1 . While often seen as a negative (消极的) emotion, anger can also be a powerful motivator (促进因素) for people to achieve challenging goals in their lives, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.

“People often believe that a state of happiness is perfect,” said lead author Heather Lench, PhD, a professor in the department of psychologcal and brain sciences at Texas A & M University, “but previous research suggests that a mix of emotions, including negative emotions like anger, results in good outcomes.”

The functionalist theory of emotion suggests that all emotions, good or bad, are reactions to events within a person’s environment and help that person to make proper actions, according to Lench. For example, sadness may suggest that a person needs to seek help or emotional support, while anger may indicate a person needs to take action to overcome an obstacle (障碍).

To better understand the role of anger in achieving goals, researchers conducted a series of experiments involving more than 1,000 participants and analyzed survey data from more than 1,400 respondents. In each experiment, participants either had an emotional response (such as anger, amusement, desire or sadness) or a neutral (中性的) emotional state, and then were presented with a challenging goal. Across all the experiments, anger improved people’s ability to reach their goals compared with a neutral condition in a variety of challenging situations.

“Our research adds to the growing evidence that a mix of positive and negative emotions promotes well-being, and that using negative emotions as tools can be particularly effective in some situations,” Lench said.

1. What is commonly believed concerning people’s emotions?

A．It is believed that a state of joy is great.

B．A feeling of sadness leads to poor effect.

C．Anger is actually a positive emotion.

D．Pride acts as an obstacle to success.

2. Why did researchers do a seres of experiments?

A．They hoped to overturn the previous findings.

B．They hoped to prove that a state of happiness is ideal.

C．They hoped to find the relationship between positive and negative emotions.

D．They hoped to have a better understanding of the role of anger in attaining goals.

3. What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．The problem of the research.	B．The background of the research.
C．The process of the research.	D．The significance of the research.

4. What’s Lench’s attitude to their research?

A．Skeptical.

B．Favorable.

C．Uncaring.

D．Critical.

2 . Like many people, public speaking once filled me with fear As a writer, I felt much more ________ expressing myself on the page, rather than on the ________. Strangely, I found that the feelings of ________ to be perfectly tolerable; ________, I was concerned with the ways that others would perceive my nervous energy. A slight change of ________, the unconscious biting of my lip — I assured that I’d be ________ for any nom-verbal signal that showed my lack of ________. I was experiencing anxiety about my anxiety—consequences that made the whole task feel much more ________.

You might have ________ this yourself before a job interview or important work meeting in front of senior colleagues. And the more you try to ________ your feelings, the more obvious they appear to others.

According to a striking new study, however, these concerns may be ________. Jamie Whitehouse, a research fellow at Nottingham Trent University in the UK, has shown that visible signs of stress are often ________, leaving others more likely to like us and treat us ________. If so, then we need not try so hard to ________ a calm-and-collected poker face, safe in the knowledge that people will relate well to our ________.

1.

A．anxious

B．comfortable

C．cautious

D．hesitant

2.

A．exam room

B．video call

C．stage center

D．teacher’s desk

3.

A．burden

B．loneliness

C．conflict

D．anxiety

4.

A．besides

B．instead

C．therefore

D．otherwise

5.

A．voice

B．appearance

C．attitude

D．routine

6.

A．paused

B．rejected

C．assessed

D．warned

7.

A．knowledge

B．experience

C．process

D．confidence

8.

A．astonishing

B．terrifying

C．pressing

D．confusing

9.

A．noticed

B．refreshed

C．mentioned

D．supposed

10.

A．permit

B．declare

C．hide

D．deserve

11.

A．practical

B．inaccurate

C．unpredictable

D．unnecessary

12.

A．appealing

B．annoying

C．frustrating

D．convincing

13.

A．warmly

B．apparently

C．curiously

D．casually

14.

A．remind

B．require

C．wander

D．maintain

15.

A．attention

B．expectation

C．emotions

D．appreciation

3 . It’s all right to cry. Really. Although it’s often seen as a sign of weakness, crying can be just what the doctor ordered for sorting through chaotic(混乱的)emotions and cheering up.

Our general disapproval of emotional expression and crying specifically stems from childhood, said Stephen Sideroff, an assistant professor. As kids, we’re often taught to restrain(抑制)our emotions. Maybe you remember being teased in elementary school for crying when you were hurt. Many of us learned there were feelings, such as anger or resentment, that we shouldn’t have or express. As children grow into adulthood, we gradually learn to regulate our feelings. So what, you might say? Who cares? But we don’t hold emotions in only our heads, Sideroff said. We store them in our bodies, too.

