we’re going, so we wouldn’t get lost. We noticed a marked path and it looked like the path which we took from the parking lot (停车场). We started following it. After two hours, we realized we were just looping around. The part of the path that was supposed to take us back to the car seemed nowhere to be found! So we left the marked path, in the hope of finding our way back. We found a cycling path and followed it to a parking lot. Sadly it wasn’t our parking lot! A map at that parking lot showed us where all the other parking lots were and we noticed we were a long way from all of them! Except that, we couldn’t know which one was “our” parking lot.

We decided not to walk towards any of them. Instead we walked up to a house nearby. A lady was unloading (卸载) her food from her car, and we asked if she could help us. We described to her where we had come from and what the roads looked like. She immediately knew the place we described and said that we were a long way off. And then, to my surprise, she said: “Why don’t you jump into the car? I’ll take you there.” I couldn’t believe it and shouted: “Really?!” I was so excited. She drove us right back to our car, and we were so grateful.

1. Why did the author and his friend walk along the marked path?

A．Because there were no other paths there.

B．Because they thought it could lead to their parking lot.

C．Because it was the shortest path in the forest.

D．Because they could go to the deepest part of the forest.

2. The underlined words “looping around” in Paragraph 1 mean ________.

A．moving in a way that makes a circle

B．looking for the path around

C．walking around by following a path

D．staying in the same place

3. After they walked along a cycling path, they ________.

A．were far away from all parking lots

B．returned to their parking lot

C．found a way back to their parking lot

D．got a map showing directions

4. They decided to walk to a house nearby in order to ________.

A．have a good rest	B．find a guide
C．look for food	D．ask for directions

3 . Traffic lights are red, yellow and green. They are very important signals (信号). Traffic lights are usually placed at busy street corners to help control traffic. Sometimes, they are on streets near schools and shops, too. Most young children are taught what each of the colored lights means, so everybody can stay safe.

The first traffic signals were used for trains. The signals were put alongside railway tracks (轨道). The color red was used to mean “stop” because it warned people of danger. A red light was also the easiest color to see from a distance. Train drivers could see the red “stop” light ahead and had enough time to slow down and stop their trains. A green light was used to mean “take care” and a white light meant “go”.

However, there were many dangerous accidents on the train tracks. Some train drivers thought a star shining in the night sky was a white light that meant “go”. So the signals were swapped. The “go” light was changed to green and the “take care” light was changed to white.

During these times, people travelled by train or in carts pulled by horses. Years later, when cars were built, people began to drive them because they could travel much faster than horses. However, the road rules for drivers were not very clear and many people were hurt crossing the roads. Yellow warning signs had to be placed beside the roads to remind drivers to take care and allow people to cross safely.

Today, towns and cities all over the world have traffic lights. Red and green lights match the signals used on the railways. Yellow lights are easy to see, so they are used to warn drivers that they should slow down and prepare to stop.

1. Why was the color red used to mean “stop”?

A．It gave people a warning of danger.

B．It was the first color people thought of.

C．It reminded people of traffic rules.

D．It helped trains run smoothly.

2. What does the underlined word “swapped” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Designed.

B．Suggested.

C．Compared.

D．Exchanged.

3. In which order did the “take care” light develop?
a. A white light.            b. A green light.          c. A yellow light.

A．a—b—c	B．b—c—a
C．b—a—c	D．a—c—b

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A．The importance of traffic lights.	B．The meanings of traffic lights.
C．The advantages of traffic lights.	D．The history of traffic lights.

4 . A teenager wants to do a part-time job during his free time. But his parents think it could distract (使分心) him from study.     1    

Yes, teenagers in many countries take on part-time jobs. I believe it can be a truly beneficial experience. When I was in high school, I worked in a couple of small shops and also took care of babies.

    2     It can be quite difficult to manage both being good at his studies and working. When he considers the factors that go into working-including the time, money and energy getting to and from his job, he might want to think about whether he is ready for it. But how will he know if he doesn't try, right?

    3     Maybe he can apply these factors when speaking to his parents.

I learned to be responsible for my actions because my boss relied on me.     4     The sense of independence and pride that comes from buying something with money that you earn through your own hard work is quite meaningful.

When speaking with his parents, he can also suggest that he gets a job working on the weekend only at first, then maybe one or two more days a week and so on. Then he can know how he will adapt to (适应) school and work responsibilities.     5     He is willing to compromise (妥协) .

A．So he turns to me for help.

B．They can get some practical experience.

C．But I also think his parents have a fair point.

D．Also, I learned the value of earning my own money.

E．He can take a part-time job for which he can earn some money.

F．This way, they will know that he is taking their opinions into consideration.

G．I will share some things with him that I learned from working at a young age.

5 . My life was totally changed because a simple three-word phrase was delivered at the right time in just the right way.

