1 . In early July, FDA granted traditional full approval of Leqembi for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This is the first approved medication proven to slow the progression of AD’s clinical symptoms. A phase three trial among 50-to-90-year-old patients with early AD showed that it can do so by about 27% over an 18-month period. While we cannot extrapolate (推断) beyond 18 months, this represents about a six-month delay in progression of AD symptoms.

A second disease-slowing drug, donanemab, has recently shown similar effects and may get FDA approval by the end of the year.The development of Leqembi is a notable success for medical science in that a disease previously impervious to any disease-modifying medical intervention now has an available, effective treatment. However, paraphrasing Winston Churchill, this is not the beginning of the end but the end of the beginning. The drug does not reverse disease symptoms or prevent progression, it slows progression. And there are considerations that make it inappropriate for many patients with AD. It does, however, lay the groundwork for future AD medications that could alleviate (减轻) suffering from this devastating disease for generations to come.

An important factor for new drugs is their cost. Leqembi’s price tag is $26,500 per year — much more than the current symptomatic medications for AD but comparable or less expensive than new medications for other conditions, for example multiple sclerosis or ALS.

Medicare has announced that it will provide coverage for this medication, although it is requiring that physicians perform certain clinical measures and enter the patient’s data in a registry in order for the drug to be covered, which will increase physician and patient burdens. What’s more, traditional Medicare only covers 80% of outpatient costs, so for those patients without supplemental insurance, a 20% copay for the drug and required MRI scans (核磁共振扫描) might amount to up to $10,000 or more per year out of pocket, but still only a fraction of the cost of a year of in a nursing home.

1. What can we learn from the first two paragraph?

A．Leqembi can make a six-month delay of AD’s symptoms over a two-year period.

B．To some degree, Leqembi is effective to slow the progression of AD symptoms.

C．Both donanemab and Leqembi have got FDA approval.

D．The drug is appropriate for any patient with AD.

2. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means _____ in the passage.

A．although the new drug has undergone trials, it is still not effective enough

B．though Leqembi can slow the progression of AD’s symptoms, we still have a long way to go

C．the research of the Leqembi will come to an end

D．some others problems related to the the medicine have been caused

3. Leqembi’s price is _____ according to the passage.

A．much cheaper than other medications for AD

B．much more than current medications for other conditions

C．affordable to almost every patient

D．cheaper than new medications for ALS

4. Medicare will provide coverage for this medication on condition that _____.

A．physician and patient burdens are increased

B．patients do not have supplemental insurance

C．patient’s data is registered and clinical measures are carried out by doctors

D．patients pay the cost of a year of in a nursing home

2 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Everybody knows that eating carrots on     1     daily basis is good for our eyesight. A new study suggests that grapes are also     2     (benefit) to our eyes. The study     3     (publish) in the scientific journal Food & Function investigated the benefits of regular     4     (consume) of grapes to eye health. Researchers have found that eating just a few grapes a day can improve our vision. This is     5     (particular) so for people who are older. Science has shown that an aging population has a higher risk of eye disease and vision problems. “Grapes have a positive impact     6     eye health in humans, which is very exciting, especially for older people. Our study is the first     7    (reveal) it,” said Dr. Kim, the lead researcher.

The study involved 34 adults and     8     (design) to test the effects of grapes. Half of the participants ate grapes per day; the other half ate a placebo (安慰剂）snack.     9     (conduct) a series of experiments over a span of 16 weeks, Dr. Kim found that people who ate the grapes had increased muscle strength around the retina (视网膜),     10     function is to pass information about light to the brain via electrical signals.

3 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Why does the woman ring the man?

A．To invite him to dinner.

B．To ask if he is well.

C．To know if he is sleeping.

2. What is the man going to do?

A．Take a bath before writing to his parents.

B．Do some washing and write to his parents.

C．Go to bed at once.

3. When will the man ring the woman?

A．Sometime this evening.

B．A few minutes later.

C．Tomorrow morning.

4 . Medical Examination Instructions

These medical instructions are being issued as your immigration (移民) application has reached the stage where medical examination results are required.

When, who and how to complete your Immigration Medical Examination

You are required to have the medical examination within 30 days of the date of this letter; your medical examination must be performed by a doctor from the IRCC list of Panel Physicians; book an appointment with a Panel Physician in your area as soon as possible.

