1 . Anxious thinker. Loner. Wallflower. These are some negative comments for “introvert” (内向者), showing a common mind-set in America. Actually they just interact differently; they do well when given time alone to think and prefer close conversations.

American society is ruled by the “Extrovert Ideal (外向理想型)”: successful people take risks and always voice their opinion, whether or not they know what they’re doing. The problem is that people value this ideal so much that they often ignore meaningful opinions from the quieter introverts. Isn’t there something problematic about having to get our thoughts out before we finish thinking about them?

Over-stressing the Extrovert Ideal can lead to unwise decisions. In one case, several introverts, who tend to be more careful and think more, pointed out warning signals before the economic downturn of 2008. But the decision makers — often the bold, risk-taking types —ignored their opinion. People say introverts often overthink every decision. Yes, maybe we think before we speak. But is that really so bad?

Of course, social skills are important for everyone. But the misunderstanding about how introverts work creates a cultural bias (偏见). Required class participation at school often leads to students shouting out whatever thoughts come to their mind, too pressured by their participation grade to take the time and think of a meaningful response. During the Covid-19quarantine, some of my classes started using Parlay, a website that allows for discussions through anonymous (匿名的) written comments. I saw that many of my classes were able to have deeper conversations this way, freed from the pressures of having to speak up on the spot. So encouraging a balanced variety of learning methods can reduce the existing bias.

Society seems to think only the loud and outgoing ones can make a difference. But Rosa Parks was known for being “soft spoken” and “timid.” Gandhi said, “In a gentle way, you can shake the world.” So please, give us introverts a chance to change the world in our own quiet way!

2 . Despite common concerns that the social is competitive, cooperation (合作) among strangers has gradually increased in the U.S. since the 1950s, according to the research published by the American Psychological Association.

“We were surprised by our findings that Americans became more cooperative over the last six decades because many people believe U.S. society is becoming less socially connected and less trusting,” said lead researcher Yu Kou, PhD, a professor of social psychology at Beijing Normal University.

The researchers analyzed 511 studies conducted in the United States between 1956 and 2017 with a total of more than 63,000 participants(参与者). Those studies included lab experiments measuring cooperation among strangers. The study found a small, gradual increase in cooperation across the 61-year period, which the researchers said may be linked to great changes in U.S. society. The increase in cooperation was related with increases in social wealth, income inequality and the number of people living alone.

Increased cooperation has been linked with market competitiveness and economic growth in former research. As more people live in cities and on their own, they may be forced to cooperate with strangers, said study co-author Paul Van Lange, PhD. He said, “U.S. society may have become more self-centered, but people have not.”

The researchers note that former studies have found that levels of cooperation do not differ by sex or race in the U.S. However, the studies were conducted in lab settings primarily with only college students as participants, so the findings may not be representative (代表性的) of real-life situations or of U.S. society as a whole.

4 . Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in early 2020, public health and government officials have put social distancing rules in place and advised people to stay at home as much as possible. Many schools around the world started online learning.

Do teenagers have it easy being home all the time? Not necessarily. They can’t connect with teachers and friends in person and do outdoor activities. They are even concerned about the deadly disease. These have caused a rise in anxiety among young people.

In a study of about 1,500 teens last spring, 70% kids said that they were struggling with anxiety and 45% had felt more stressed than usual. Poncin, a professor of clinical child psychiatry (精神病学), said that it’s difficult to show exactly what is causing the increased stress. Some factors focus on our communities and families, while others are individual (个别的). “There are many stress factors that teens are worried about, like their parents losing jobs, family members getting sick, parents not being home, not talking with friends, and more,” Poncin said. “Teens need to learn how to be together and how to talk and be with people.”

Thinking about something over and over also builds stress. To help ease (缓解) their worries, teens can bike, walk the dog or even pick up a new hobby.

In my home state of North Carolina, Roy Goode, head of the local educational agency, is especially concerned about students who don’t have the resources they need to learn at home. “Today’s students are tomorrow’s leaders,” he said. “We need to make sure they all have a chance to succeed so we can overcome any challenge that comes our way.”

Bemidji high school senior Jaxon Anderson is     1    awkward teenager who wants to be everyone’s hero. When he puts on the mask, however, Anderson becomes the amazing Spider-Man.

“I     2     (struggle) for senior photos for months and I believe this would make me stand out among my classmates and help me be myself,” Anderson said. “I love superheroes. I guess I’m just really cool     3     that way.”

Spiderman’s pictures are just the     4     (late) in a trend that some people are calling “extreme senior portraits”. “Everyone wants to do something outside of the box,” said Megan Engeseth of Megan Engeseth Photography, a studio     5     is known for its creative senior portraits. “It’s a     6     (total) different thing even from five years ago.”

High school seniors no longer want to graduate with a regular yearbook picture.     7     most still take a traditional headshot (头像) for Mom and Dad, they want the rest of their photos to reflect their true     8     (personal). And they want the photo shoot experience     9    (make) them feel like a famous person – or superhero – for a day.

The goal for many seniors — especially the girls — is to end up with an     10     (impress) set of pictures to be shared and liked on social media. With millions of pictures on the Internet, the bar (门槛) is high.

California is burning.In recent weeks, hundreds of fires    1    (destroy) structures, torched thousands of acres and blackened the sky with smoke.Fear of the blazes has also led to strategic blackouts that have left millions    2    power.

Fire has always been a part of life California.     3    a series of    4    (factor) have combined to make recent blazes more damaging.Ten of the most destructive fires in the state’s history have happened in the past decade.Things hit new extremes last year with the Camp Fire,     5    caused 85 deaths and burned more than 150,000 acres.

The forces working in concert to spark and spread wildfires pose    6    incredible challenge for California.Climate change is bringing    7     (high) temperatures and more powerful winds that spread the flames.The state’s electrical system is    8     (age), and equipment has been    9     (link) to causing some of the wildfires.There are more than 100 million dead trees in the state’s forests that act    10    material for the blazes.Meanwhile, a statewide housing crisis has pushed more residents to build homes in dangerous fire zones.