1 . The nature of compassion fatigue (同情疲劳) means that many working in traditional care-giving roles are likely to experience its symptoms. This includes first responders, medical professionals, social workers, journalists, and lawyers specializing in family law or criminal law.
Kelli Collins, a licensed family therapist, remarks “Think about muscle fatigue—if you work out too hard, your muscles might simply give out. In the same way, compassion fatigue means your ability to offer compassion to others is dramatically affected.”
Collins herself experienced compassion fatigue as a young therapist working in a community mental health setting, where she “had the strong desire to help” but quickly realized some things were out of her “rang of influence”. She felt herself becoming easily annoyed with loved ones, sleeping very little, and fantasizing about changing careers. It was an overwhelming time, during which she felt she was failing her clients.
“I thought that by giving endless compassion to my clients, I was ‘leaving it all on the field’. In fact, bearing the responsibility for my clients’ pain without consideration for my own needs and limits meant that I wasn’t a particularly effective therapist,” she says.
Lynne Hughes, who founded Comfort Zone in 1999 and now serves as CEO, lost both her parents as a child, experiencing first-hand the lack of resources and support for grieving children. Hughes expresses similar feelings about the challenge of compassion fatigue, stressing the importance of looking inward.
“Suffering from compassion fatigue does not mean you’re bad at helping or caring, it only means the scale between caring for others and caring for yourself is no longer balanced,” she says. “When you’re in a role where you’re nurturing and caring for others — it’s crucial to extend that nurture and care to yourself so that ‘your well’ does not run dry.”
But both Hughes and Collins emphasize that it’s not only traditional caregivers who experience compassion fatigue. “It is applicable to anyone in a caring role,” says Hughes, while Collins believes it is a uniquely human condition, occupational or not.
1. Why does Collins mention the muscle fatigue?A.To describe she is in a bad mood. |
B.To show she is eager to give a hand. |
C.To suggest she has limited pity for others. |
D.To explain she is much tired of her customers. |
A.Care for yourself while caring for others. |
B.Compassion fatigue has nothing to do with career. |
C.Those with compassion fatigue are poor at helping. |
D.Shy persons always tend to suffer compassion fatigue. |
A.Pity. | B.Nurture. | C.Symptoms. | D.Occupation. |
A.By giving examples. | B.By quoting arguments. |
C.By making comparisons. | D.By analyzing reasons and causes. |
2 . As bad as it feels, anxiety is essential. It’s awful, but imagine not having it? Imagine the state of our lives and relationships if we don’t have that little feeling inside us going, “Ah, don’t go there. Don’t do that.”
Name things that make you feel safe
If you’re feeling anxious, ask yourself, “What are some things that help me feel safer?”
Try naming five things you can hear, taste, touch, smell or feel. You can also try washing your face with cold water. Smelling something strong can help too. These strategies help activate the parasympathetic nervous system (副交感神经系统),which can allow the body to relax.
Acknowledge your physical sensations
Naming how you feel physically when anxious can help dial down the intensity. For example, let’s say you feel anxiety in your stomach.
A.Use your senses to relieve yourself. |
B.Describe your pain to your physician. |
C.Notice you feel like it’s on fire and it’s tight. |
D.Thus, your physical sufferings will be greatly relieved. |
E.Anxiety is how our body can signal to us when we’re in danger. |
F.That way, the part of your brain responsible for logic can come back online. |
G.It could be a person you feel comfortable around or a TV show you love rewatching. |
3 . In 1980, Dad was diagnosed(诊断) with a serious disease. The disease
“Oh, you know, dear, the same. They treat me like a mushroom around here. They keep me in the dark.” He laughed, proud of his
As I walked through the kitchen, I stopped to hug Mom. She
Care-giving comes at a
A.affected | B.connected | C.gathered | D.improved |
A.used | B.hated | C.agreed | D.had |
A.happy | B.crazy | C.curious | D.normal |
A.beat | B.scare | C.refuse | D.hug |
A.information | B.joy | C.humour | D.protest |
A.held | B.washed | C.nodded | D.shook |
A.help | B.enjoy | C.challenge | D.remind |
A.leaving | B.continuing | C.chatting | D.complaining |
A.short | B.bad | C.deep | D.last |
A.heard from | B.trapped in | C.figured out | D.checked on |
A.Gradually | B.Typically | C.Thankfully | D.Regularly |
A.awarded | B.identified | C.fancied | D.appreciated |
A.price | B.ceremony | C.time | D.distance |
A.care | B.independence | C.laughter | D.energy |
A.permission | B.love | C.response | D.honesty |
4 . Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.
●
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “
A.Find your causes |
B.Start with small tasks |
C.Accept the uncomfortable |
D.All this adds up to a state of hurry |
E.It can also help us practice more patience |
F.This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable |
G.They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience |
5 . COVID-19 changed a lot—how we socialized, where we went, and even what work looked like. A new study shows the pandemic (流行病) may have changed our personalities as well.
Psychologists have long believed that a person’s characters stayed pretty much the same, even in the wake of stressful events. But by looking at pre-pandemic levels of neuroticism (神经质), extraversion (外向), openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness (勤奋而细心) and comparing that to data collected in 2021 and 2022, researchers found clear personality changes among the United States population.
