1 . Teachers worried about students turning in essays written by a popular artificial intelligence chatbot now have a new tool of their own.
Edward Tian, a computer science major at Princeton University, has built an App called GPTZero to detect whether a text is written by Chat GPT, which is a popular chatbot that has caused fears over its possibility for immoral uses in American academic circles. His motivation to create the computer program was to fight what he sees as an increase in AI plagiarism (剽窃). Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, there have been reports of students using the language model to pass off AI-written assignments as their own. Many teachers have reached out to him after he released GPTZero, telling him about the positive results they’ve seen from testing it.
To determine whether an essay is written by a computer program, GPTZero uses two indicators: “confusion” and “burstiness (突发性)”. The first indicator measures the complexity of text; if GPTZero is confused by the text, then it has a high complexity and it’s more likely to be human-written. However, if the text is more familiar to GPTZero — because it’s been trained on such data — then it will have low complexity and therefore is more likely to be AI-generated. Besides, the second indicator compares the variations of sentences. Humans tend to write with greater burstiness, for example, with some longer or complex sentences alongside shorter ones. AI sentences tend to be more uniform.
In a demonstration video, Tian compared the App’s analysis of a story in The New Yorker and a Linked In post written by ChatGPT. It successfully distinguished writing between human and AI. However, GPTZero isn’t foolproof, as some users have reported when putting it to the test. He said he’s still working to improve the model’s accuracy.
Tian is not opposed to the use of AI tools like ChatGPT. GPTZero is “not meant to be a tool to stop these technologies from being used,” he said. “But with any new technologies, we need to be able to adopt it responsibly and we need to have protections.”
1. What have some students done since ChatGPT was released?A.They have built language models from ChatGPT. |
B.They have copied AI-written text from ChatGPT |
C.They have accessed their assignments through ChatGPT. |
D.They have passed their writing exams through ChatGPT. |
A.The more uniform the text is, the more likely it is to be AI-generated. |
B.The less complex the text is, the more likely it is to be human-written. |
C.GPTZero sometimes confuses human-written texts with AI-generated texts. |
D.GPTZero is more familiar with human-written texts than with AI-generated texts. |
A.User-friendly. | B.Time-efficient. |
C.Perfectly legal. | D.Completely reliable. |
A.Favorable. | B.Disapproving. | C.Objective. | D.Ambiguous. |
2 . Online learning is a term used to describe distance or correspondence courses that are offered over the Internet.
There are two types of online course access: open and restricted. Open access allows virtually anyone with an Internet browser to view the course material.
It is more efficient for both sides to access course materials online.
The material for online courses provided by educational institutions has been carefully reviewed and approved before the course is offered. Many introduction and intermediate courses do not change.
A.As a result, the courses are stable. |
B.Students are required to use effective study skills. |
C.The fees are much lower so that most students can afford it. |
D.Technology continues to expand to meet the needs of online students. |
E.This type of online learning does not require interaction with an instructor. |
F.From the educator perspective, the course lectures can be recorded once and reused. |
G.It is prized as a cost-effective method of providing access to education for a large population. |
Fusong County in northeast China’s Jilin Province was abuzz (热闹) with activities last winter,
“We need to compete in assembling, programming and operation. I believe that maintaining a resilient mindset is the key to
Many of the contestants
The young contestants, from various places and with diverse
4 . Even if you haven’t held a conversation with Siri or Alexa, you’ve likely encountered a chatbot online. They often appear in a chat window that pops up with a friendly greeting: Thank you for visiting our site.How can I help you today? Depending on the site, the chatbot is programmed to respond accordingly and even ask follow-up questions.
Chatbots are a form of conversational AI designed to simplify human interaction with computers. They are programmed to simulate human conversation and exhibit intelligent behavior that is equivalent to that of a human.
Chatbots communicate through speech or text. Both rely on artificial intelligence technologies like machine learning and natural language processing (NLP), which is a branch of artificial intelligence that teaches machines to read, analyze and interpret human language. This technology gives chatbots a baseline for understanding language structure and meaning. NLP, in essence, allows the computer to understand what you are asking and how to appropriately respond.
With developments in deep learning and reinforcement learning, chatbots can interpret more complexities in language and improve the dynamic nature of conversation between human and machine. Essentially, a chatbot tries to match what you’ve asked to an intent that it understands. The more a chatbot communicates with you, the more it understands and the more it learns to communicate like you and others with similar questions. Your positive responses reinforce its answers, and then it uses those answers again.
From customer service chatbots online to personal assistants in our homes,chatbots have started to enter our lives. In almost every industry, companies are using chatbots to help customers easily navigate their websites, answer simple questions and direct people to the relevant points of contact. Personal assistants like Siri and Alexa are designed to respond to a wide range of scenarios and queries, from current weather and news updates to personal calendars, music selections and random questions.
