1 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is Jim?

A．A chemist.

B．A dentist.

C．An eye doctor.

2. Why does the woman need a new pair of glasses?

A．The old ones are broken.

B．Her eyesight becomes poorer.

C．She wants to look much smarter.

2 . Chinese researchers have revealed the anti-cancer characteristic of neutrophils (中性粒细胞) — a type of white blood cells—and the related molecular regulation mechanism, providing new insights into cancer diagnosis and treatment. The discovery, made by researchers at the Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection under the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Fudan University, was published in Cell on Tuesday.

Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells in the human body. As the first line of defence against infections, they play a key role in anti-infection immunity. The researchers collected neutrophils from 143 patients with 17 different types of cancer and analyzed them. They revealed that neutrophils can adopt at least 10 highly specialized and distinct functional states related to inflammation (炎症) , blood vessel formation and—most excitingly—presenting antigens (抗体) to activate powerful cancer-killing T cells.

“We were surprised to find such complexity and different roles within neutrophils, which have been ignored for so long,” said Zhang Xiaoming, a researcher at the Institute. “What is especially remarkable is their newly discovered capacity to act as antigen-presenting cells, gathering T cells against cancer. In addition, the abundance of antigen-presenting neutrophils is associated with improved condition across many cancer types revealed in this study,” he said.

“This completely changes how we perceive neutrophils in the context of cancer,” said Gao Qiang, a professor at Fudan University. “Now we know we could employ the diverse hidden identities of neutrophils to strengthen the effectiveness of immunotherapy (免疫疗法). We’re thrilled to further explore the potential benefits of these newly uncovered mechanisms in clines.”

The study emphasizes the value of single-cell sequencing approaches to reveal new functional dimension even within seemingly well-understood immune cells. Tapping into the hidden potential of neutrophils may provide new insights into cancer diagnosis and treatment.

1. How was the anti-cancer function of neutrophils discovered?

A．By referring to previous research.

B．By collecting and analyzing data.

C．By seeking guidance from experts.

D．By observing patients with inflammation.

2. Which of the following is a function of neutrophils?

A．Getting together T cells when needed.

B．Preventing the formation of antigens.

C．Speeding up the blood flow.

D．Distinguishing different types of cancer.

3. What’s Gao Qiang’s attitude towards the new research?

A．Positive.

B．Doubtful.

C．Worried.

D．Unclear.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Blood Cells Successfully Fight Against Severe Cancer

B．China Makes Great Progress in Fighting Against Diseases

C．Further Research Is Needed to Fight Against Cancer

D．Researchers Discover New Cancer-fighting Mechanism

3 . Late last month a team of researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine transplanted a genetically modified pig heart into a person — the second such surgery ever attempted — and it has kept him alive for the past few weeks.

The patient, 58-year-old Lawrence Faucette, underwent the highly experimental procedure under a “compassionate use” pathway, in which the U.S. Food and Drug Administration permits an unapproved therapy when a person is seriously ill or dying and has no other options available. Faucette was not eligible for a conventional human heart transplant because he had peripheral vascular disease and other complications, which narrowed the outlook for success.

By mid-October, Faucette was continuing to recover. “He’s had a rough time,” however, Bartley Griffith, a surgeon who performed Faucette’s procedure as well as the previous one, said at that time. According to Griffith, Faucette was living at home when the FDA first approved the surgery, but he was subsequently hospitalized with fluid in his lungs. Then he suffered a cardiac arrest the night before the surgery. Still, he had so far responded well to the transplant.

More than 100,000 people are waiting for an organ transplant, so researchers have long been exploring xenotransplantation (异种器官移植): transplanting other species’ organs into humans. To prevent the human immune system from attacking these alien organs, scientists have begun to breed genetically modified donor pigs that lack certain genes or have other genes added.