“The pandemic was an opportunity to see how a collective stressful event may impact personality,” said lead study author Angelina Sutin, a professor of medicine at Florida State University.
Extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness all declined in the US population in the years following the start of the pandemic, particularly in young adults, according to the study, published Wednesday in the journal PLOS One.
Why were younger adults more impacted? We don’t know for sure, Sutin said, but there are theories. “Personality is less stable in young adults. Then at the same time, the pandemic disturbed what young adults are supposed to be doing. They’re supposed to be in school or starting their careers. Then, everything was changed. However, the results didn’t hold true for each person.”
Researchers examined the data through the five-factor model, which hypothesizes (提出假说) that the various personality characters can come down to five important qualities: neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness.
Over the entire population they examined, researchers found a declining trend in neuroticism in 2020, but the changes were small. Once they took 2021 and 2022 data into account, researchers saw a more significant decrease in extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness. Neuroticism also increased over this time. That is especially significant considering how important those characters are, Sutin said. For example, conscientiousness is important for academic and work outcomes, as well as relationship and physical health, she added.
1. How do researchers get their study results?A.By comparing data collected in different periods. |
B.By collecting data from different people. |
C.By making experiments in a university. |
D.By building a five-factor model. |
A.Personality is more stable in old adults. |
B.The study results hold true for every person. |
C.Younger adults are less impacted during the pandemic. |
D.American people are more likely to be influenced. |
A.Neuroticism. | B.Extraversion. |
C.Openness. | D.Conscientiousness. |
A.Pandemic Has a Great Impact on People’s Life |
B.Young Adults Adapted Quickly During the Pandemic |
C.Different Personality Characters Influence Social Relationships |
D.People Experienced Personality Changes During the Pandemic |
6 . My husband gave me a surprise gift for Christmas-a gift that, at the time, seemed odd. It was a little, a cute, colourful bird, conure(锥尾鹦鹉). She liked biting at first, but she quickly became the sweetest little creature, and she
Before I would never have
I was overwhelmed. I cried all the way to the vet to
When I turned around to leave, I was
A.brightened up | B.flew away | C.dropped by | D.got up |
A.set | B.imagined | C.enjoyed | D.kept |
A.covered | B.showed | C.wrapped | D.gathered |
A.Generally | B.Particularly | C.Ridiculously | D.Unfortunately |
A.learning | B.struggling | C.managing | D.expecting |
A.ill | B.cheerful | C.active | D.willing |
A.left | B.hid | C.made | D.lived |
A.missed | B.lost | C.sold | D.trained |
A.feed | B.attend | C.raise | D.collect |
A.brought | B.bought | C.threw | D.fought |
A.spots | B.colours | C.tears | D.signs |
A.upset | B.frightened | C.nervous | D.surprised |
A.apology | B.sympathy | C.welcome | D.passion |
A.broke down | B.caught on | C.spoke out | D.woke up |
A.believed | B.recognized | C.needed | D.doubted |
7 . Developing an optimistic outlook can be good for both your physical and mental health. Here are some ways to make thinking positive thoughts easy.
●Spend time with positive people
If you surround yourself with constant complainers, their negativity is likely to rub off on you. Spend time with positive friends and family members to increase the likelihood that their positive thinking habits will become yours too.
●Recognize and replace negative thoughts
You won’t be successful at positive thinking, if you’re still stuck in frequent negative thoughts.
●Consider the consequences of negativity
Spend some time thinking about the consequences of negative thinking.
●Create a daily gratitude list
If you start keeping a daily gratitude list, you’ll start noticing exactly how much you have to be thankful for.
●Look for silver lining
When something bad happens, look for the silver lining.
A.Often, it can become a self-fulfilling prediction |
B.This will help you look for the good in other people. |
C.Learn how to surround yourself with positive people. |
D.Your past mistakes are not there for you to hold on to. |
E.This means looking for the positive side of a negative event. |
F.Learn to recognize and replace thoughts that are overly negative. |
G.Generate ideas on limiting the time you spend with negative people |
8 . When reading, my mother likes to slice a paragraph or a sentence out and attach it to the wall of her kitchen. She picks boring sentences that puzzle me. But I prefer copying favorite bright lines into a journal in soft, gray No. 2 pencil, word by word.
She doesn’t know any of this. There's nothing shocking: for our chatting. we seldom begin certain conversations though we talk on the phone weekly, sometimes making each other laugh so hard that I choke and she cries. But what we don't say could fill up rooms. Fights with my father. Small failures in school. Anything that really upsets us.
My mother has never told me “I love you, Lisa.”—as if the four-word absence explains who I am—so I carry it with me, like a label on me. The last time she almost spoke the words was two years ago, when she called to tell me a friend had been in hospital. I said, “I love you, Mom.” She stopped for a while and then said, “Thank you.” I haven't said it since, but I've wondered why my mother doesn't until I've found a poem that supplies words for the blank spaces I try to understand in our conversations:
Don’t fill up on bread. I say absent-mindedly. The servings here are huge.
