1 . People may typically think of memory as the recollection of the past. Memory enables people to learn from past experiences and apply that knowledge in present cases. It is an important part of our identity. So is culture, the way of life specific to a group of people.
Cultural memory is the constructed understanding of the past that is passed from one generation to the next through text, oral traditions, monuments and other symbols. Cultural memory is often amassed in objects, such as museums or historical monuments. To understand culture, humans access a mass of cultural symbols, such as books. Artifacts (历史文物) of the past provide insights into where we came from. Libraries and the Internet keep a seemingly boundless amount of data on what it means to be part of a culture. Cultural memory is the longest-lasting form of memory.
Like all forms of memory, cultural memory has important functions. For example, it makes the experiences a nation owns clear. It provides us with an understanding of the past and the values of the group to which we belong. Besides, it creates a form of shared identity and a means for communicating this identity to new members. The most powerful forms of cultural memory may involve memories of past disastrous experiences undergone by groups of victims. For example, in Russia, their role in World War II —in which tens of millions of Russians were killed — is still an important part of modern Russian identity. Because all groups have cultural memory, it can bring about a spirit of resistance or survival among threatened groups.
The main function of cultural memory is not to recall the past, whether it is good or bad. Rather, it is to use knowledge of past experiences to avoid making the same mistakes again and again. Aleida Assmann, a professor who has worked on memory theory since the 1960s, calls this “remembering forward”. Cultural memory enables people to adapt to their culture; it enables cultures to adapt to new circumstances by keeping traces (痕迹) of what worked in the past.
1. What is the function of the first paragraph?A.Reporting a discovery of cultural memory. |
B.Leading to the concept of cultural memory. |
C.Introducing the importance of memory in identity. |
D.Making a connection between memory and culture. |
A.Stored. | B.Ignored. | C.Damaged. | D.Created. |
A.the features of cultural memory | B.the formation of cultural memory |
C.the role of big events in Russian identity | D.the impact of cultural memory on identity |
A.Pass previous wisdom down. | B.Keep traces of history. |
C.Get people to know about the past. | D.Remind people of their identity. |
1. 你最难忘的一次庆祝端午节的经历;
2. 邀请他来体验即将来临的端午节。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
This is the first time that I
Of the three events, two have left a deep impression
Though I am tired now, celebrating Naadam with my friend was
4 . About 15 years ago, I packed my suitcase and traveled to a town a few hours away. I would have an important
This discovery made me get into
I finally arrived on time. Things
That nice
A.speech | B.lecture | C.interview | D.conference |
A.as usual | B.on schedule | C.under pressure | D.in advance |
A.dressed | B.washed | C.shaved | D.occupied |
A.applied | B.learnt | C.forgotten | D.attempted |
A.panic | B.bitterness | C.disbelief | D.disappointment |
A.firmly | B.hurriedly | C.effortlessly | D.hopelessly |
A.sensitive | B.awkward | C.dangerous | D.financial |
A.secret | B.question | C.solution | D.discovery |
A.driving | B.directing | C.introducing | D.sending |
A.cheerful | B.unmatched | C.confusing | D.surprising |
A.removed | B.obtained | C.recommended | D.decorated |
A.got across | B.turned around | C.worked out | D.stood up |
A.support | B.interest | C.curiosity | D.gratitude |
A.connection | B.gesture | C.comfort | D.personality |
A.revised | B.challenged | C.assisted | D.impressed |
5 . It’s a struggle for many of us to get out of the sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle, despite our best intentions.
You already know there are many ways and great reasons to exercise — from improving mood, sleep, and health to reducing anxiety. But knowing how and why to exercise can’t get you starting and sticking to your exercise plan.
● Get rid of the all-or-nothing attitude. You don’t have to spend hours in a gym or force yourself into boring or painful activities you hate to experience the physical and emotional benefits of exercise.
● Be kind to yourself. Don’t punish yourself if you miss a workout.