Holding back your feelings can hurt. “These feelings have energy,” Sideroff explained. “You (then) have to restrain them in different ways.” That interferes with natural processes and creates imbalances since the body’s need is still there. If you’re sad or hurt or angry, you need to find something to resolve that imbalance. If you don’t, you might express those imbalanced feelings in inappropriate ways—like lashing out at(猛烈抨击)your family or friends. Emotional restraint can limit our ability to experience positive feelings, such as joy and love, as well.

Generally, the three types of tears include emotional tears, which result from strong feelings such as joy or sadness. Basal tears lubricate(润滑)your eyes. Reflex tears release when dust or onion oxides annoy your eyes. Humans are the only animals who cry into adulthood and have emotional tears.

People often report feeling better after they cry. That could be because crying forces us to pay attention to what triggered(触发)us and work through our emotions and thoughts. Crying might also help in understanding what’s important to us, especially if we cry over something that upsets us unexpectedly.

1. Which of the following is Stephen’s idea?

A．Emotions are created by the chaos.

B．Emotions are stored only in our heads.

C．Emotional restraint originates from childhood.

D．Emotional restraint develops positive feelings.

2. What does the underlined word “resentment” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Joy.

B．Bitterness.

C．Satisfaction.

D．Disappointment.

3. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A．The characteristics of crying.	B．The functions of tears.
C．The classification of tears.	D．The results of crying.

4. How would the author feel about the outcome of crying?

A．It’s doubtful.	B．It’s unexpected.
C．It’s discouraging.	D．It’s beneficial.

4 . Work - related anxiety can have a harmful effect on some people. Anxiety at higher levels can leave some people feeling defeated by their work tasks, to the point they freeze.     1    .

Check in with yourself regularly

Some people get well caught up with their daily responsibilities. So they don’t consider whether the level of anxiety they feel is proportional (成比例的) to whatever situation they’re worried about.     2    , get something to drink or take a short break, and ask yourself: “How am I doing?” “Am I stressed?” Being aware that the times your anxiety level is rising can warm you that it's time to use stress - managing strategies.

Accept uncomfortable feelings

    3    , accept that they’ll pass. Accept that you won’t know everything about your new job right away. Some helpful things to say to yourself in this situation might include “I’ve learned new jobs before and it's turned out alright”, and “I should give myself some time to adjust before assuming this won’t work.”

Get up and move

It’s common to feel like your body is filled with extra energy when you’re anxious. That can create cognitive (认知的) disagreement.     4    . Even a small amount of exercise can improve your mood.

Seek help from your employee assistance program

If you’ve tried various relaxation techniques and still aren’t able to shake continuous anxiety, it may be time to seek help.     5    . And consider using your company’s employee assistance program as a resource. Many employers have such programs to put you in touch with the right mental health professional.

A．When you’re hungry, angry or tired

B．Every time you stand up from your chair

C．Using unhealthy options is a bad approach

D．If you’re feeling restless, go for a walk around

E．Rather than try to deny uncomfortable feelings

F．Talk to trusted friends, relatives and spiritual leaders

G．Fortunately, there are strategies for coping with this stress

5 . Mrs. Hill was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the eighth grade. She wasn’t my teacher but I loved being around her and enjoyed her kindness. She was also a good Listener.

At the end of the year, she was moving to Florida, and I was sad. We exchanged addresses and became pen friends. I could tell her anything, and she treated me with respect even though I was a Schoolboy.

In Florida, Mrs. Hill became a lawyer, but she managed to find time to write me letters. She wrote amusing stories and always took my concerns seriously. She had given me an invitation to visit. I accepted it immediately, I spent three weeks with her in Miami. Her love of music and creative writing inspired me.

Two years later, Mrs. Hill surprised me by attending my high school graduation ceremony. Later that year, my family decided to spend Christmas in Florida and I couldn’t wait to see her again. When I arrived at her house, I had hoped to talk to her about school, but instead she was in a hospital bed. She had cancer. A month after we got back home, we were shocked to hear that Mrs. Hill had passed away.

To this day, more than 50 years later, whenever I read her letters again, thinking about the advice she gave me, I still remember the importance of her smile and her friendship. For me, she is a respected teacher forever!

1. Why did the writer feel sad in the eighth grade?

A．Mrs. Hill wasn't his English teacher.	B．Mrs. Hill was moving to Florida.
C．Mrs. Hill never wrote to him.	D．Mrs. Hill became a lawyer.

2. How long did the writer stay with Mrs. Hill in Miami?

A．Three weeks.

B．A month.

C．One year.

D．Two years.

3. In Miami, the writer was inspired by ________.

A．stories told by Mrs. Hill	B．The graduation ceremony
C．the exchange of their addresses	D．Mrs Hill’s love of music and creative writing

4. What does the underlined phrase “passed away” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．Died.

B．Recovered.

C．Got back.

D．Gone out.

5. What would be the best title for the text?

A．A Visiting Invitation	B．A Successful Lawyer
C．Skills of Making Pen Friends	D．Memories of a Respected Teacher