When I was three years old, my parents discovered I was totally deaf, a situation which forced them to make an important decision about my education.

After talking with doctors, they made a decision that would forever change my future. Instead of sending me to a private school for the deaf, they decided to give me a normal education. All of my classmates and teachers would have normal hearing.

I experienced great anxiety throughout elementary school. In addition to the problems of "fitting in" with the other students, I also struggled with most of my schoolwork. Since fitting in was so important to me, every time people around me laughed or smiled, I did the same, even though I usually had no idea what was going on.

Mrs. Jordan, my 5th grade teacher, changed all of that with a simple three-word phrase. One morning, she asked the class a question. I read her lips and immediately raised my hand. I couldn't believe it—for the first time I knew the answer. But when she called on me to give the answer, I was afraid. Here was an opportunity to impress the teacher and show her I was worthy of her love. Maybe, it could even impress my classmates a little.

Despite my fears, I felt confident because I was sure I had the right answer. I took a deep breath and answered Mrs. Jordan's question.

I will never forget what happened next. With sparking eyes and a wide smile, she cried, “That's right, Stephen!”

My heart burst with pride as an ear-to-ear grin filled my face. My confidence went up like never before. I decided at that time that I would make a place for myself in this world. A simple three-word phrase delivered with unbelievable enthusiasm totally changed my young life.

1. What can we infer about Stephen from the text?

A．He was clever, but he didn't work hard.

B．He was cured of his deafness in the end.

C．He was sent to a private school for the deaf.

D．He was eager to be liked by his teachers and classmates.

2. Why did Stephen do the same thing every time people around him laughed or smiled?

A．He felt shy when seeing them laughing.	B．He really wanted to have normal hearing.
C．He wanted to fit in with the other people.	D．He had a good relationship with other students.

3. How did the author feel when his teacher called on him to answer the question?

A．Confident.

B．Frightened.

C．Excited.

D．Sorry.

4. What do the underlined words “an ear-to-ear grin” in the last paragraph mean?

A．Stephen was very happy.	B．Stephen's ears were damaged.
C．Stephen could hear others praising him.	D．Stephen's hearing was likely to improve.

6 . Do you want to be a volunteer on weekends or during the vacation? The voluntary work can help you make more friends and learn new skills. The most important thing is that you can get someuseful guides (指导) to your future job. Here are some places for you to do voluntary work.

Hospitals

Are you interested in medicine? Do you enjoy helping patients? The volunteering in the local hospital may be the right thing for you. There are many volunteer chances for children between 13 and 16 years old. They include (包括) transporting (运送) patients with a nurse, talking to them and reading to them.

Nursing homes

Are you interested in helping the old people? Then you can go to a nursing home. You can do the following work: pushing wheelchairs (轮椅), talking with the old people, helping them write letters and so on.

Garden centers

If you like gardening, pay attention to the notices (通知) of local garden centers. Chances may include planting trees, watering flowers and looking after plants. You're sure to improve your gardening skills by working as a volunteer in a garden centers.

Libraries

Do you enjoy working in the local libraries? Some volunteers in the libraries are between 12 and 18. The libraries offer some chances such as computer center helpers and children's program helpers.

1. The writer thinks the biggest advantage of doing voluntary work is ________.

A．making more friends	B．getting some useful guides to the future job
C．learning some new skills	D．meeting many interesting people

2. How many places can people volunteer in the passage?

A．Two.

B．Three.

C．Four.

D．Five.

3. What does the passage mainly tell us?

A．How to be a good volunteer.	B．Some places to do voluntary work.
C．How to do voluntary work.	D．Some places to get a good job.

7 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

One day in September 2020, Mom got a call from my aunt. “I don’t feel well these days and I keep coughing blood,” my aunt said in a sad voice.

We were all in shock and after hanging up, we hurried to my aunt’s home and sent her to the hospital immediately. Having stayed in the hospital for several days, my aunt’s situation became worse and worse. Mom knew what was to come, and this frightened us all. As days went by, my aunt got to a point where it was hard for her to breathe and to move. Mom said that she would try everything to save her sister.

As the healthcare in our country is so poor that my parents both decided to send my aunt to Istanbul, Turkey. My parents knew some good doctors in Istanbul and they thought they would offer her the best help. Even though it was a huge risk for Mom to travel with my sick aunt, she believed it was the only way that someone could help her.

On the day Mom and my aunt were leaving for Turkey, Dad and I sent them to the airport. We had bought a wheelchair for my aunt because she did not have enough strength to walk. When I saw my aunt sitting in the wheelchair, my tears started to fall out of my face. “Everything is going to be alright,” Mom said while leaving the car.