Once your medical examination has been completed, the Panel Physician will submit medical results to IRCC for assessment. To obtain a copy of your Immigration Medical Examination, please ask the Panel Physician at the time of your appointment.

Paying for your Immigration Medical Examination

Any costs related to the medical examination are your responsibility and are payable to the Panel Physician at the time of examination. This payment is for the Panel Physician's services and cannot be returned even if your immigration application is refused or the validity period (有效期) of your immigration medical examination ends.

Note: If you are qualified for coverage under the Interim Federal Health Program, the costs related to your immigration medical examination may be covered by the IFHP. Please confirm with the Panel Physician in your area that they are registered with the IFHP.

What must I bring to my appointment?

★ The attached Medical Report form

★Identification, including your passport if one is available (Proof of identity must include at least one government-issued document with photograph and signature, such as a passport.)

★Eye glasses or contact lenses (隐形眼镜), if worn

★Four recent photographs

★For individuals qualified for Migration Medical Examination coverage under the Interim Federal Health Program, please bring one of the following documents:

●Refugee Protection Claimant Document

●The Interim Federal Health Certificate

●Acknowledgement of Claim and Notice to Return for Interview

If available, you may be offered vaccinations (接种疫苗) by the Panel Physician.

1. After your medical examination, _________.

A．the previous health reports ought to be consulted

B．you will submit the results to IRCC for assessment

C．the Panel Physician will present the results to IRCC

D．you will surely obtain a copy of examination results by the physician

2. If your immigration application is refused, which statement is right about the costs?

A．The IFHP will cover them.	B．They cannot be returned.
C．The Panel Physician will pay in cash.	D．They will be returned if you apply.

3. Which of the following must be brought to the appointment?

A．Proof of identity.	B．The Federal Health Certificate.
C．The application form.	D．Medical examination instructions.

5 . For those in search of safe, non-medicine sleep aids (助手), sound machines are a popular choice. The National Sleep Foundation recently found that 5% of Americans sleep with a “sound conditioner”. It can be a fan, phone app, or other noise-producing machines.

Michael Grandner, director of the Sleep and Health Research Program at the University of Arizona, says a sound conditioner is a lifesaver if you live where loud nighttime noise is common. But even if your bedroom is very quiet, sound machines can still be helpful if you’re the type of person unsettled by a total absence of noise, or if you’re a light sleeper who wakes from even the softest sound.

Research supports the idea that a little background sound can help people fall asleep. For a study in the journal Sleep Medicine, the researchers asked sleepers to listen to recorded hospital sounds either with or without a white noise machine. They found that those who slept with the white noise machine were hardly affected by the hospital sounds, while others who slept without white noise were easily awakened.

There’s also so-called “pink noise” and “brown noise”, which can sound similar to white noise. “I don’t think there’s enough evidence yet to say one type is better than another,” says Michelle Drerup, a sleep psychologist at the Cleveland Clinic. “I know from talking with my patients that some people prefer natural sounds, like a rainstorm. But others don’t want a sound at all when they sleep,” she says. “It all comes down to the individual (个人).”

For some, the best sound might be none. “Biologically (生物学上), you don’t need this sound to sleep,” says Michael Grandner, “and if you use it every night, you can get so used to it that you can’t sleep without it.” Most sleep experts agree. “I wouldn’t suggest people use sound machines to sleep unless they’re reporting difficulties with outside noises,” an expert says.

1. According to the text, who should sleep with a sound conditioner?

A．Those who fall asleep fast.

B．Those who wake up easily.

C．Those who live in a quiet street.

D．Those who are afraid to sleep alone.

2. What does Michelle Drerup think of the best type of sound for sleep?

A．Pink noise and brown noise are better.

B．Sleeping without any noise is the best.

C．It all depends on personal preferences.

D．Natural sounds are the best for people.

3. What is most experts’ suggestion?

A．To use sound machines as little as possible.

B．To see a doctor with your sleeping problems.

C．To find a very quiet place to treat sleeping problems.

D．To break the habits of sleeping with sound machines.

4. What’s the main idea of the text?

A．Most Americans have a bad sleep.

B．White noises are good for humans.

C．Sound conditioners are a safe, non-medicine sleep aid.

D．Not everyone should sleep with white noise machine.

6 . Which of Mary’s arms was hurt?

A．The left one.

B．The right one.

C．Both.