1. Why does the author mention Siri and Alexa in Paragraph 1?A.To explain how a chatbot works. | B.To show where to find a chatbot. |
C.To give examples of chatbots. | D.To compare different chatbots. |
A.Language study. | B.Data transmission. |
C.Social interaction. | D.Natural language processing. |
A.Inspire. | B.Strengthen. | C.Organize. | D.Match. |
A.The future trend of chatbots. | B.The author’s predictions. |
C.The effects of chatbots. | D.The applications of chatbots. |
5 . A lunar crystal (水晶) was found in lunar basalt particles (玄武岩颗粒) collected from the moon in 2020 when the Chinese moon mission landed in Oceanus Procellarum, returning with more than 1.7 kg of lunar samples delivered safely to the Earth.
The crystal found on the near side of the moon is giving scientists hope of providing limitless power for the world forever. It is made of material previously unknown to the scientific community and contains a key ingredient for the nuclear fusion (核聚变) process, a form of power generation that uses the same forces that fuel the sun and other stars. It is transparent and roughly the width of a single human hair, and it formed in a region of the moon where volcanoes were active around 1.2 billion years ago.
One of the primary ingredients found in this crystal is helium-3 (氦-3) , which scientists believe may provide a stable fuel source for nuclear fusion reactors. The element is incredibly rare on the Earth, but it seems to be fairly common on the moon. China’s next moon mission is expected to be carried out by Chang’e 6 in 2024, which will attempt to collect the first samples from the far side of the moon, which never faces the Earth.
Although it is too early for scientists to have made financial estimates on such a fuel source, it will undoubtedly be extremely costly. There is, of course, the matter of bringing the crystals back from the moon, especially in large amounts that are needed to fuel fusion reactors.
Helium-3 produces significantly less radiation and nuclear waste than other elements. The current nuclear fusion process has raised serious safety concerns, and as a result, scientists have been searching for a way to create nuclear power from nuclear fusion. During the fusion process, radioactive waste is not produced, potentially making a securer and more efficient fuel source.
Around 25 tons of helium-3 could power the US for a year. Multiple private companies and countries with space agencies have signaled their intentions to mine the moon for helium-3, and this latest discovery could kick start the race.
1. What can we learn about the crystal?A.It is 1.7 centimeters wide. |
B.It is expected to power the Earth. |
C.It is commonly found on the Earth. |
D.It is made of previously familiar material. |
A.Collect up nuclear waste. |
B.Find out the elements of helium-3. |
C.Set up lunar nuclear fusion reactors. |
D.Take back the samples of lunar crystals. |
A.It is low in cost. | B.It is clean and safe. |
C.It absorbs radiation. | D.It produces no waste. |
A.A Struggling Race to Make Crystals |
B.An Undoubted Discovery Powering the US |
C.An Efficient Way to Collect Crystals from the Moon |
D.A Rare Moon Crystal Discovered by Chinese Scientists |
6 . OpenAI’s automated AI-powered chatbot ChatGPT has taken the internet by storm, but not without creating a few issues on the way. With writers, marketers, and seemingly everyone else in between using ChatGPT to generate content, companies worldwide are staring down a tsunami of AI-generated content, With issues of safety and stolen contents constantly swirling around ChatGPT and its output, OpenAI has now released GPT-Classifier, a tool designed to detect whether the text you’re reading was generated by ChatGPT or one of its other GPT tools.
GPT-Classifier attempts to figure out if a given piece of text was human-written or the work of an Al-generator. While ChatGPT and other GPT models are trained extensively on all manners of text input, the GPT-Classifier tool is fine-tuned on a dataset of pairs of human-written text and AI-written text on the same topic. In other words, the GPT-Classifier attempts to compare similarities between known human text and known AI text to find inconsistency that reveal the source writer.
While the idea of easily spotting AI-generated text will be music to the ears of editors and educators, OpenAI has warned that its classifier is not fully reliable.
A test of the GPT-Classifier spotted a human-generated example and marked it very unlikely to be AI-generated, and also correctly indicated that a ChatGPT-generated piece on USB issues was possibly AI generated. Currently, GPT-Classifier correctly identifies 26%of AI-written text while labeling 9%of human text as AI-written. OpenAI also notes that the tool’s accuracy typically improves as the length of the input text increases. For now, although GPT-Classifier is up and running and available for testing, it’s best to take its labeling with a pinch of salt
Even with the GPT-Classifier’s limitations, the demand for reliable ChatGPT detection is likely to see many people turn to this tool. OpenAI’s commitment to building and releasing a free GPT detection tool is important because as more students, Writers, programmers, and others use AI-text generation tools, understanding and detecting this input will become vital.
1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A.GPT-Classifier’s components. | B.GPT-Classifier’s vast datasets. |
C.GPT-Classifier’s high productivity. | D.GPT-Classifier’s working principle |
A.Accept with certain doubt. | B.Reform with sufficient testing. |
C.Judge with reasonable grounds. | D.Classify with multiple attempts. |
A.GPT-Classifier wipes out users’ belief in AI. |
B.GPT-Classifier demands more students’ trust. |
C.GPT-Classifier meets diverse growing needs. |
D.GPT-Classifier has a limited range of services. |
A.Critical. | B.Opposing. | C.Tolerant. | D.Approving. |
7 . Remember the woman in Port Hood, N. S. whose recipe for meat rolls spread all over the internet? The dog from Quebec that attracted hundreds of thousands of followers for its advice on surviving social isolation? The pilot whose path over Nova Scotia formed the shape of a heart?