In the past couple of years, pig xenotransplants have been tested in both nonhuman primates and deceased humans — but the ultimate goal is to conduct human clinical trials on a bigger scale. The results of the recent compassionate use transplant will likely influence the FDA’s consideration of whether and when to allow such trials to take place. Many researchers hope this could happen in the next year or two.

“We took a pretty good swing at the ball the first time, and we got very close to a prolonged success, we think,” Griffith says. Although there were some unforeseen circumstances in that first xenotransplant, his team and others have developed better methods to test for these conditions.

1. Why did Faucette undergo the pig-to-human heart transplant?

A．Because he was seriously ill and there was no better options.

B．Because the pig heart fits well in human body.

C．Because FDA has long approved such transplant.

D．Because the surgery has been applied in medical treatment already.

2. What do we know about the transplant according to paragraph 3?

A．Faucette highly praises the surgery.

B．Faucette responds well to the alien organ.

C．Faucette has suffered a lot after the transplant.

D．Faucette experienced cardic arrest after the surgery.

3. What method was put forward to prevent human immune system from attacking the alien organs?

A．The FDA is taking great care on human clinical trials.

B．The patients will receive the best of care after the transplant.

C．The human immune system is greatly changed before the transplant.

D．Scientists modified the donor pig’s genes or added other genes before breeding it.

4. What’s scientists’ attitudes towards pig xenotrasplants?

A．Skeptical.

B．Neutral.

C．Supportive.

D．Indifferent.

4 . First Aid

We all know how important human life is — it’s priceless. It doesn’t matter where you are from or what the colour of your skin is — all people are human beings. Firstly, we can tell you that the lives of your relatives could depend on your ability to give first aid.     1    , this website is for you! Here you can find information about first aid.

The very first thing that you should do when you see an accident is to evaluate the situation and prevent further dangerous incidents. First of all, you have to recognize what has happened and what the dangers to rescuers and victims are. Think about how to take care of the victims.

Helping usually takes place in very difficult conditions and injuries can be very bad.     2    . Sometimes you have to face the fact that regardless of your actions and your efforts the victim’s condition might not improve — he or she could even die.     3    . If you have done everything you think you should do, you shouldn’t feel guilty.

    4    . Giving first aid can be dangerous. While trying to help a victim, do not forget about your own safety. If something happens to you, you won’t be able to help anyone.

    5    . But remember if a victim faints due to breathing failure caused by drowning, choking or poisoning, you should first take actions that help to bring back the heart beat and breathing. While calling, talk briefly but clearly. Always provide the following information: the location of the accident, the kind of accident, the number of the injured and your full name and phone number and so on.

A．Therefore, you cannot be too afraid of making mistakes to help

B．If you think highly of human’s life

C．Because first aid is vital

D．Do not expose yourself to danger

E．Call for help after you find out the condition of a victim

F．In some cases even professional medical aid may not succeed

G．Be careful about whether or not to give first aid

5 . Thinking about adopting a healthy lifestyle? Congratulations! There are so many reasons for adopting a healthy lifestyle. Here are some tips to help you get started with your new habits.

Before you begin, ask yourself some questions, what are your reasons for thinking about a healthier lifestyle?     1     Your why should reflect your values and what’s important to you. Knowing your specific why will help you to not just get started, but will help keep you focused and motivated as it guides your journey.

Focus on behaviors, not results.     2     But switching your focus from outcomes to the new habits you’re creating and actions you’re taking is more beneficial. It’s actually some daily health-promoting behaviors that will create change and can lead to the health outcomes you desire.

    3     Remember Rome wasn’t built in a day! And things like your eating habits, cooking skills, athletic abilities, and more won’t change overnight. This is also why you don’t need a long list telling you everything you need to stop doing. You just need to take the first step.

Remember it’s not all or nothing. A healthy lifestyle is never all or nothing.     4     So focus on eating foods and creating habits that make you feel good.

Can you do it forever? One of the most important things to ask yourself when building healthy habits is, “Can you do it for life?” Sure, you could probably stick to a diet for a short period, but can you see yourself doing that forever?     5    

A．Start small and take steady steps.

