Pandas
1. Where does the conversation take place?
| A．At school. | B．At the zoo. | C．At an amusement park. |
| A．John was busy. | B．John arrived late. | C．John changed his mind. |
| A．He wanted to come alone. | B．He was afraid of roller coasters. | C．He wanted to give her a surprise. |
| A．Considerate. | B．Brave. | C．Reliable. |
Today you could get a ticket if you don’t drive on your side of the road. Worse yet, you could have a head-on collision(正面碰撞). But in 1917, Dr. June McCarroll could not get drivers to understand what seems so obvious today.
June McCarroll was born in New York in 1867. Unlike most young women of her age, she attended medical college in Chicago. After her husband became ill, the couple moved to Southern California in 1904.
In 1917, while driving down a familiar road near Indio, California Dr. McCarroll had a driving accident. In order to avoid a head-on collision with a truck going in the opposite direction, her car was driven off the road and into a ditch (沟). This gave Dr. McCarrolla new idea—paint lines on the road, separating lanes(车道) with a center line.
“My car and I found ourselves face-to-face with a truck on the highway. It did not take me long to choose between a sandy ditch to the right and a ten-ton truck to the left! Then an idea struck me.”
McCarroll wrote to the local government. However, the government didn’t take McCarroll seriously. After receiving no response to her letters, McCarroll took her idea and matters into her own hands. She painted a white line down the center of the street to make two separate lanes of traffic as a way to prevent future collisions.
Dr. McCarroll then asked women’s groups through the state of California to organize letter writing campaigns to state and local politicians and in 1924 California approved of the practice of painting traffic lines on highway roads. The safety practice quickly spread to other states, then other countries. By virtue of the lines, thousands of accidents are prevented and an untold number of lives are saved each year.
1. What is the text mainly about?(no more than 10 words)2. What encouraged the idea of painting lines on the highway
3. How did the local government treat McCarroll’s suggestion at the beginning? (no more than 10 words)
4. What do the underlined words “By virtue of” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? (no more than 5 words)
5. According to the last two paragraphs, what do you think of McCarroll?(no more than 20 words)
4 . A woman’s kind act toward a
Casey Spelman didn’t think twice about
Spelman, 26, later walked away without asking for payment or
Hamilton, 31, is from Indianapolis, Indiana, and is a District Leader for Ricker Oil Company. Spelman’s story is also reported in Indianapolis. Spelman received great
But Spelman has played down what she did. “It should be more normal,” she said. “It shouldn’t be something people are
“With Hamilton’s post getting more than 17,000
| A．patient | B．friend | C．driver | D．stranger |
| A．stopping | B．helping | C．photographing | D．calling |
| A．leaving | B．preventing | C．imagining | D．spotting |
| A．catch | B．enjoy | C．focus | D．escape |
| A．passed by | B．showed off | C．went over | D．cheered up |
| A．insisted | B．said | C．knew | D．doubted |
| A．permission | B．forgiveness | C．attention | D．information |
| A．selfless | B．careless | C．creative | D．final |
| A．famous | B．heartwarming | C．old | D．large |
| A．widely | B．secretly | C．slowly | D．slightly |
| A．end | B．process | C．purpose | D．opposite |
| A．chance | B．experience | C．power | D．recognition |
| A．presents | B．praise | C．points | D．training |
| A．importantly | B．commonly | C．obviously | D．successfully |
| A．cameras | B．kids | C．disabilities | D．skills |
| A．worried | B．surprised | C．confused | D．disappointed |
| A．letters | B．tickets | C．likes | D．orders |
| A．only | B．true | C．dark | D．good |
| A．accidentally | B．nearly | C．actually | D．usually |
| A．broke | B．changed | C．touched | D．opened |
5 . Many people, especially the elderly, suffer from abnormal sleep. In particular, the deep sleep phases become shorter and shallower with age.
Researchers have shown that the brain waves characterizing deep sleep, so-called slow waves, can be improved by playing precisely timed sounds through earphones while sleeping. While this works well in the laboratory under controlled conditions, there has been no at-home solution that can be used for a time longer than just one night.
As part of the SleepLoop project, researchers have developed a mobile system that can be used at home and aims to promote deep sleep through auditory(听觉的) brain stimulation.
