1 . You must have heard about animal migration (迁徙),such as Wildebeests dash across Africa; Monarch butterflies fly across the Americas... But did you know that forests migrate, too?
In his new book The Journeys of Trees, science writer Zach St. George explores an extremely slow migration, as forests creep inch by inch to more pleasant places.
“The migration of a forest is just many trees sprouting (发芽) in the same direction,” St. George writes. “Through the fossils that ancient forests left behind, scientists can track their movement over thousands of years. They move back and forth across continents, sometimes following the same route more than once, like migrating birds or whales.” This has happened over thousands of years, and climate change tends to be the driving force.
Of course, today, climate change is speeding up, and trees can’ t keep pace. Take California for example: It’s getting hotter and drier and scientists estimate that before too long, Sequoia National Park may not be able to keep giant sequoias (巨杉).
“The scientists there had never seen anything like it” St. George says. “They worried, and I think at some point we will lose these ancient trees and that we will have to think about what we do with the places, and whether we should plant new groves where they are easy to grow.”
This is known as “assisted migration” —humans planting trees in other places where they’ re more likely to flourish. But this process carries risks—people can accidentally introduce insects and diseases to new places, where they may wipe out entire native populations. So, St. George writes, there’ s a debate among conservationists and foresters today: Should humans help the trees escape?
“There may be cases where people are probably going to step in and help species move to places where they’ll be more suitable in the future,”St. George says.“So far, there are no huge movements of citizen groups moving trees north. But that is kind of one vision of the future that the people I interview hope to see.”
1. What can be learned about the forest migration?| A．It is very difficult to track the migration. |
| B．It takes several decades to complete it. |
| C．It is mainly the result of climate change. |
| D．It often follows certain migrating species. |
| A．To prove the assisted migration carries risks. |
| B．To stress the park is able to keep giant sequoias. |
| C．To state scientists are hopeful about the environment. |
| D．To show trees fail to adapt to climate change. |
| A．Grow well. | B．Become valuable. |
| C．Develop rapidly. | D．Escape diseases. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Objective. |
| C．Skeptical. | D．Disapproving. |
2 . Owura Kwadwo Hottish teaches computer science in a school. It is a normal school except for the fact that it didn’t have
Owura became famous after he posted photos of him on the Internet. In the picture. people could see he was teaching his students by
| A．classrooms | B．computers | C．playgrounds | D．tools |
| A．operating | B．repairing | C．describing | D．drawing |
| A．poor | B．unique | C．average | D．avanced |
| A．annoyed | B．pleased | C．frightened | D．surprised |
| A．line | B．culture | C．schedule | D．school |
| A．rubbed | B．called | C．cut | D．shown |
| A．exchange | B．improve | C．revise | D．repeat |
| A．broke out | B．paid off | C．came back | D．held back |
| A．care | B．control | C．place | D．notice |
| A．suggestion | B．speech | C．decision | D．arrangement |
| A．made | B．waited | C．received | D．carried |
| A．Suddenly | B．Importantly | C．Exactly | D．Naturally |
| A．lent | B．sold | C．donated | D．applied |
| A．efforts | B．pains | C．legend | D．experiment |
| A．glory | B．wisdom | C．kindness | D．pride |
3 . Some students get so nervous before a test. They do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock, a professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, has studied these highly anxious test-takers. The students start worrying about the results. And when they worry, it actually uses up attention and memory resources (资源).
Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.
The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short maths tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.
Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of 12% worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of 5%. Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test. Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+, compared to a B- for those who did not.
“What we showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious, who’d done our writing intervention (干预), all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and performance. They were performing just as well as their classmates who don’t normally get nervous in these tests.”
But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.
1. What may the students start worrying about before an exam?| A．Whether they can pass the exams. |
| B．What other students do during the test. |
| C．Whether they have remembered the materials. |
| D．What kind of problems they will meet on the test paper. |
| A．Asking the students to think nothing of the test. |
| B．Asking the students to focus on the test. |
| C．Asking the students to sit quietly before the test. |
| D．Asking the students to write about their worries before the test. |
| A．became less nervous before the test. |
| B．were better at controlling their feelings. |
| C．did worse than those who wrote about their feelings. |
| D．did better than those who took two tests. |
| A．Writing about worries before an exam can work a bit. |
| B．Studying in the library can improve students’ performance. |
| C．Students can only write about worries right before an exam. |
| D．It doesn’t matter where to write about worries before an exam. |
It was raining pretty hard on Halloween, but actually that wasn't going to stop my little sister Kate and me from trick—or—treating. We decided to start at Miss Parson's house. Miss Parson, a warm—hearted and lovely lady, was greatly loved by us kids who lived in the nearby neighborhood because she often shared her self-made cookies with us. We usually finished them in a second, happily talking and laughing, especially when we were very hungry after class. At times, when we visited her or did something for her, she always gave us some big surprises.
Kale and I wondered what kinds of treats she would offer us that day. As we walked down the street, I held an umbrella, a bag for Candy, and my sister's hand, Jack—o—Lanterns gave off soft light along the streel. Spider webs hung in all the windows. Parents who were dressed up like monsters（怪物）stood in doorways. After we had walked a few blocks, we were wet from head to toes, and I felt Kate was trembling with cold. It was cold.
There was a light on at Miss Parson's house, but there were no ghosts, goblins（小妖精）,or Jack—o—Lanterns. We climbed up the steps and saw Miss Parson through a window.
She was drinking a cup of hot tea.
“Maybe she doesn't celebrate Halloween,” Kale said with a sigh, clearly very disappointed.
“Well. even if she doesn't, she usually likes it when we visit her.”I said and knocked on the door cautiously.
