1 . Welcome

This course explores the concepts and algorithms (算法) at the foundation of modern artificial intelligence, diving into the ideas that give rise to technologies like game-playing engines, handwriting recognition, and machine translation. Through hands-on projects, students gain exposure to the theory behind graph search algorithms, classification, and other topics in artificial intelligence and machine learning as they incorporate them into their own Python programs. By course’s end, students emerge with experience in libraries for machine learning as well as knowledge of artificial intelligence principles that enable them to design intelligent systems of their own.

Requirement

CS50x or at least one year of experience with Python.

How to Take this Course

Even if you are not a student at Harvard, you are welcome to “take” this course for free via this OpenCourseWare by working your way through the course’s seven weeks of material. If you’d like to submit the course’s seven projects for feedback, be sure to create an edX account, if you haven’t already. Ask questions along the way via any of the course’s communities!

If interested in a verified (认证的) certificate from edX enroll at cs50.edx.org/ai instead.

If interested in a professional certificate from edX, enroll at cs50.edx.org programs/ai instead.

If interested in transfer credit and accreditation from Harvard Extension School, register at web.dce.harvard.edu/extension/csci/e/80 instead.

If interested in transfer credit and accreditation from Harvard Summer School, register at web.dce.harvard.edu/summer/csci/s/80 instead.

You are free to:

Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format

Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material

1. What does the course focus on?

A．Diving into the ideas that give rise to handwriting recognition.

B．Teaching the concepts and algorithms of artificial intelligence.

C．Offering learning or teaching materials on artificial intelligence.

D．Providing students with experience in library for machine learning,

2. Who will enroll at cs50.edx.org/programs/ai?

A．A student interested in an authorized certificate from edX.

B．A student interested in a professional certificate from edX.

C．A student interested in transfer credit from Harvard Extension School.

D．A student interested in transfer credit from Harvard Summer School.

3. What can we learn from this passage?

A．Students can integrate the materials into their own program.

B．Teachers can use the course’s materials without restriction.

C．Any student without related experience can take this course.

D．Students must create a new edX account for taking the course.

2 . Self-learning can help you develop important skills and gain valuable knowledge. Understanding strategies for self-learning is important. They can help you study new concepts with ease.     1    .

Determine your learning style. People often prefer to learn new information or a new skill using varied approaches.     2     by exploring different learning styles and understanding your own learning process.

Find a purpose. Determine what you want to learn about and why you want to be a self-learner.     3    . Then, consider reflecting on how it might affect your life right now and how you might plan to use it in the future. For instance, if you plan to learn fiction writing, you can decide whether you’re interested in seeking a publishing career or maintaining it as a hobby.

    4    . This can help you focus your efforts. It may be helpful to choose specific options, so you can optimize (优化) the steps of your self-learning process. For example, if you’re practicing a programming language like HTML, you can make a goal to design your own website with certain functions using the knowledge you’ve learned.

Determine a schedule. To create an effective plan, it may be helpful to create an agenda for your self-learning sessions.     5     and estimate how long each task might take to complete. Depending on your preferences, you can plan your sessions using a physical notebook, an informal to-do list or spreadsheet software.

A．Assess your strengths

B．Be sure to set reasonable goals

C．Identify a skill set you’re interested in learning

D．Here’re some tips for effective self-learning practices

E．Consider giving yourself a set of achievable deadlines

F．You can find the most useful methods and techniques for yourself

G．Having a specific goal can also help you set accurate self-learning sessions

3 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What’s the girl’s trouble?

A．She can’t find a suitable job.

B．She wants to go to college but her parents don’t agree.

C．She can’t decide whether to go to university or get a job.

2. What might the girl do in the end?

A．Go to university.

B．Look for a job.

C．Study at home and depend on her parents.

4 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. How many languages does Saint Mary’s school teach now?

A．4.

B．3.

C．5.

2. Which of the following isn’t mentioned about the program?

A．China offers books.

B．China sends some teachers.

C．China partly pays teachers in the school.

3. How many American schools and universities join the program?

A．More than 15.

B．About 40.

C．Over 50.

4. What can we infer in the talk in the United States?

A．Fewer people study Chinese.

B．It is short of various teachers.

C．More and more people learn Chinese.

6 . AP at a Glance

Get an Overview of the AP Program

The Advanced Placement ® Program (AP) enables willing and academically-prepared students to pursue college-level studies while they are still in high school. The program develops college-level courses that high schools can choose to offer and corresponding AP exams that are administered once a year.

Fast Facts

·AP courses are available in seven subject categories.

·Each AP course is modeled on a comparable introductory college course in the subject.