●
A.Let it go and be patient |
B.Share the results with others |
C.Have reasonable expectations |
D.If you really want to make exercise a habit |
E.Remember a little exercise is better than nothing |
F.If you are having trouble in finding an exercise to do on a daily basis |
G.While practical concerns like a busy schedule can make exercise challenging |
6 . In my childhood, my parents would take me to watch games. I loved the excitement I would feel when we went to watch these events, especially when the scores were close until the very end of the game. My meaningful attempt at sports began with T-ball at the age of three, progressed to the basketball court at six, and finally turned into a firm devotion to the game of baseball from the age of eight onward.
One of my most memorable moments was at the World Series when I was eleven and played on the Texas Rattlers. The July heat was unbearable. It was the semi-final game. Sweating like a pig, we ran into the dugout for our last at-bat (上场击球); we were down one run now. I was the second hitter and captain of the team, and I was ready for this moment. In the next few seconds, I had the chance to show my strength as a hitter and my ability to be a leader under pressure by hitting a home run! We carried the day!
As the team captain, I remember the time I had to give a speech to my team because we had lost an important game. I was nervous, but I knew it was my responsibility to cheer my team up when they were cast down. This experience has shaped my mind, making me become more independent, so I’m obtaining the ability to talk like a leader in front of my team and a group. Sports get it through my head that you can’t win at everything in life all the time.
On and of the field, I am more iron-willed, disciplined (遵守纪律的) and respectful, and a better leader. I have had so many awesome experiences through sports, which have taught me much and prepared me for the future. The memories of all the trips and diverse experiences I have had will be with me for a lifetime.
1. What can we learn about the author from the first paragraph?A.He often switched sports. | B.He was a gifted child in sports. |
C.He had a busy childhood. | D.He was fond of sports from childhood. |
A.Stressed and tired. | B.Proud and confident. |
C.Unbearable and down. | D.Surprised and energetic. |
A.Leading his team to face failure. | B.Giving a speech before the team. |
C.Improving his leadership qualities. | D.Overcoming his own nervousness. |
A.Interesting Life of Sports | B.Life Lessons from Sports |
C.Deep Affection for Sports | D.Special Moments in Sports |
7 . In an era dominated by texting and messaging apps, phone calls seem to become a relic (遗物) of the past among younger generations, Gen Z in particular. A recent survey shows that a quarter of 18 to 24-year-olds refuse to pick up the phone, and over half ignore calls from their parents. Why do we find phone calls so awkward, and is avoiding them damaging our relationships?
The avoidance of phone calls isn’t just a preference; it’s a display of anxiety. Phone conversations can be awkward due to the lack of non-verbal clues. In face-to-face interactions, we rely heavily on gestures, facial expressions, and body language to interpret messages, which are absent in phone conversations. This can lead to misunderstandings and a feeling of disconnect. Additionally, the pressure to respond immediately without enough time to think, as afforded by messaging apps, can increase the anxiety associated with phone calls.
Despite the discomfort they may cause, phone conversations are an important skill. In the professional world, the ability to communicate effectively over the phone remains a critical skill. As I emphasize in my teachings and workshops, clear, confident, and real-life communication can significantly impact personal and professional success. Therefore, it’s crucial for younger generations, including Gen Z, to learn how to communicate well with others over the phone, not just for professional success but also for developing personal relationships.
Relying merely on messaging apps can have harmful effects on Gen Z’s well-being and relationships. The survey indicates a growing discomfort with direct voice communication can lead to a lack of deeper, empathetic (共情的) connections. This can potentially impact their ability to form meaningful relationships and deal with situations where direct communication like phone calls is momentous.
Moreover, as I advocate in my approach to public speaking, including emotional elements into communication enhances memorability (值得记忆) and impact. Phone conversations, with their immediate and personal nature, can develop a deeper emotional connect ion than text-based communication.
1. What can we know from paragraph 2?A.Why people are making fewer phone calls. |
B.How young men respond to phone calls. |
C.What impact can phone calls have. |
D.How much further phone calls go. |
A.Future success is mainly based on phone talks. |
B.It's vital to acquire the art of phone conversation. |
C.Learning how to communicate is the focus. |
D.Much remains to be done for better personal skills. |
A.Obvious. | B.Important. | C.Missing. | D.Temporary. |
A.An interview. | B.A book review. | C.A lecture. | D.A diary entry. |
8 . Most Popular UK Destinations for a Staycation
Looking for a cheap stay cation to brighten up your winter? Here are the most popular destinations in the UK.