B．Why is doing this important for you?

C．Make a list of habits you want to build.

D．It’s okay to desire weight loss, or any other outcomes.

E．In a word, fasting is harmful and no one would like to do so.

F．If not, remember: temporary methods are equal to temporary results.

G．It’s about creating a healthy relationship with food and your body.

6 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. How many hours of sleep does a child need at least?

A．7.

B．9.

C．10.

2. Who may have a lower risk of heart disease?

A．People who nap (小睡) once a week.

B．People who take a nap once a month.

C．People who never nap.

3. What is the most important according to Hausler?

A．Taking naps more often.

B．Examining your heart regularly.

C．Having a good lifestyle.

7 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. How does the woman know Daniel is ill?

A．He has a headache.

B．He looks pale.

C．He sounds different.

2. What does the woman suggest Daniel do?

A．Have a rest.

B．Have some medicine.

C．Have some chicken soup.

3. What is wrong with the woman?

A．She gets a runny nose.

B．She cannot sleep well.

C．She gives a lot of sneezes.

8 . Each fall, the flu emerges as a terrible force.     1     Influenza viruses cause millions of illnesses and thousands of deaths in the United States each year. So it’s necessary to know more about the flu viruses.

What’s the difference between Type A and Type B?

Influenza A viruses come in many varieties. Four subtypes commonly affect humans. But many more influenza A viruses have been identified in animals, which makes it a potential source of pandemics whenever a new type of influenza A jumps to humans.     2     They are divided into just two lineages (谱系) that cause seasonal outbreaks.

What are symptoms of an influenza infection?

If you do get sick with the flu, you’ll have common symptoms like fever, muscle aches and respiratory ailments. Most otherwise healthy people are sick for three to seven days.     3     The flu can also trigger inflammatory (炎症反应) responses in the body and worsen existing chronic conditions like asthma or heart disease.

    4    

Some rapid tests available at doctors offices can distinguish between influenza A and B, although they tend to have low sensitivity. Doctors can also order more sensitive P. C. R. tests to identify the specific flu virus causing infection.

How do you treat influenza?

To treat the flu, we can take approved antiviral medications that are commonly used to shorten the duration and severity of illness. Stay hydrated, get plenty of rest and use over-the-counter medications to reduce fever as needed. But if you develop a sustained fever of 39℃, you have difficulty breathing or you experience severe chest or stomach pain, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.     5    

A．How do you get tested for influenza?

B．How do you know which type you have?

C．Influenza B viruses, however, only circulate in humans.

D．In some cases, the cough and fatigue can linger for two weeks.

E．These may be signs that you need a stronger influenza treatment.

F．There are two players every flu season: influenza Type A and Type B.

G．Public health officials recommend everyone six months and older get an annual flu shot.

9 . UK safety advisers have dismissed concerns that highly processed food, also known as ultra-processed food (UPF), is automatically unhealthy because of the way it is made or its artificial ingredients. The current way that the UK and most other countries assess the nutrition al value of foods—which is generally by how much fat, salt, sugar and calories they contain—remains the best approach to achieving a health y diet, said a team of scientists. They also warned that people who cut out all ultra-processed foods could make their diets more unhealthy, for instance, if they avoid foods such as yogurts, low-fat spreads, wholemeal bread and food made of grains.

Concerns about processed foods have been growing, but it is unclear if there is something uniquely bad about them or if they just tend to be higher in things like fat and sugar. The issue has come into focus this year since Chris van Tulleken, a doctor and TV presenter, published a book called Ultra-Processed People: Why do we all eat stuff that isn’ t food... and why can’t we stop? Chris van Tulleken has called for more countries to adopt dietary guidelines pioneered in Brazil, where people are advised to prioritise eating whole foods and homemade meals, and avoid eating factory-made foods.