7 . “What exactly is a nervous breakdown?     1     .” Dr. David A. Merrill, a neurologist and psychiatrist, further explains the condition, “You feel like you are reaching a breaking point.”

You can’t concentrate.

In the short term, stress can increase your brainpower by releasing hormones that improve memory storage and improve concentration. But in the long term, long-time stress makes it difficult to block out distractions from outside.     2    .

You can’t stop eating.

Do you reach for a cup of ice cream or a packet of cookies after a long day? There’s a good reason for that.     3    , including adrenaline (肾上腺素), which energizes your muscles for a “fight or flight” response. Once the adrenaline disappears and no longer has any effect, cortisol tells the body to replenish (补充) its lost energy stores with food.

Your stomach is upset all the time.

Sometimes stress and anxiety can appear as stomach aches and cramps. But if you notice some symptoms that include abdominal (腹部的) pain or different pains, you could have Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

    4    .

Skipping basic daily practices can signal you are having a period of depression or an emotional breakdown. You don’t shower or brush your teeth as usual. You spend little or no time on your clothing or hair style. Stress puts burdens on the mind and body, leading to tiredness and indifference, which can cause a loss of happiness or lack of motivation for activities you used to enjoy.

You have a different posture.

Have you ever looked at someone and thought, “That person looks depressed?” We communicate a lot through our posture and non-verbal gestures, including our mental state.     5     when people adopt a “protective position”—arms crossed, slouching, or facing away.

A．You stop caring about how you look

B．You recover from your serious breakdown

C．Depressed people may mix up their words

D．Stress causes the brain to release hormones

E．It affects your ability to focus on projects at hand

F．It shows they are feeling very stressed and defensive

G．It generally describes the feeling of being under long-term stress

8 . While it is known that parents control the dietary choices of their children during early childhood, the increasing independence experienced during adolescence brings with it more freedom when it comes to food choices. This time of life also brings enormous physical and emotional changes in a young person, which is often associated with an increase in comfort eating, or eating as a means to relieve stress. A recent study investigates how various feeding practices used by parents impact the emotional eating behavior of adolescents.

The initial study was conducted in 2017 with 218 families. Additionally, data collected in 2013 were also available. One parent from each family completed the Child Feeding Questionnaire, as well as the Child Feeding Practices Questionnaire, and both adolescent and parent completed the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. The adolescent’s body weight and height were measured by researchers. The four years between 2013 — 2017 covered the years from late childhood to mid-teens.

The study found that when parents used food as a reward, or restricted and monitored an adolescent’s access to food, this was associated with an increased tendency by the adolescent to use emotional eating as a strategy to deal with their emotions. On the other hand, involving a child in meal preparations had the opposite effect — it was associated with higher levels of emotional regulation and lower levels of emotional eating in the adolescent participants.

Additionally, the researchers found a negative link between the extent to which parents restrained (克制) their own eating behavior and the use of emotional eating by their adolescent children. This means that the more a parent limited his or her own consumption of food for the purpose of health or dietary goals, the less the adolescent child used emotional eating as a means of regulating his or her own emotions.

According to study lead author Joanna Klosowska, restrictive parenting was most damaging, whereas restrained eating by the parent seemed to be the most beneficial. “Additional research is required to understand the way in which restrained eating demonstrated by a parent impacts the emotional eating of a child,” said Klosowska.

1. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to?

A．Parents’ dietary choice.	B．Parents’ eating behavior.
C．Children’s way of relieving stress.	D．Children’s increasing independence.

2. What did the researchers do in the study?

A．They studied parents’ body weight and height.

B．They investigated children’s eating behaviors.

C．They interviewed parents about their emotional health.

D．They assessed parents’ understanding of children’s care needs.

3. What did the study find?

A．Restrained eating by parents is bad for their children.

B．Emotional eating by teens is influenced by their parents.

C．Parents seldom engage their children in family meal preparations.

D．Using food as a reward can help children form good eating habits.

4. What will future research focus on according to Klosowska?

A．Factors resulting in parents’ and adolescents’ food choices.

B．The underlying logic behind parents’ restrictive parenting.

C．What effect emotional eating can generate on children’s health.

D．How parents’ restrained eating influences children’s emotional eating.

9 . Over the last half century, obesity (肥胖症) rates have skyrocketed. In 1962, 46 percent of adults in the US were considered overweight. By 2010, that figure had jumped to 75 percent.

