China’s first overpass for wildlife migration has already come into use. The bridge     1     (lie) over the newly constructed National Highway 214 is able to link animal habitats which are separated     2     the road.     3     (cover) with sand-much like the surrounding land, the overpass can fit in with the environment well.

It has been about two years since the national highway     4     (begin) and it was designed with environmental protection as a top priority. A project environmental engineer for the highway said the construction of these man-made corridors (通道)     5     (base) on years of observation of wildlife migration in the region. The bridge, for example, is built according to the region’s natural conditions and with     6     purpose of reducing the highway’s effect on the animals significantly. Wildlife overpasses and underpasses assist animals       7     (safe) crossing over or under busy roadways and allow them to continue to use their customary paths,     8     would otherwise be blocked.

Those passageways,with a total     9     (long) of 59 kilometers, enable antelopes and other animals to cross the railway freely. So far, China has put great effort into achieving     10     (harmony) coexistence between human development and the protection of wildlife. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the world’s highest railroad, has 33 underpasses for migrating animals.

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible     1     (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and     2    work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road,     3     (lay) the track and then building strong roof over    4     top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines     5     (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been     6     (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly turned out to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using it every day.

Later, engineers     7     (manage) to build railways in a system of deep tunnel (隧道)，    8     became known as the tube. This development was only possible with the    9    (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most     10     (success) of these newlines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.