On 27 September, researchers from nutrition organisations rejected the proposed system. “We absolutely need foods to be processed so that we can feed the world,” said May at the University of Leeds, UK, who is a member of the British Nutrition Foundation. May also said UPF includes products that are both healthy and unhealthy. “It’s important we don’t throw the baby out with the bath water here. There are many components that have a very important role to play in nutrition and in safety,” he said.

Benefits of food processing include the use of preservatives that make food last longest and artificial sweeteners that help people reduce their sugar intake, said May. Other examples of processed foods that can be beneficial include baby food, infant formula milk and breads with added vitamins and minerals, said the panel.

1. What can be known from paragraph 1?

A．Low-fat spreads are ultra-processed food.

B．Wholemeal bread is unhealthy to us.

C．Ultra-processed food doesn’t contain sugar.

D．The nutritional value of food needs to be precisely recorded.

2. What does Chris van Tulleken suggest people do?

A．They should avoid ultra-processed food.	B．They should not have homemade food.
C．They should consume more Brazilian food.	D．They should read more books on healthy food.

3. What does May imply by saying the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

A．Kids should raise their awareness of food safety.

B．Children are the biggest victims of ultra-processed food.

C．Ultra-processed food does cause more damage to children.

D．Ultra-processed food has both advantages and disadvantages.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．How Ultra-processed Food Benefits People

B．Ultra-processed Food Isn’t Always Unhealthy

C．A Popular Book Brings Focus on Ultra-processed Food

D．What Health Risks Ultra-processed Food Brings to People

10 . I remember vividly the moment the doctor told me my daughter Annabelle was severely disabled. A thousand ________ raced through my mind. Will she walk? Will she talk? Will she be able to read?

“I couldn’t possibly ________,” said the doctor “But you should prepare yourself for the fact that she might never walk or talk.”

As well as ________ health, I wondered if she would have friends.

Now I know some of the answers. Although she has problems with the spine (脊柱), she can walk huge distances. She can’t hold a ________, but she can make her wants and needs known. And she has no friends.

Annabelle doesn’t get invited to birthday parties. To me, it’s this lack of inclusion (被接纳) that really ________me. Therefore, I was ________ when I saw a post on social media from a little girl with Down’s syndrome (唐氏综合症) at her friend’s birthday party. She was ________ having the greatest time of her life. There were photos of her wearing a wide smile, ________ for the camera, her friend’s arms around her.

“This is amazing!” I wrote, “I am so glad she gets________ in everything. My little girl was born with a spine problem. She hasn’t been invited to a single party in the last four years. ________ my heart.”

Later that day, a woman called Caroline, who I’d never met, sent me a message. Her son Luca was having a fifth birthday party and he wanted to ________ Annabelle.

As Annabelle set off for the party, she felt ________ and became hesitant. But once inside, she was relaxed and felt included in every element by two ________ — a five-year-old boy and his mum. It was highly ________.

My daughter now has memories that will last her a lifetime ________ that, she has her first ever friend.

1.

A．means

B．questions

C．focuses

D．opinions

2.

A．discover

B．lecture

C．predict

D．suffer

3.

A．attracted to

B．concerned about

C．impressed with

D．confused about

4.

A．party

B．debate

C．meeting

D．conversation

5.

A．upsets

B．affects

C．surprises

D．excites

6.

A．stressed

B．disappointed

C．overjoyed

D．frightened

7.

A．obviously

B．generally

C．gradually

D．immediately

8.

A．debating

B．checking

C．explaining

D．posing

9.

A．reminded

B．included

C．observed

D．funded

10.

A．Hardens

B．Breaks

C．Steals

D．Opens

11.

A．forgive

B．rescue

C．invite

D．shelter

12.

A．worried

B．excited

C．calm

D．powerful

13.

A．volunteers

B．teenagers

C．strangers

D．parents

14.

A．emotional

B．professional

C．wise

D．suitable

15.

A．Less than

B．Rather than

C．Fewer than

D．More than