Obesity is a complex problem with many causes. But among the likely suspects, sugar is high on the list. A variety of research has drawn a link (联系) between sugar consumption (消耗) and overweight. As sugar consumption has increased, so has our waistline.

“I don’t think we have enough evidence yet to suggest that sugar is the reason for obesity,” says Johns Hopkins, a cardiologist. “But there is enough evidence to say that too much sugar consumption is an important contributor to weight gain.”

All those sweet snacks seem to be affecting the heart as well. In a study published in JAMA: Internal Medicine in 2014, researchers compared people who consumed a lot of added sugar accounting for 17 to 21 percent of their total daily calories with people who ate less sugar — just 8 percent of their total calories. Those in the high-sugar group had a 38 percent greater risk of dying from heart disease.

Excess weight increases the risk of many diseases like high blood pressure, high cholesterol and Type 2 diabetes. Research by the team of Ndumele has shown that those factors usually explain the link between obesity and heart disease. “All of those factors make it more likely that someone will develop heart disease,” says Ndumele.

In other words, there are many reasons to aim for a healthy weight. And cutting back on sugar is a good place to start.

1. What does the underlined word “skyrocketed” in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Risen quickly.	B．Dropped rapidly.
C．Led to many diseases.	D．Caught much attention.

2. What’s Johns Hopkins’ attitude towards too much sugar consumption?

A．Unsure.

B．Negative.

C．Unconcerned.

D．Supportive.

3. What does the study in JAMA want to show?

A．Obesity can cause heart disease.	B．Sugar contributes to weight gain.
C．Heart disease is linked to sugar intake.	D．Overweight increases high blood pressure.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Obesity—The Heart Killer	B．Less Sugar—A Good Start for Health
C．What to Do with Disease	D．How to Take Care of Your Sweet Teeth

10 . After staring at a computer screen for hours at a time, the body often gives us a clue that it is stressed: unbearable neck and back pain. To fix the problem, you might have gotten advice to focus on posture, but exercise research points to another strategy as well — taking short-term exercise throughout the day to relieve tension and stress in the body.

Fitness specialists at NASA, an agency where people work in high-stress seated positions, developed a set of 20 one-minute exercises to prevent pain that anyone can do at their desk. “Movement is hydrating (补水) for connective tissues and joints, changing the stiffness that arises from too much sedentary behavior.” says Dr. Helene Langevin, director of the National Institute of Health, which recently funded more than a half-dozen studies on connective tissue and pain. “Taking small breaks and moving around throughout the day prevents your body from congealing (凝结),” Langevin says.

The NASA program included seated marches, standing calf raises, push-ups with hands on the desk, and neck, shoulder, and back stretches. “Your body is always talking to you,” said Marceleus M. Venable, a personal trainer in Washington D.C. and co-author of the NASA exercise program. “Your hands cramp (抽筋), you have hip pain and neck pain ... it’s saying: ‘Hey, can you stretch me?’ ”

No one set of exercises works for every body. Rather, people should focus on movements that challenge areas of weakness, strengthen multiple parts and that they enjoy, says Katy Bowman, a biomechanist and author of the book Move Your DNA. “It’s not as simple as asking everyone with back pain to do these four moves,” says Bowman. “It’s just like dietary nutrition. You need a range of movements that make the body strong from head to toe.”

In July 2023, Langevin published a video, demonstrating some of the movements she recommends, including taking one arm in a large gentle circle, while stretching the neck in the opposite direction and then repeating the move in the opposite direction, and on the opposite side. “Even if you are feeling sore, gentle motion can be soothing.” she says, “For musculoskeletal (肌肉骨骼) pain in general, movement is a really good thing.”

1. What does it indicate when there is unbearable pain in your neck and back?

A．You have to stare at the computer screen.

B．Your body is suffering from tension.

C．You have got advice to focus on posture.

D．Your body has released its stress.

2. What does the underlined word “sedentary” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Remaining too busy.	B．Staying up late.
C．Spending much time sitting.	D．Taking exercise overly.

3. Which of the following is the correct way to relieve body stress according to the text?

A．Resigning from NASA and taking a light job.

B．Providing sufficient water for various tissues of the body.

C．Promoting a set of exercises to benefit everyone.

D．Stretching your body whenever there is a chance.

4. In which section of a magazine is this text most likely to appear?

A．Health and Life.	B．Astronomy and Space.
C．Computer and Technology.	D．Office and Efficiency.