·Each course comes to an end in a standardized college-level assessment or an AP exam.

·AP exams are given in May each year at testing locations all over the world.

·Schools must be authorized by the AP Course Audit to offer approved AP courses and use the “AP” designation (名称).

Advantages

Taking AP courses and exams can help students:

·Stand out on college applications. AP courses on a student’s transcript (学生成绩报告单) show that they’ve challenged themselves with the strictest courses available to them. And success on an AP exam shows that they’re ready for college-level coursework.

·Earn college credits and skip introductory courses in college. Most four-year colleges and universities in the United States, as well as many institutions in more than 100 other countries, grant students’ credit, placement, or both for qualifying AP exam scores.

1. Who are suitable to apply for the program?

A．Middle school teachers.

B．High school students.

C．Program designers.

D．Company administrators.

2. What should the students do to finish a course?

A．Study seven reports.

B．Earn enough credits.

C．Take a relevant exam.

D．Use the “AP” designation.

3. What benefit can the qualified students get from the program?

A．Getting a high school transcript sooner.

B．More foreign universities to be chosen from.

C．Studying more introductory courses in college.

D．Higher possibility of being admitted to a university.

7 . 2024 年 8 月 15 日是第二个“全国生态日（National Ecology Day）”，你校目前正为此筹备各种活动。假如你是李华，你的好朋友 Alan 对此非常好奇。请你给他写一封回信，要点如下：
1.介绍活动；
2.你的看法；
3.欢迎他参加。
注意：
1. 词数 80 词左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Alan,

I’m excited to tell you about the campus activities to celebrate the second National Ecology Day on August 15, 2024.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Best regards,

Li Hua

8 . Directions: After reading the passage belows fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Though a student’s complaint that a question is too hard might be more a matter of effort than ability, it is true       1    some questions are just harder than others. The difficulty of a question or assignment comes down to the level of critical thinking it requires.

        Simple skills such as identifying a state capital are quick and easy to assess, while complex skills such as the construction of a hypothesis are more difficult     2    (quantify). Bloom’s taxonomy(认知分类)     3    be used to make the process of categorizing questions by difficulty easier and more straightforward.

Blooms taxonomy is a long-standing cognitive framework that categorizes critical reasoning in order to help educators set more well-    4    (define) learning goals. Benjamin Bloom,     5     American educational psychologist, developed this pyramid to define levels of critical thinking required by a task. Since its inception in the 1950s and revision in 2001, Bloom’s Taxonomy     6     (give)teachers a common vocabulary for naming specific skills required for proficiency.

There are six levels in the taxonomy that each     7    (represent) distinct levels of abstraction. The bottom level includes the most basic cognition and the     8    (high) level includes the most intellectual and complicated thinking. The idea behind this theory is that students cannot be successful in applying higher-order thinking to a topic     9    they have first mastered a ladder of rudimentary tasks.

The goal of education is to create thinkers and doers. Bloom’s taxonomy gives a path to follow from the beginning of a concept or skill to its end, or to the point       10    students can think creatively about a topic and solve problems for themselves. Learn to incorporate all levels of the framework into your teaching and lesson plans in order to scaffold(提供支架) the learning that your students are doing.

10 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I was an average student in my early elementary years. I came home with a steady flow of B’s, C’s and the occasional F’s in second language subjects. I was told that I wasn’t applying myself and, as every report card I ever brought home clearly stated, I talked too much.

I didn’t write when I was supposed to write. I talked to others while the teacher was giving instructions. That I could recite what she had said to the class while I was talking was not helpful because I had a negative effect on my classmates’ learning. So I regularly brought home disappointing report cards.

My parents and my teachers didn’t know what to do with me. Punishments didn’t seem to work. Rewards didn’t seem to either. And, frankly, I don’t think I knew what I could do to “apply myself”. And I certainly didn’t know how to not enjoy talking with my classmates! What I knew was that I talked too much. Until grade 5.

That autumn, we had a sudden change in teachers as our elderly teacher took a medical leave. In his place, a young substitute (代课老师) arrived — Mrs Royal. She looked like she was freshly out of university and seemed too young to be cast in the role of being responsible for a class of tween, but there she was, charged with a lively group, and me.

I don’t remember many details of that year except the afternoon when I got my first report card from her. She handed out the report cards right after the afternoon break and invited us to look them over. Then she let us know that we could all talk quietly amongst ourselves while she called each student up one at a time, in alphabetical order (按字母顺序), to discuss our report cards with her.

注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I looked over my report card, expecting the usual result.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Then it was my turn to talk with her.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________