Miss Parson seemed to be very surprised when she opened the door and saw our dressing. “Is today Halloween?” she asked. "I completely forgot. I am so sorry!"
Miss Parson rushed us into her house.
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Well-known Chinese writer, translator and foreign literature researcher Yang Jiang passed away at the age of 105 on May 25, 2016. But four years later, people from all walks of life are still expressing their respect to her by
Why is Yang still respected by people today?
It’s mainly for “her devotion
As a result, Yang finished the translation of Don Quixote over a period of 10 years.
Apart from her translation achievement, Yang is famous for her prose(散文) and dramas. She published Six Chapters of My Life(《干校六记》) in 1981,
Though Yang
内容包括
1.出发及返回时间；
2.活动：骑车，钓鱼，划船（row a boat）等。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Adam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
7 . I was driving to a business appointment when I came to a very busy crossroad. The traffic light had just turned red. Suddenly, an unforgettable
At first I was moved. They were trying to
To my astonishment, I saw a wonderful scene unfold before my eyes. Every car in every direction came to a（n）
Amazed, I looked at the cars around me. I noticed that everyone's attention was fixed on the couple.
I was surprised by the
As I drove away. I did so with more awareness of life and care for others than ever before.
1.| A．scene | B．car | C．accident | D．driver |
| A．introduce | B．guide | C．prevent | D．approach |
| A．overcome | B．achieve | C．suffer | D．recover |
| A．sorrow | B．regret | C．fear | D．amazement |
| A．realizing | B．recognizing | C．removing | D．preventing |
| A．concerned | B．certain | C．lucky | D．delighted |
| A．agreement | B．conclusion | C．end | D．stop |
| A．shout | B．order | C．announce | D．promise |
| A．developed | B．calmed | C．froze | D．changed |
| A．Strangely | B．Obviously | C．Suddenly | D．Hopefully |
| A．arrived | B．followed | C．replied | D．reacted |
| A．schedule | B．voice | C．speed | D．course |
| A．frightened | B．puzzled | C．excited | D．touched |
| A．still | B．even | C．yet | D．already |
| A．astonished | B．excited | C．emotionless | D．hopeless |
8 . It can be difficult to start a hobby. You may have come across one that requires you to buy costly equipment.
Begin a collection.
Many different collections can be started with little or no cost.
Start an art or craft（工艺）project.
Listen to music.
YouTube contains a large quantity of music you can listen to for free. In addition, you can discover music you like by using online radio stations or services.
| A．Study something new |
| B．Create a hobby class by yourself. |
| C．One way to do this is to go outside. |
| D．Many arts and crafts can be started with few materials |
| E．The truth is that many hobbies can be started without much money |
| F．By enjoying new music online, you can turn music into a relaxing hobby |
| G．It means that the more money you spend, the better hobbies you can develop. |
9 . Far from the land of Antarctica（南极洲）, a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.
For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secrets. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.
Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish's blood and measured its freezing point.
The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of—1.88°C and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to-2.05°C. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice—salt mixture.
The scientists' next research job was clear： Find out what in the fish's blood kept it from freezing. Their research led to some really strange thing made up of a protein（蛋白质）that has never been seen before in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.
Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules（分子）held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP.
1. Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?| A．The seawater has a temperature of-1.88°C. | B．It loves to live in the ice—salt mixture. |
| C．A special protein keeps it from freezing. | D．Its blood has a temperature lower than-2.05°C |
| A．No one can carry out any research work in the Antarctic |
| B．The ice—salt mixture enables the Antarctic cod to live under the freezing water |
| C．The protein in the blood of the Antarctic cod has a low freezing point |
| D．The sugar content is believed to be an unusual kind of protein. |
| A．It is made up of many small sugar molecules. | B．It can be removed from the blood |
| C．It keeps the blood of the cod from freezing. | D．It is called a glycoprotein. |
| A．The terrible conditions in the Antarctic | B．A special fish living in freezing waters. |
| C．The ice shelf around Antarctica. | D．Protection of the Antarctic cod |
10 . Whether she loves wines, pets, books, coffees, or all of the above, there is a perfect gift for your number one mama.
Short Robe (袍)
If your mom likes nothing more than enjoying life in the early hours of the day with a cup of coffee, she will like this short robe. It has side pockets and an attached belt.
Short Robe, $128, NakedPrincess.com
Photos To Art
Nothing makes a super—proud mom happier than thinking about her children—they're so handsome! So smart! So sweet! Give this proud mom an opportunity to admire her handiwork every day with a photo of her children using Photos To Art feature. Photos To Art is an app which can transform your digital photo into a piece of art.
Photos To Art, starting at $3.99, Art.com
Library Card Cup
For the woman who took you to the library to get your very first card, show how much you appreciate her love of language and words with one of these book-themed cups. You can choose from an old—fashioned library card, a book's cover, or one of your favorite literary characters.
Library Card Cup, $18.49, Amazon.com
Florence Travel Dress
When she’s not busy teaching her children how to tie their shoes and mind their manners, the mom you love is flying across the country for an important meeting. She needs this dress—it dries quickly and prevents wrinkles (褶皱).
Florence Travel Dress by Orvis, $119, Amazon.com
1. Which of the following is a perfect gift to a mother who gets up early?| A．A loose robe. | B．A coffee cup. | C．A photo album. | D．A beautiful dress. |
| A．$7.98. | B．$ 18.49. | C．$36.98. | D．$119. |
| A．The mother who follows the latest fashion. | B．The mother who is a frequent business traveler. |
| C．The mother who is looking for a special dress. | D．The mother who wants to look younger. |