My son, middle-aged, says: Did you really just say that to me?
What he doesn’t know is that when we’re walking together, I desire to reach for his hand.
It's humble, yet heartbreaking. After copying it down in my journal, I emailed it to mom, adding “This poem makes me think of you.” My mother doesn’t read poetry—or at least, she doesn’t tell me, and I felt nervous clicking “Send”.
She never mentioned the poem. But the next time I went home for vacation, I noticed something new in the kitchen fixed to an antique board: the poem. The board hung above the heater, the warmest spot in the kitchen. The poem still hangs there. Neither my mother nor I have ever spoken about it.
1. What's the function of paragraph 1?A.To stress the theme. | B.To establish the setting. |
C.To represent the characters. | D.To create the atmosphere. |
A.Shaky. | B.Distant. | C.Reserved. | D.Intense. |
A.It reminded her of mom's love. |
B.She wanted to apologize to mom. |
C.It suited mom's taste of literature. |
D.She needed an interpretation from mom. |
A.A memory of golden days. |
B.Daughter’s gratefulness to her. |
C.A decoration in the plain kitchen. |
D.Daughter's understanding of her. |
9 . Mindfulness meditation(冥想) is a practice used to achieve mental quiet and a sense of calm. It is a series of steps used to encourage reflection and deep breathing and to increase self-awareness.
A mindfulness meditation course may be as effective at reducing anxiety as a common medication(药物), according to a new study. The research, published on November 9 in JAMA Psychiatry, involved a group of 276 adults with untreated anxiety disorders. Half of the patients were randomly selected to take 10 to 20mg of escitalopram, the generic form of Lexapro, a common medication used to treat anxiety and depression. The other half were assigned to an eight-week course in mindfulness-based stress reduction. The results were stunning: Both groups experienced about a 20% reduction in their anxiety symptoms over the eight-week period.
The patients assigned to the meditation group were asked to attend a mindfulness meditation group class in-person once a week. Each class was around two-and-a-half hours long and held at a local clinic. They were also asked to meditate on their own for around 40 minutes per day. Hoge, the lead author on the study, compared the time commitment to “taking an exercise class or an art class”.
But according to Joseph Arpaia, an Oregon-based psychiatrist specializing in mindfulness and meditation, the daily time commitment is likely too much for many patients dealing with anxiety.
Arpaia says that he has worked to find less time-intensive mindfulness methods to help patients manage their anxiety. One technique he teaches is called a “one-breath reset” that helps patients calm themselves over the course of a single breath.
But despite his reservations, “It’s always interesting to see meditation work, and it works as well as medication,” he said. “My hope would be that people realize that there are things other than medication that can work.”
“My other hope would be that they realize that if sitting and following your breath makes you feel relaxed, great, but it doesn’t make everyone feel relaxed. Find something that does. Read a book, go for a walk, spend time gardening,” he said.
1. What’s the main feature of mindfulness meditation?A.It works in removing anxiety. | B.It makes people’s mind empty. |
C.It drives people to keep calm. | D.It focuses on thoughts and awareness. |
A.Its result is hard to understand. |
B.Its participants should attend courses face to face. |
C.Its function is like an exercise class or an art class. |
D.Its participants are divided into two equal groups freely. |
A.Objective. | B.Skeptical. | C.Conservative. | D.Approving. |
A.They learn more about meditation. |
B.They can bring a “one-breath reset” into focus. |
C.They choose a proper way to relax besides meditation. |
D.They can read books to develop mind instead of medication. |
I still remember the day when we decorated the house, I was ten and it was two weeks before Christmas. I was looking forward to my presents. Since I’m the youngest in the family, all of the family members would give me a gift one way or another. Sometimes it was a cookie or a hug but it was always there. I was the only center of attention and it was feeling good.
My uncles usually would ask me what I wanted before Christmas and that year I knew what I wanted. It was the spaceship I saw in the ads. I was dreaming of opening a big gift box, and it was there. But that year it came in a way that I wasn’t expecting.
It was two weeks before Christmas. Just two weeks. She couldn’t wait. My dear mother told my father that it was time, and then we went to the hospital. After an hour, they told me that I had a sister now. But I didn’t want a sister. I wanted a spaceship. The next few days went so fast. No one was caring about me. Everyone was talking about her and I knew that my life is never going to be the same ever again. I wasn’t ready to grow up, to be a big brother. But it just happened in an instant.
On the day before Christmas, everyone was in our home, talking only about my newborn sister. My family was becoming hers. Even my uncles didn’t ask me anything about the gift. She stole everything I’d ever had, my life and my presents. Thinking about this, I cried to sleep. I had a nightmare (噩梦) and woke up at the middle of the night. Shadows were all around me, and I was defenseless and so weak. I ran into my parents’ bedroom but couldn’t wake up my poor parents who were just too worn out. I was standing near their bed, trying not to cry when I saw her. She was awake and looking at me with her big eyes in her small bed.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly a long shadow came into the bedroom and she started crying.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After having comforted her, something slowly changed inside me.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________