Blackpool
Whether you’re seeking the thrills of Blackpool Pleasure Beach or are keen to catch a glimpse of Blackpool Tower, the city’s most appealing attraction, the seaside town offers various amazing views. It’s no wonder the town has gained 980.8 million views on TikTok. With accommodation price £75 for a night, you’ll have a golden opportunity to enjoy Blackpool's Illuminations (彩灯) display and the Seaside Trail.
Searborough
North Yorkshire’s Scarborough sees 49,500 monthly searches and 686.4 million views on TikTok. One of the local highlights is the annual St Nicholas Fair. While a one-night stay in Scarborough costs £85, the town offers holiday-makers opportunities to experience ancient British culture at the 12th-century castle ruins.
Swansea
The Welsh town sees 27,100 monthly searches and has 622.4 million views on TikTok. Swansea’s Waterfront Wonderland brings with it the Alpine Village and various amusement attractions. Spending a night here costs just 10 pounds more than in Scarborough. But if you book a week earlier, you can get a 5 percent discount in total. With Cardiff only being an hour’s drive from Swansea, you have the perfect opportunity to catch a game of ice hockey.
Bournemouth
Bournemouth isn’t called Sunny Bournemouth for nothing, as holiday-makers can enjoy breathtaking views along the Jurassic Coast. With a World Heritage Site within its borders, it’s no surprise to see this town with the high number of views on TikTok (868.3 million). A one-night stay will cost you £105, giving you the perfect opportunity to get relaxed.
1. What is the most attractive in Blackpool?A.Blackpool Pleasure Beach. | B.Blackpool Tower. |
C.The Illuminations display. | D.The Seaside Trail. |
A.£ 70. | B.£ 85. | C.£ 85.75. | D.£ 90.25. |
A.Blackpool. | B.Swansea. | C.Scarborough. | D.Boumemouth. |
1.展览的时间和地点;
2.展览的内容和意义;
3.呼吁大家积极参加。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10 . One Saturday last November, I stepped into my local library. I was about to read a book when I heard an elderly man speak to a lady. “This library will soon become a café. Everyone is reading with electronic devices,” he said. Hearing this, I wanted to shout, “I still read library books!” But my words stuck in my throat and I found teenagers around me were talking to friends or staring at their phones.
Reading online feels robotic to me. It’s like I stare at a screen and click “next” for the following page to appear until the very end of the e-book, and at the end of all of that, I just think, “That’s it?” But when I read a printed book, it’s like I’m holding on to the characters. I can imagine the plot better, as I can picture the scenes of each moment in my head with more accuracy and imagination.
Besides, some online books miss components (组成部分) that are in the printed novels. For instance, the physical copy of a fantasy novel I have read contains a map, but the e-book version does not. That is an injustice to e-book users; after reading and understanding the map, the story made a lot more sense for me, in terms of the setting and plot.
And personally, physically turning to the next page is better than clicking “next”. When reading online, I sometimes worry that I click “next” too quickly. It feels more like a race; I want to finish it because the pages just keep making that “flipping” sound and I wonder how long the book really is.
Some printed books have a special smell that makes the novel feel special to me. It’s hard to describe but I’m sure I’m not the only one that thinks so. I know I cannot convince every teen to switch from the digital book to the printed one, but maybe my writing about the difference will at least get some of them to think about it.
1. Why will the library be replaced by a café?A.Few people head for it. | B.It lacks good management. |
C.Few people read its books. | D.It holds little attraction for the youth. |
A.They include additional contents. |
B.They leave a lively impression. |
C.They have a special pleasant smell. |
D.They can improve readers’ imagination. |
A.Making her tired of reading. | B.Leading her to read aimlessly. |
C.Bringing more fun to her. | D.Stopping her digging into reading. |
A.To inspire teenagers’ interest in reading. |
B.To show advantages of printed books. |
C.To reduce the impact of electronic devices. |
D.To encourage teens to change the reading medium. |