The SleepLoop system consists of a headband that is put on at bedtime and worn throughout the night. This headband contains electrodes(电极) and a microchip that can constantly measure the brain activity of the sleeping person. As soon as the sleeping person shows slow waves in the brain activity, the system will set off a short auditory signal. This helps synchronize(使……同步) the neuronal cells and enhance the slow waves. What makes the solution unique is that the sleeping person is not consciously aware of this sound during deep sleep.
It’s the first time that the researchers, led by Caroline Lustenberger, have conducted a clinical study with this device. The study involved equipping participants, between 60 and 80 years old, with the SleepLoop system, which they were required to operate in their own homes. The system is designed to function independently even for users with little technical experience. “This worked very well. We had surprisingly little data loss and the participants rated the device as user-friendly,” says Lustenberger.
The participants wore the device every night for a total of four weeks. The results showed it was indeed possible to enhance the slow waves through auditory signals during deep sleep in most participants. However, individual differences were considerable, which can be used to better predict how a given individual will respond to the auditory stimulus. The company ToSoo AG is currently working on that so that it can be competitive once it comes onto the clinical market. It’s already clear that it’ll not be freely available, but only via a doctor’s prescription. “Use of the device must be medically indicated,” a researcher says.
1. What did researchers of the SleepLoop project try to work out?| A．How to avoid deep sleep phases decreasing with age. |
| B．How to distinguish slow waves from other brain waves. |
| C．How to accurately create home sleep conditions in the laboratory. |
| D．How to continuously improve deep sleep by playing sounds at home. |
| A．The working principle of the SleepLoop system. |
| B．The advantages of the Sleep Loop system. |
| C．The brain activity during deep sleep. |
| D．The features of brain waves. |
| A．It lasted longer than previous clinical studies. |
| B．It proves the new device is easy to operate. |
| C．It collected little data due to the participants’ advanced ages. |
| D．It required the participants to master basic technical knowledge. |
| A．Attracting more investments. |
| B．Reducing the cost of the device. |
| C．Perfecting the device’s performance. |
| D．Getting medical officials’ permission. |
Driving to Palm Springs two years ago, I met a snowstorm. A car suddenly changed the direction
7 . Some signs of sleep deprivation (匮乏) like dark circles under your eyes might be noticeable, but others can fly under the radar.
You don’t have energy. If you feel so tired and listless at work that you would rather run for your pillow than do even the smallest task at the desk, that could be the result of a lack of sleep.
You find it difficult to concentrate.
●
You feel moody, depressed or angry. Sleep deprivation night mean that you can easily get upset.
| A．Your medical issues are worsening or developing |
| B．20 minutes of shut-eye will make you feel recharged |
| C．There are some tricks that might help you become energetic |
| D．Sleep deprivation might have an impact on your mental performance |
| E．It also leads to reduced patience and discourages you from socializing |
| F．These signs might be an indicator that you aren’t getting the sleep you need |
| G．However, think twice if you tun to a late afternoon coffee to pick yourself up |
8 . New research into a little-known text written in ancient Greek shows that “stressed poetry”, the ancestor of all modern poetry and song, was already in use in the 2nd century CE, 300 years earlier than previously thought. It has been found sculpted on twenty precious stones and as a graffito (雕画) in Cartagena, Spain.
In its shortest version, the nameless four-line poem reads “They say what they like; let them say it; I dont care.” Other versions extend with “Go on, love me; it does you good.” The poem, unparalleled (绝无仅有的) so far in the classical world, consists of lines of 4 syllables (音节), with a strong accent on the first and a weaker on the third. This allows it to come into the rhythms of numerous pop and rock songs. So it became popular across the eastern Roman Empire and survives.
By comparing all of the known examples for the first time, Cambridges Professor Tim Whitmarsh noticed that the poem used a different form of rhythm to that usually found in ancient Greek poetry. As well as showing signs of the long and short syllables characteristic of traditional “quantitative” poem, this text employed stressed and unstressed syllables. The new study, published in The Cambridge Classical Journal, also suggests that this poem could represent a “missing link” between the lost world of ancient Mediterranean oral poetry and song, and the more modern forms that we know today. A lot of popular poetry in ancient Greek takes a similar form to traditional high poetics. This poem, on the other hand, points to a distinct and rich culture, primarily oral.