All of their stories, and dozens more, are collected in a new book by two Canadian authors. It took Heather Down and Catherine Kenwell just a little more than seven weeks to collect the stories behind the 49 uplifting moments they recorded during the pandemic.
The book includes everything from the tale of Robbie Griffiths, the father from Paradise, N. L. who dressed up as Spider-Man so kids could have something positive in their day, to Carter Mann, the Grade 5 student from Sudbury, Ont, who wrote a poem to encourage front-line heroes including his own father, who is a health carer.
“Not Canceled: Canadian Caremongering in the Face of COVID-19” is a reminder that a lot of positive things happened during lockdown. The book’s title is a nod to the Canadian attitude and reaction to the pandemic, as the word “caremongering” has Canadian roots. Even the number of stories is no accident: it’s a reference to the 49th parallel, along which runs the Canada-U. S. border between Manitoba and B. C.
One of the stories in “Not Canceled” centers on the marriage of a couple in B. C. They may have had to shift their celebrations to a living room, but the ceremony was far from lonely. Friends showed up in their cars outside, with everyone tuned into the same radio station, so the bride and groom could have their first dance in the middle of the street.
Down wanted to document how the nation navigated such dark times with kindness. She told CTV News that “the response has been amazing. I’m so pleased.”
The stories included in the book are just the tip of the iceberg. Down says that there are so many stories left over that she and Kenwell might just have to do a second book.
1. What does the underlined word “uplifting” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Inspiring. | B.Embarrassing. | C.Mysterious. | D.Humorous. |
A.He trained hard to become a health carer. |
B.He wrote poems with the help of his father. |
C.He used words to cheer up essential workers. |
D.He dressed up as Spider-Man to please other kids. |
A.It shows Canadian attitude and response. |
B.It shows the total number of the stories. |
C.It has the new-made word “caremongering”. |
D.It contains Canada’s geographical information. |
A.It was canceled halfway. | B.It was held completely indoor. |
C.It was witnessed by a group of friends. | D.It was broadcast live by a radio station. |
1. AI发展现状;
2. 培养自身能力;
3. 提出展望。
注意:1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Create a Brighter Future with AI
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9 . From writing Shakespeare-style poetry to making music, ChatGPT has amazed he world since its launch in late 2022 by the US-based company OpenAI. It even passed several law exams in four courses at the Unlversity of Minnesota, US.
The AI program can answer questions on a whole host of topics and write essays, stories and any other written texts you can think of. It does this by drawing on information collected from a large corpus (语料库) of text data.
What makes ChatGPT so impressive? As Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI said n an interview, “It’s not actually a fundamentally new technology that made this (ChatGPT) have a moment.” According to MIT Technology Review, ChatGPT is based on GPT-3, a large language model. Because texts are more complex than the meaning of every word combined, language models require a type of neural network (神经网络) that can make sense of texts.
One breakthrough behind today’s model is a network called Transformer, which was invented by Google researchers in 2017. The neural network can infer word meanings by tracking where the word appears in a sentence. Transformer can therefore gather the meaning of texts more accurately.
The GPT models were built by OpenAI combined Transformer with unsupervised (无人指导的) learning, meaning that the models can learn by themselves without being told what to look at. ChatGPT can now generate human-like responses instantly due to the large scale (规模) of texts It made sense of and learned from.
“One of the biggest problems with ChatGPT is that it comes back, very confidently, with falsities,” Michael Wooldridge at the Alan Turing Institute in London, UK. This means that ChatGPT doesn’t know the truth about the world — it learns information from various resources but It cannot decide what is true or false. As for education, many US schools recently banned students from using ChatGPT on school networks because students began to use it as a shortcut for essays.
1. What aspect of ChatGPT is most impressive?A.The neural network. | B.The large text database. |
C.The ability to combine words. | D.The application of technology. |
A.Data-based communication. | B.Learning from masses of texts. |
C.Human-guided machine learning. | D.Collecting texts for a large corpus. |
A.Supportive. | B.Confused. | C.Objective. | D.Confident. |
A.Is ChatGPT a Good Translator? |
B.Should ChatGPT be Banned at School? |
C.Can ChatGPT Choose True Information? |
D.Will ChatGPT be the Wonder of Modern Technology? |
Ge Zhichen’s livestreams on Tiktok have attracted thousands of viewers to learn about Suzhou Pingtan,
Ge never considered becoming an inheritor in his childhood. “When I was 16, my father used a white lie to trick me
“Since I can’t change the Wu dialect, I start by singing and then
This approach worked. Compared to offline
Ge believes that another problem with Pingtan is the lack