As days went by, my aunt was in an ICU in Istanbul. Mom was in a different room waiting to hear every update on her situation. My aunt was put on so much medicine and serums (血清), and her whole room was filled with things that her body needed Mom once took a photo from outside my aunt’s room. It showed everything there, and as soon as I saw that, I started to cry again. I could not handle the pain of seeing my family member like this.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A day later, my aunt’s condition was uncontrollable.

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Mom told us the good news immediately.

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8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As the capital of thirteen     1     (dynasty) throughout Chinese history, the ancient capital city, Xi’an, has never been far from sports. During the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, the city held many sports events, such as cuju.

Cuju was     2     ancient Chinese competitive game involving kicking a ball through an opening into a net. As the ancestor (祖先) of soccer, it first     3     (appear) in the ancient Chinese historical work Zhan Guo Ce, which described cuju as a form of an activity for     4     (please) among the general public since it was     5     (attract) to many ordinary people.

Later, cuju was     6     (common) played in the army for military training purposes, during the Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD). Liu Che, emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty,    7     was crazy about cuju, would build a cuju field wherever his army went. He used cuju as a way of training soldiers. During the Han Dynasty, cuju matches     8     (hold) inside the palace often.

The earliest record of women cuju players can date back     9     the Han Dynasty. We can see from the paintings that the females tied their hair, waved their long sleeves and looked elegant (优雅的) when     10     (play) cuju.

As a way of national culture protection, cuju was listed into the first batch of China’s cultural heritages in 2006.

9 . The pandemic (疫情) has thrown challenges at us all in different ways, including children and getting to this point is an achievement in itself.    1     Following are several pieces of advice about how to give your children the best start in September.

Read with your children. Keep their mind active by visiting the local library or bookshop and read a novel together discussing each chapter, trying to predict (预测) what is going to happen next and think about the decisions the characters have made. The action of choosing a book and reading together can have a positive impact on your relationship.    2    . Encourage your child to take part in this year’s fun Summer Reading Challenge.

Spend time together. As a mum, if I have learnt anything during this pandemic, it is the importance of family and supporting each other. So you should spend time together as a family.    3    .

Recognize the year they had during the pandemic. Children’s education was disrupted (中断) during the pandemic and although they have been good at finding ways of doing things and solving problems, it’s important that we don’t ignore what they suffer during the year of the pandemic.    4    . It is beneficial to your children’s mental health.

    5    . Being positive and encouraging goes a long way, especially after the challenges that we’ve all battled through this year. Whenever there’s an opportunity to praise them’ take it! And make sure you catch them doing good! The more positive you are about their education and happiness, the better they will be.

A．Be positive about your children’s progress

B．Help your children improve their health and happiness

C．Keeping active and exercising regularly is great for physical health

D．It also can help your children to see the world through other people’s eyes

E．It is wonderful to be with your family to take part in activities on sport and nature

F．So you should accept that you are doing the best to support your children’s education

G．If they want to talk about their sadness and happiness, spend time talking with them

10 . Street pavements burst open, houses flattened, and entire villages were destroyed in what’s being described as one of the worst flood disasters to hit Western Europe in more than two centuries. As reported, more than 165 people died, while dozens of others remain missing after a record rainfall caused rivers to overflow into towns and streets across western Germany, Belgium, as well as parts of the Netherlands, Switzerland and northern France. In Liège, Belgium’s third-largest city, water from the Meuse river overflowed Thursday evening into parts of the city center, causing city officials to call for residents (居民) to evacuate the area or seek higher ground.

By the weekend, fears that a dam could burst were calmed, as the water levels in the river began to go down. But many different pieces of debris (碎片) flowing through the river from nearby villages—including parts of homes, street signs and car tires—served as a reminder that it would take weeks and months to fix the damage in the surrounding villages. This may be the worst flooding disaster our country has ever known,” said Belgian Prime Minister Alexander de Croo, who declared Monday a national day of mourning (哀悼). Additional search-and-rescue teams have been brought in from France and Italy to help locate the missing and assist with the cleanup.

In western Germany, the death rose to at least 143 people. Firefighters, meanwhile, say they carried out more than 1, 000 search-and-rescue missions, which became harder by the fact that the floods had cut power lines, disabling cellphone towers. We don’t know the number yet’ but there will be many. Germany’s interior minister, Horst Seehofer, said the country must prepare much better in the future, adding, “This is a result of climate change.”

1. What disaster hit Western Europe?

A．A flood.	B．A hurricane.
C．A fire.	D．An earthquake.

2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “evacuate” in paragraph 1?

A．Search for.

B．Escape from.

C．Approach to.

D．Benefit from.

3. What measure did the government take?

A．Reviving the power line.	B．Setting a national holiday.
C．Preparing the next election.	D．Searching for the missing people.

4. What can we infer from Horst Seehofer’s words?

A．The natural risk becomes more severe.

B．Cities are rarely damaged by floods.

C．The disaster happened due to climate change.

D．The terrible disaster caused much loss.