1. Where was the “stressed poetry” discovered?| A．In Greece. | B．In Spain. |
| C．In Britain. | D．In Mediterranean. |
| A．A syllable. | B．A strong accent. |
| C．The four-line poem. | D．The content of the poem. |
| A．A missing link between poems was found finally. |
| B．A lot of popular poetry in ancient Greek was then popular in the world. |
| C．The stressed and unstressed syllables distinguished the poem from others. |
| D．The ancient Mediterranean oral poetry and song was older than the poem. |
| A．Ancient Greek “pop culture” discovery rewrites the history of poetry and song |
| B．The unparalleled poem made ancient Greek culture more attractive |
| C．Ancient Greek poetry lay the foundation of modern culture |
| D．Four syllables are still popular in modern poetry and song |
9 . When you look up at the blue sky or gaze across blue ocean, you might think that the color blue is common in nature. But among all the colors found in rocks, plants and flowers, or in the fur, feathers, scales and skin of animals, blue is surprisingly scarce.
But why is the color blue so rare? The answer stems from the chemistry and physics of how colors are produced — and how we see them. Were able to see color because each of our eyes contains between 6 million and 7 million light-sensitive cells called cones (椎体). There are three different types of cones in the eye of a person with normal color vision, and each cone type is most sensitive to a particular wavelength of light: red, green or blue. Information from millions of cones reaches our brains as electrical signals that communicate all the types of light reflected by what we see, which is then interpreted as different shades of color.
When we look at a colorful object, “the object is absorbing some of the white light that falls onto it; because its absorbing some of the light, the rest of the light that reflected has a color,” science writer Kai Kupferschmidt said.
“When you see a blue flower — for instance, a cornflower — you see the cornflower as blue because it absorbs the red part of the spectrum (光谱),” Kupferschmidt said. Or to put it another way, the flower appears blue because that color is the part of the spectrum that the blossom rejected.
In the visible spectrum, red has long wavelengths, meaning it is very low-energy compared with other colors. For a flower to appear blue, it needs to be able to produce a molecule (分子) that can absorb very small amounts of energy, in order to absorb the red part of the spectrum.
Generating such molecules — which are large and complex — is difficult for plants to do, which is why blue flowers are produced by fewer than 10% of the worlds nearly 300,000 flowering plant species.
1. What does the underlined phrase “stems from” probably mean?| A．Varies from. | B．Results from. | C．Leads to. | D．Amounts to. |
| A．Cones divide colors into three types. |
| B．The colors are divided into three types. |
| C．Part of white light is absorbed by the object. |
| D．Light-sensitive cells are most sensitive to dark colors. |
| A．Its wavelengths are shorter. | B．It can be seen everywhere. |
| C．It seems more vivid than others. | D．It has low-energy relatively. |
| A．To reflect most red light. |
| B．To blossom in the shade. |
| C．To avoid generating large molecules. |
| D．To produce molecules to absorb red spectrum. |
10 . Best Summer Camps for Teenagers 2022
Catalina Sea Camp
Catalina Sea Camp is an adventure camp in Catalina Island, California. It’s perfect for kids aged 8～17 who enjoy being out in the ocean and participating in thrilling water sports and activities. It also has an educational aspect, focusing on marine ( 海 洋 的 ) biology, making it perfect for those interested in a future career in the field.
Camp Wicosuta
This is a summer camp in New Hampshire. This particular summer camp is intended specially for teenage girls that want to spend a little time outdoors. Each sleep-away camp session is broken down into four individual weeks and the entire program is based on celebrating confidence, competence and communication.
iD Tech Camp
iD Tech Camp is a virtual technology camp for teens. At their online camp, teens receive a STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) education while making friends with other students. Their expert instructors have years of experience and often come from well-known universities like Stanford, California Institute of Technology and New York University. The vast majority of students who attend the camps take part in STEM programs at universities, making it perfect for high school students who want a future career in the STEM field.
Fusion Academy College Camp
If you’re looking for a different kind of camp experience, Fusion Academy is offering College Admissions Camps this summer, Fusion is a private middle and high school with a personalized learning model. They offer the unique college camp on the Internet, so high school students can attend it from anywhere. Fusion Academy provides a nurturing (培养) environment where students can become the best versions of themselves on an academic and personal level.
1. What can campers do at the camp in Catalina Island, California?| A．Take STEM classes. | B．Do water sports |
| C．Attend job interviews. | D．Visit famous universities |
| A．Camp Wicosuta. | B．iD Tech Camp. |
| C．Catalina Sea Camp. | D．Fusion Academy College Camp. |
| A．They are held online | B．They center on art activities |
| C．They offer one-on-one instruction | D．They are designed for college students |
